Posted by admin on Jul 1, 2013 in |
Preservatives prolong the shelf-life of food, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals by preventing their spoilage. Antimicrobials such as nitrites, nitrates, benzoates and sulfur dioxide destroy or delay the growth of bacteria, yeast and molds. Anti-oxidants such as butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT), butylated hydroxy anisole (BHA), and propyl gallate slow or stop the breakdown of fats and oils. Anti-enzymatic preservatives such as citric and erythorbic acids block the enzymatic processes such as ripening occurring in foodstuffs even after harvest. Natural substances like salt, sugar, vinegar and spices have been used as preservatives since time immemorial. The majority of preservatives used today are artificial rather than natural. Several of them are toxic and several others have potentially life-threatening side effects. Researchers have reported that artificial preservatives such as nitrates, benzoates, sulfites, sorbates, parabens, formaldehyde, BHT, BHA and several others can cause serious health hazards such as hypersensitivity, allergy, asthma, hyperactivity, neurological damage and cancer. Research has proven that several natural preservatives obtained from plants, animals, microbes and minerals contain antioxidant, antimicrobial and antienzymatic properties. Extracts...
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Posted by admin on Jul 1, 2013 in |
Carissa spinarum L. is a small spinous evergreen shrub growing throughout India in dry regions.The plant used locally in Indian and Chinese system of medicines to cure various diseases. Carissa spinarum has also been used in the Ayurvedic medical system because of its therapeutic effects against liver disease, epileptic disease, microbial disease, cytotoxic, viral diseases.The isolated metabolites and crude extract have exhibited a wide of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological effect, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, anticonvulsant, anticancer, antiarthritic, antihelmintic, cytotoxic activity. A chemical study of this plant was then initiated, and this led to the isolation of 12 compounds, including a coumarin, two cardiac glycosides and nine lignans. These isolated compounds were evaluated for several biological activities, including antiherpetic, cytotoxic, antioxidant and antibacterial effects.A shrub, Carissa spinarum have emerged as a good source of the traditional medicines for the treatment of inflammation, arthritis, microbial infection, epilepsy, viral infection, cancer disease. Pharmacological results have validated the use of this species in the traditional medicines. Some bioassays are difficult reproduce...
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Posted by admin on Jul 1, 2013 in |
The article attempts to discuss the issues associated with technology transfer in the pharmaceutical industry. A major decision focuses on that point where the idea or process is advanced from a research- oriented program to target toward commercialization. The success of any program is highly dependent on the effectiveness of the communication preceding its implementation. The ultimate goal for successful technology transfer is to have documented evidence that the manufacturing processes for drug substances and drug product, respectively, are robust and effective in producing the drug substances and drug product complying with the registered specifications and Good Manufacturing Practice requirements. The Pharmaceutical Technology Transfer activities are to transfer product and process knowledge between development and manufacturing, and within or between manufacturing sites to achieve product realisation. This knowledge forms the basis for the manufacturing process, control strategy, process validation approach and ongoing continual improvement. To take all the gathered knowledge and use it as the basis for the manufacturing control strategy, the approach to process qualification and on-going continuous...
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Posted by admin on Jun 1, 2013 in |
The new Ru (II) complex [Ru(4-Et-py)4(dppz)]2+ (dppz = dipyrido phenazine) have been synthesized and characterized by different analytical techniques like elemental analysis, LC-MS, 1H NMR , 13C NMR. The interaction of this complex with calf thymus DNA has been explored by U.V. absorption spectroscopy, Fluorescence measurements, and viscosity measurements. Their photocleavage behavior towards pBR 322 and anti-bacterial properties of this complex was also investigated. The experimental results show that the complex binds with DNA by intercalation...
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Posted by admin on Jun 1, 2013 in |
Topical corticosteroids have long been the chronic stage in the treatment of steroid responsive dermatitis. Creams containing 0.05% w/w Clobetasol-17-propionate (CP) as active ingredient are categorized as super potent class I topical dermatological corticosteroids. For the drug molecule to reach the cutaneous microcirculation, enhance, the systemic circulation, have to transverse both the lipophilic stratum cornium and much more viable epidermis. Penetration enhancers are thought to intact with one component of skin causing the stratum cornium to swell or leach out some of the structural component their by increasing the drug penetration to the barrier membrane. The current study was carried out to study the effect of various penetration enhancers such as oleic acid (OA), isopropyl myristate (IPM), polysorbate 80 (PS) and thymol (TM) on topical delivery of Clobetasol-17-propionate (CP) and was evaluated in-vitro using cellophane membrane as well as rat skin mounted in Franz diffusion cell. CP was analyzed spectrophotometrically at 240 nm. The efficiency of penetration enhancers to improvise topical delivery of CP was observed in the order...
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