Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2016 in |
The present study highlights the occurrence of β-lactamase (bla) genes belonging to different classes: extended spectrum β-lactamase genes (blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M and blaPER), metallo β-lactamase genes (blaNDM and blaGIM and Ampicillin class C genes (blaPDC and blaCMY) in P. aeruginosa isolates by PCR amplification. The isolates were recovered from human patients of Indira Gandhi Medical College & Hospital at Shimla in the state of Himachal Pradesh (India). We have previously detected different β-lactamases in 180 confirmed isolates of P. aeruginosa by phenotypic methods in our laboratory. Such isolates have been characterized in the present study for their genotypes in respect of the specified genes. Of the 56 phenotypically ESBL positive isolates, the ESBL genes (blaTEM, blaSHV and blaCTX-M) could be amplified in 14 (25%), 1 (1.78%) and 6 (10.71%) isolates respectively. Of these, three isolates had both blaTEM & blaCTX-M genes. Of the 29 phenotypically MBL positive isolates, the blaNDM could be amplified in 11 (37.93%) isolates only. However, no amplification was achieved in case of blaGIM gene. AmpC-type...
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Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2016 in |
The methanolic extract (ME) of leaves of Ficus religiosa (Family: Moraceae) was evaluated for their wound healing activity in rats. It was carried out in rats by employing excision wound models following topical application. The qualitative preliminary phytochemical analysis of ME indicated the presence of tannins, triterpenoids, alkaloids and steroids. All healthy animals of either sex were grouped into four groups and each group contains six rats. The rats of ointment (5 and 10 %w/w) of ME treated were compared to povidone-iodine ointment treated as a standard. The results of present work revealed that the 10%w/w ointment of ME of Ficus religiosa treated wounds showed significant reduction of wound contraction area as compared to control and indicated rapid...
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Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2016 in |
Mangrove survives in the most hostile environment with fluctuating tidal and saline regime. The present work focused on a detailed study on quantitative estimation of phytoconstituents and DPPH radical scavenging activity of Excoecaria agallocha L., a mangrove from Kattiparambu and Chirackal of Ernakulam District, Kerala. Preliminary phytochemical investigation indicated the presence of biologically active metabolites of leaf, stem and root of the plant in different solvents. Methanol and hexane gave maximum results. Since the plant grows in stress conditions showed the presence of amino acids. Recorded values for high protein in leaf (4.8%), stem (1.93%), Carbohydrate in the root (11.17%) at Chirackal. Phenols (6.02%), flavanoids (3.6%) and tannins (5.68%) was observed in leaf samples of the species at Chirackal. Methanolic extract showed maximum free radical scavenging activity (IC50-141.56µg/ml) in leaf samples and stem showed minimum (IC50-931.3µg/ml) in chloroform extract. The range of DPPH radical scavenging activity in the solvent is Methanol > Ethyl acetate > Ethanol >...
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Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2016 in |
Previous studies have demonstrated that the activation of adenosine A2B receptors increases adenosine 3′-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) accumulation in rat skeletal muscle cells, which is probably an important yet unknown mechanism contributing to the regulation of skeletal muscle functions. via rat L6 skeletal muscle cells, it has been elucidated further potential molecular signaling responsible for adenosine A2B receptor modulations via quantitative real-time PCR assays (probe-based). The results of the present study has shown for the first time that NECA alters the expression of PGC-1α significantly in both one week and 19 hours starved skeletal muscle cells (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively) (2.5 and -0.58 fold change compared to vehicle, respectively). Adenosine A2B receptors mediate NECA-modulated PGC-1α mRNA gene expression in skeletal muscle cells. To our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating an induction of PGC-1α gene by CGS 21680 significantly (P<0.001) (around 1.8 fold change compared to vehicle). In the current study, NECA (10 μM) increases NR4A1 and NR4A3 mRNA gene expression significantly (P<0.05) (around 2.7 and 5.2 -fold change...
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Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2016 in |
Adenosine is a strong modulator of gene expression, which underpins some of its potential expected effects in skeletal muscle in terms of fatty acid metabolism. Accumulating evidence highlights a critical role for the adenosine system in the regulation of fatty acid metabolism and obesity. However, its molecular signaling role in fatty acid transport and oxidation in skeletal muscle is less clear. The aim of the present study was to examine whether acute and chronic treatment of skeletal muscle cells in vitro with stable adenosine analogue NECA, selective adenosine A2B receptors antagonist/inverse agonist PSB 603, and/or selective adenosine A2A receptors agonist CGS 21680 affects mRNA expression of key metabolic genes in skeletal muscle. Rat L6 skeletal muscle cells were treated with NECA, PSB 603 and CGS 21680 for determination the mRNA expression of genes involved in fatty acid transport and oxidation (CPT1B, ACCβ and LCAD) using QRT-PCR (Probe-based). The results of the present study have shown for the first time that NECA alters the expression of a number of genes...
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