Posted by admin on Jun 1, 2014 in |
Three Simple, rapid, sensitive, accurate and precise stability-indicating spectrophotometric methods was developed for the determination of cefdinir in bulk powder and in pharmaceutical preparation. Method (A) Ratio derivative method(1DD); is used for the determination of intact cefdinir in presence of its degradation product at 307 nm in the range of 2 – 14 µg ml-1 with LOD of 0.049 µg ml-1 and LOQ of 0.162 µg ml-1. Method (B) Ratio difference method ;is based on measuring the difference in the amplitude of intact cefdinir in presence of its degradation product at two different wavelengths ,this is done at 219 nm and 250 nm in the range of 2 – 14 µg ml-1 with LOD of 0.050 µg ml-1 and LOQ of 0.165 µg ml-1. Method (C) First derivative method(1D); is used for the determination of intact cefdinir in presence of its degradation product at 304 nm in the range of 2 – 14 µg ml-1 with LOD of 0.034 µg ml-1 and LOQ of 0.114 µg ml-1. The methods...
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Posted by admin on Jun 1, 2014 in |
The objective of this study was to characterize the non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants and Scavenging activities of different extracts (Petroleum ether, Benzene, Chloroform, Acetone, Ethanol, Methanol and Water) of dried flowers powder of Blepharis molluginifolia (Acanthaceae). Enzymatic antioxidant activity such as Superoxide Dismutase, Glutathione –S-transferase, peroxidase and Catalase of B. molluginifolia flowers were high in methanol extract. Non enzymatic antioxidants like Tocopherol, Ascorbic acid, Phenols, Carotenoids and Lycopene were analysed. Acetone extract showed highest Total Phenol content and Vitamin-C were 100.66±1.5 mg GAE/gm & 52.08±2.42 mg/gm respectively. Scavenging activities like DPPH, ABTS and H2O2 were high in Methanol extract. In this study, the non-enzymatic antioxidant activity was found to be significant, which prove to be a better scavenger of free radical in comparison to enzymatic extracts in the shade dried...
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Posted by admin on Jun 1, 2014 in |
The present study investigates neuroprotective effect of hydroxy citric acid (50%) on phenytoin induced cognitive impairment and oxidative stress in rats.Male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups and each group received vehicle, phenytoin (25mg/kg, i.p) and hydroxy citric acid (400 and 800mg/kg, orally) for 14 days respectively. Memory and learning was evaluated by using the Rectangular maze, Morris water maze and Locomotor activity were evaluated. On day 14, animals were sacrificed, brain tissue was dissected. The Acetylcholine Esterase (AChE) levels, antioxidants levels were estimated in the brain homogenate.The histopathological studies were done to check for the gross changes in histology. Phenytoin (25mg/kg, i.p) produced significant deficits in learning and memory as indicated by significant increase transfer latency in rectangular maze, Morris water maze and decrease number of counts in Actophotometer. It also produced significant elevation in brain AChE, MDA levels along with reduction in Catalase and DPPH levels. Hyrdroxy citric acid (400 and 800mg/kg) orally, when co-administered with phenytoin, significantly prevented phenytoin induced cognitive impairment, oxidative stress and...
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Posted by admin on Jun 1, 2014 in |
The antibacterial activity of the hexane, methanol, and water extracts of Tamarindus indica, Azadirachta indica, Cucumis sativus, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Switenia mahagoni, and Psidium guajava extensively used in traditional medicine were investigated. The disc diffusion assay method was used for the evaluation of the antibacterial activity of these extracts against 11 bacteria species. Kanamycin (30 µg /disc) was used as a standard antibacterial agent. The results indicated that all the six plant species (not all extracts) showed a moderate antibacterial activity against a wide variety of gram positive and gram negative bacteria at a concentration of 500 µg/disc. The hexane extract of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Switenia mahagoni revealed the moderate antibacterial activity against 10 and 6 bacteria respectively with zone of inhibition of 10-19 mm. The methanol extract of Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Psidium guajava, and Switenia mahagoni also exhibited antibacterial activity against 6, 4 and 5 bacteria respectively with a zone of inhibition of 9-15 mm whereas the water extract of Azadirachta indica and Cucumis sativus was only active against only...
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Posted by admin on Jun 1, 2014 in |
The present experiment was designed to assess oxidative stress, if any, caused by diethyl phthalate and its amelioration by Nigella sativa seed extract. For this, the liver and kidney homogenates were treated with different concentrations (10-40 µg/mL) of DEP with or without Nigella sativa seed extract. Lipid peroxidation, a marker for oxidative stress along with total protein content was analyzed. The results revealed that DEP (10-40 µg/mL) caused, significant and concentration – dependent increase in lipid peroxidation, whereas protein content reduced significantly. Maximum effect on lipid peroxidation was obtained with 40 µg/mL DEP concentration and hence used for further studies. On addition of Nigella sativa seed extract(25-200 μg/mL) along with DEP (40 µg/mL) significantly reduced DEP – induced lipid peroxidation in a concentration-dependent manner. However, protein content was higher as compared to toxin alone treated ones. The effect of both DEP alone and DEP along with Nigella sativa seed extract were almost similar in liver and kidney homogenates. It is concluded from the present study that supplementation of Nigella...
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