Posted by admin on Feb 1, 2012 in |
Gastroretentive delivery systems can be retained in the stomach and assist in improving absorption and consequently the bioavailability of drug that has a narrow absorption window in a particular region of gastrointestinal tract. A floatable multiparticulate system with potential for intragastric sustained delivery is one of the approaches to get the gastroretention. Cinnarizine(CNZ), an antihistaminic drug used in vertigo caused by meniere’s disease was taken as a model drug for floating beads prepared by non effervescent method. Floating CNZ olive oil-entrapped emulsion gel beads were prepared by the emulsion–gelation method. Different concentrations of sodium alginate (1%, 2%, and 3% w/v), oil (5%, 10%, and 15% v/v), and calcium chloride (0.02, 0.1, and 0.5M) were used and their influence on beads uniformity, buoyancy, and in vitro drug release was studied. The results indicated that retardation of drug release was achieved by the oil hydrophobic diffusion barrier, especially in the presence of the compact network of alginate beads. The selected formula of calcium alginate beads using 3% w/v sodium alginate, 15%...
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Posted by admin on Feb 1, 2012 in |
Crude ethanol and methanol extracts from dried and fresh leaves of Simarouba glauca were tested for their inhibitory activity against two food borne pathogenic microorganisms (Staphylococcus aeureus and Escherichia coli) and two food spoilage microorganism (Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeurogenosa). Screening for antimicrobial activity using well diffusion assay showed the inhibition against entire tested microorganisms. On the other hand the maximum zone of inhibition was recorded of fresh leaves methanol extract (FLM) about 11 mm against Escherichia coli and the lowest zone of inhibition was recorded of fresh leaves methanol extract (FLM) about 2 mm against Bacillus subtilis. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC’s) of extracts were determined using agar dilution method on the same test microorganisms. Fresh leaves methanol (FLM) extract gave MIC value ranging from 160 to 10,240 parts per million (ppm). Result showed that the Bacillus subtilis was the most sensitive...
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Posted by admin on Feb 1, 2012 in |
Riboflavin binding protein (RfBP) was isolated from the eggs of Aquila hastate (eagle). The protein was purified in two steps, DEAE – Sepharose ion exchange chromatography and gelfilteration on Sephadex G-100. The holoprotein had an absorption spectrum characteristic of flavoproteins. The purity of the protein was judged by SDS-PAGE technique. A single band on the slab and cylindrical gel revealed that the protein was pure comparison of the mobility of RfBP with that of the standard molecular weight marker proteins suggested that RfBP from the egg white of Aquila hastate had a molecular weight close to 29...
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Posted by admin on Feb 1, 2012 in |
The antibacterial activity of methanol extract of Abutilon indicum, Hygrophila spinosa and Mimosa pudica were studied by agar well diffusion method in vitro. The effect of antibacterial potential was examined against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Proteus vulgaris, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi. The methanol extract of these medicinal plants have showed consistently significant inhibitory activity on different bacterial pathogens tested. Furthermore, the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) studies carried out by broth dilution assay and found the MIC ranged between 0.2 to 0.9mg/ml. Overall the methanol extracts was found to be more effective. The results of the extracts were compared with the standard antibiotics...
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Posted by admin on Feb 1, 2012 in |
This study assessed the level of compliance using three different methods: pill count, self report and peak expiratory flow rate, in asthmatic patients attending a secondary health care facility. Self report (using a pre-tested structured questionnaire), peak expiratory flow rate and pill count were used to assess patient’s compliance and identify the factors which may be responsible for non compliance. Measurement of peak flow rate and the pill count were done at two different occasions. The data obtained was analysed using descriptive statistics. The study showed that the patients were prescribed a range of one to four drugs: 54% (3 drugs), 32% (2 drugs), 8% (4 drugs) and 2% (1 drug). The levels of compliance were 86.57% for self report and 83.56% for pill count (p > 0.05). Reasons given for non compliance were: apparent wellness (33.31%), forgetfulness (26.67%), cost of drugs (6.67%), dysphagia (6.67%), presence of non-disturbing symptoms (6.67%), side effects (6.67%), ignorance/fear of addiction (6.67%), perceived lack of benefit from treatment (6.67%), and lethargy towards chronic medication...
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