Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2025 in |
Bupivacaine and Meloxicam are used in combination for treatment of Pain relief. Objective of present work was to develop simple, precise, accurate methods for simultaneous estimation of both drugs using HPTLC and RP-HPLC method. In HPTLC method silica gel G- F254 TLC plate as a stationary phase and a mobile phase of Toluene: Ethyl acetate: Methanol: Formic acid (6:2:1.5:0.5 v/v/v/v) used to resolve Bupivacaine and Meloxicam. Bupivacaine and Meloxicam were estimated at 270nm. The proposed method was validated according to ICH guideline Q2 (R1). For RP-HPLC method, chromatographic separation was achieved on Shim – Pack solar C18 (250 mm × 4.6mm, 5μm). Detection was carried out at 210nm using Acetonitrile:Methanol: Water pH-5, adjusted with 0.1% OPA (80: 10: 10 v/v/v). HPTLC method was found to be linear over the concentration range of 2000-6000ng/b and for BUP and 60-180 ng/band for MEL. HPLC method was found to be linear over the concentration range of 30-70μg/ml for BUP and 0.9-2.1μg/ml for MEL. All the methods were validated for linearity, precision, accuracy,...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2025 in |
This paper deals with the in-silico evaluation of novel 2,4,5-triphenyl imidazole derivatives for their antiviral activities. The 2,4,5-triphenyl imidazole is synthesized using a traditional method that uses benzil, ammonium acetate, benzaldehyde, and glacial acetic acid, and characterized using IR spectroscopy. A series of 2,4,5-triphenyl imidazole derivatives 3(a-f) and 4(a-f) were designed by using different heterocyclic aldehydes and acid chlorides by changing different heterocycles such as furan, thiphene, and pyrrole. Antiviral activity was investigated for all compounds using in-silico studies, primarily through molecular docking, by comparing the binding energy with that of the standard drug (hydroxychloroquine). In-silico evaluation of all compounds was performed using Swiss ADME, Molinspiration, PASS prediction, and Molecular docking. Molecular docking studies of all compounds showed the highest binding energies compared to the standard, which is hydroxychloroquine; among them, compound (3b) showed the highest binding affinity for the 6Y84 protein (-10.20 Kcal/mol) than Hydroxychloroquine (-7.42 kcal/mol). Further, these newly designed compounds can act as lead molecules for the development of new antiviral...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2025 in |
According to WHO guidelines and US Healthy initiative 2000, the cesarean section rate should not be beyond 15 %. The aim of this study is to analyze caesarean section rate at tertiary care centre according to Modified Robson’s classification. Methods: The present study was carried out retrospectively at Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan from May 2023 to Nov2023. All women delivered during this period were classified according to modified Robson’s classification. For each group, the caesarean section rate within the group and its contribution to overall caesarean section rate were calculated and results were noted as per Modified Robson’s criteria. Results: Highest contribution to the total CS rate was made by Group 5 (previous cesarean, singleton, cephalic, > or equal to 37 weeks), accounting for 40.65% of all CSs, with CS rate of 95.83%. High CS rates were also observed in Group 6 (nulliparous breech) and Group 7 (multiparous breech) having a 100% CS rate. Group 2 (Nulliparous, singleton, cephalic, > or equal to...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2025 in |
The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) and its ligands, particularly advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), serve as a crucial molecular link between diabetes and breast cancer. Chronic hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in diabetes promote excessive AGE formation, which, upon binding to RAGE, triggers inflammatory and oncogenic signaling cascades, including NF-κB, PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and JAK/STAT pathways. These pathways drive oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), fostering a tumor-promoting microenvironment. In breast cancer, sustained RAGE activation enhances cancer cell proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, and immune evasion while also contributing to therapy resistance. Additionally, metabolic reprogramming associated with diabetes, such as the Warburg effect and increased insulin/IGF-1 signaling, synergizes with RAGE-mediated tumor progression. The persistent activation of the AGE-RAGE axis creates a self-sustaining loop of inflammation and oxidative stress, exacerbating both metabolic dysfunction and tumorigenesis. Understanding the intricate crosstalk between diabetes and breast cancer through this axis highlights the potential of targeting RAGE as a novel therapeutic strategy for managing both conditions. This review explores the molecular mechanisms underpinning the AGE-RAGE...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2025 in |
Background: Herbal extracts have beneficial effects on humankind, so scientific research on their characteristics is necessary. Objective: Our investigation aims to analyze the pharmacognostical, phytochemical constituents, standardization, free radical scavenging activity, in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity, and cytotoxicity activity of the HAE of Ashvakatri, an herbal drug. Material and Method: The studies were based on botanical and pharmacognostical investigation, including standardization, chromatographic evaluation, absorption maxima, and compatibility of the drug, in-vitro antioxidant evaluation, anti-inflammatory evaluation, and brine shrimp lethality assay were performed. Results: Microscopic studies of rhizomes revealed the presence of multicellular trichomes, ground tissue, epidermis, dictyosome, tracheids, and phloem. Likewise, the powder microscopy verified the presence of parenchyma cells, trichomes, tracheids, epidermal cells, etc. Proximate analysis was evaluated by total ash value, acid-insoluble ash value, and water-soluble ash value. The HAE yield was found to be 22.839% w/v. The phytochemical screening in HAE revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, glycosides, flavonoids, polyphenols, gums, and mucilage. The chromatographic evaluation of HAE was performed and resulted in the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids,...
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