Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2026 in |
Background: Neonatal sepsis is a life-threatening systemic infection caused by bacteria, fungi, or viruses, characterized by hemodynamic instability and variable clinical presentations. Early and accurate diagnosis remains challenging and typically relies on a combination of clinical assessment, laboratory parameters, and microbiological confirmation, most commonly through blood culture. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Government Institute of Medical Sciences (GIMS), Greater Noida, from June 1, 2024, to May 31, 2025. A total of 511 blood samples from neonates with suspected sepsis were processed using the automated BACTEC blood culture system. Isolates were identified and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the VITEK 2 Compact system. Results: Of the 511 suspected cases, 144 (28.2%) were culture-positive. Fungal isolates (budding yeast cells) were the most frequent, accounting for 63 (43.8%) cases, followed by Gram-negative bacilli in 54 (37.5%) cases and Gram-positive cocci in 27 (18.8%) cases. Among fungal pathogens, Candida albicans was predominant (46 isolates; 31.9%), with a higher proportion observed in early-onset sepsis (43.7%) compared...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2026 in |
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia resulting from impaired insulin secretion, insulin action, or both, leading to serious long-term complications. Glibenclamide, a widely used sulfonylurea antidiabetic drug, is effective in stimulating insulin secretion; however, its therapeutic performance can be influenced by pharmacokinetic variability and potential drug interactions. Natural bioactive compounds are increasingly explored as adjunct therapies to improve glycemic control and drug efficacy. Hesperidin, a flavonoid glycoside abundantly found in citrus fruits, possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic properties and may influence drug metabolism and pharmacological responses. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of hesperidin on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of Glibenclamide in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Pharmacokinetic interaction studies were performed in both normal and diabetic Wistar rats by administering Glibenclamide alone and in combination with hesperidin under single-dose and multiple-dose conditions. Plasma concentrations of Glibenclamide were determined using a validated RP-HPLC method, and key pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. Pharmacodynamic activity was assessed by monitoring blood glucose levels at various time intervals...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2026 in |
Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), primarily driven by atherosclerosis, remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by lipid accumulation, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress and plaque formation, ultimately leading to Acute Myocardial Infarction. Maaradaippu chooranam, a classical siddha polyherbal formulation mentioned in Theraiyar Vaithiyam-1000 has been traditionally used in the management of cardiovascular diseases. However, its molecular mechanisms remain unexplored, warranting a systematic investigation using computational approach. Objective: To explore the potential multi-component, multi-target interactions of Maaradaippu chooranam in the context of atherosclerosis using a hypothesis-generating in-silico approach. Methods: Phytocompounds associated with constituent herbs were collected from literature and databases. ADME properties were predicted using SwissADME with defined selection criteria. Target prediction was performed using SwissTargetPrediction (Homo sapiens, probability threshold ≥0.1). Atherosclerosis-related targets were retrieved from GeneCards and DisGeNET using defined keywords and score thresholds. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis, enrichment analysis, and molecular docking were performed. Results: A total of 40 literature-derived compounds were identified, of which 23 were retained after ADME...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2026 in |
Background: Cholecystectomy is one of the most frequently performed abdominal surgeries worldwide for symptomatic gallstones and inflammatory gallbladder lesions. Routine histopathological examination remains the gold standard for detection of inflammatory, premalignant and malignant lesions, while immunohistochemistry is reserved for selected diagnostically challenging malignant cases. Objective: To analyze the spectrum of histopathological lesions in cholecystectomy specimens and to perform detailed histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of gallbladder carcinoma cases. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional record-based study included all cholecystectomy specimens received over a 5-year period from 1st June 2019 to 31st May 2024. Histopathology records, gross descriptions, and microscopic slides were reviewed. Cases with incomplete records or autolyzed specimens were excluded. Missing clinicodemographic or gross data fields were recorded as unavailable and excluded from variable-specific analysis without excluding the case from overall histopathological spectrum analysis. Statistical analysis included Chi-square test and comparative clinicopathological correlation. Results: Among 2063 specimens, chronic cholecystitis was the most common lesion followed by cholesterolosis, acute on chronic cholecystitis and carcinoma gallbladder. Female predominance was observed in...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2026 in |
The aim of the present investigation is to synthesize and characterize silver nanoparticles (AgNP) for their antibacterial activities. Aqueous frond extract of Pteris vittata L. was used for synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The phytosynthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Vis spectrophotometer, SEM, TEM, FE-SEM, EDS, FT-IR. Morphologically, they are spherical in shape where average size was found to be 28 nm. Phytosynthesized silver nanoparticles were further studied for their antibacterial potential. Various concentrations of silver nanoparticles were used to check antibacterial activity against E. coli (ATCC 25922) strain. Stock solution of silver nanoparticles was prepared in DMSO at 1mg/ml. Among various concentrations studied, 350 µg/ml was effective and showed optimum zone of inhibition (13 mm diameter). Hence, the present study is beneficial to focus on effective use of Pteris vittata L. for the green synthesis of AgNP’s with minimum amount of plant material as well as independent of specific pH or temperature...
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