Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2022 in |
Purpose: The present study has been designed to investigate the protective effect of methanolic extract of Albizia odoratissima (AO) bark in prevention of streptozotocin (STZ) induced-diabetic nephropathy (DN) in Wistar rats. Methods: Healthy Wistar rats of either sex weighing 180-200g were employed in the present study. Experimental diabetes was induced in rats by injecting STZ at a dose of 45 mg/kg (i.p.). Assessment of DN was done by estimating glucose level in blood and urine samples. Moreover, different antioxidant parameters like catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in kidney tissue samples were assessed. Additionally, inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-1 (IL-1), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were assessed in renal tissue. Results: Methanolic extract of AO bark (AOB) has shown significant prevention against diabetes-associated nephropathy. The bark extract decreased glucose levels both in urine and blood sample. The AO extract, either alone or in combination with a standard drug (glibenclamide) showed a significant reduction in oxidative stress in renal tissue, as demonstrated...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2022 in |
Background Diclofenac Potassium is the potassium salt form of diclofenac, a benzene acetic acid derivate, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activity. Aim: Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to formulate and evaluate liquid-filled hard gelatin capsules of diclofenac potassium. Methods: The liquid-filled soft gelatin capsules were prepared by using PEG 400, propylene glycol and water mixture under temp of 900 C followed by adding PVA, Cremophore EL, Labrasol and in last diclofenac potassium was finally added to the mixture under stirring. The final formulation was filled in a hard gelatin capsule, and the hand band seal was performed. Physico-Chemical Evaluation: A total fifteen liquid-filled hard gelatin capsule formulations were prepared (F-1 to F-15) and evaluated for weight variation test, lock length, drug content, nephelometric turbidity units (NTU) and in-vitro release study. Results: The drug content ranged from 92.76±0.12 to 99.25 ±0.19. The results indicated that the drug content was uniform in all the formulations. The disintegration time ranges from 130 sec to 232 sec. In-vitro dissolution study...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2022 in |
To investigate the hepatoprotective activity of Coccinia grandis fruit extract against anti-tubercular drugs induced hepatotoxicity in rats. 50% ethanolic extract of Coccinia grandis (CGE 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight) was administered daily for 9 days in experimental animals. To develop hepatotoxicity, animals were administered orally with Isoniazid (50 mg/kg, p.o.) and Rifampicin (100 mg/kg, p.o.) at 2 h after the doses of CGE every day for nine consecutive days except for rats in the normal group. The hepatoprotective activity was determined using different biochemical parameters such asalanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), albumin (ALB), Bilirubin (BIL), Cholesterol (CHL) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Histopathological examinations further accomplished the hepatoprotective effect of the CDE. The results obtained demonstrated that the treatment with Coccinia grandis significantly (P<0.05-P<0.001) and dose-dependently prevented the drug-induced increase in serum levels of hepatic enzymes. Histopathology of liver tissue showed that Coccinia grandis attenuated the hepatocellular necrosis, regeneration, and repair of cells toward normal. The results of this study strongly indicate the protective effect of...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2022 in |
A simple, specific, accurate, reliable, and precise reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed by quality by design approach and validated for the estimation of Capecitabine in bulk and tablet dosage forms. A surface methodology was used to optimize the data with a three-level Box Behnken Design (BBD) was used. Mobile phase composition, flow rate, and column oven temperature were chosen as the three variables. The linearity was over the concentration range of 1-15 μg/ml with a correlation coefficient of 0.999. The LOD and LOQ were found to be 0.103 ug/mL and 0.313 ug/mL, respectively. Chromatographic separation was carried out by using a mobile phase of methanol: water (70:30 V/V) on Kromasil C18 column (250 mm X 4.6mm ID, 5 μm) in an isocratic mode at a flow rate of 0.9 ml/min with UV detection at 239 nm. The developed RP-HPLC method yielded a suitable retention time for Capecitabine of 4.70 min, which was optimized using the Design-Expert version 7.0.0. The percentage recovery was found to be 99.81%. The...
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Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2022 in |
A new, precise, and sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromatography method for simultaneous estimating Telmisartan and Azelnidipine in bulk and tablet dosage form was developed and validated. The chromatographic separation was achieved by using the HSS C18 (100 x 2.1 mm, 1.8m) column. A mixture of buffer and ACN (70:30 v/v) was pumped through the column at a flow rate 0.3 mL/min. The temperature was maintained at 30 °C, eluents were monitored at 260 nm, and Telmisartan and Azelnidipine retention time was 1.636 min. and 1.153 min. The method obeys the Beer-Lambert’s law in the range of 20-120 μg/mL (Telmisartan) and 2-12 μg/mL (Azelnidipine) with regression equations as y = 15673x + 11440 and y = 16761x + 597.17 respectively. Assay (%) was obtained as 99.94 % w/w and 98.96 % w/w for Telmisartan and Azelnidipine, respectively. The force degradation studies were performed under conditions like acidic, alkaline, oxidation, thermal, photolytic, and water. According to ICH guidelines, the methods were validated for system suitability, linearity, accuracy, precision, sensitivity, robustness, LOD, and...
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