Posted by admin on Mar 30, 2015 in |
Aim of this study was to compare bupivacaine heavy ( 0.5% ) 3ml with isobaric ropivacaine (0.75% ) 3ml, intrathecally in patients posted for lower abdominal and lower limb surgery for sensory and motor effects and hemodynamic stability. 100 patients aged 12 years or older (ASA grade I, II, III) scheduled for various lower abdominal and lower limb surgeries were randomly distributed in two groups. In group B (n= 50) 15 mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine (0.5%, 3ml) and in group R (n=50) 21.5 mg of isobaric ropivacaine (0.75%, 3ml) was given intrathecally. All observations were recorded and analyzed statistically by using unpaired t-test and P- value < 0.05 was considered significant. No statistically significant difference in onset of sensory blockade up to T10, onset of motor block (grade “I”), mean duration of analgesia and side effects was observed between both groups. Statistically significant difference in onset of motor blockade at grade “III” was observed between group B and R. Statistically significant mean duration of sensory and motor blockage was...
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Posted by admin on Mar 30, 2015 in |
Ethnopharmacological relevance: A preliminary ethnobotanical survey of diabetic patients in Health Community Centre Sering, Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia from 2010-2011 revealed Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) as the most commonly used herb in the traditional management of diabetes mellitus. Yet, no substantial pharmacological evidences are available to validate this claim. Material and methods: A survey on the traditional herbs used among 264 diabetic outpatients attending the Health Community Centre Sering, Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia was carried out from January 2010-April 2011. The most commonly used herb was then extracted serially with petroleum ether (PEE), chloroform (CE), methanol (ME) and water (WE); and the extracts were used for detailed anti-diabetic evaluation in both non-diabetic rats (NDR) and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (SDR). Results: The most commonly used herb was Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) leaf. In NDR, the increasing on blood glucose levels (BGLs) of intraperitoneal glucose-loaded rats (1g/kg) were not significantly altered by PEE, CE, and ME (1 g/kg) within 120 minutes after glucose loading. However, the BGL in WE group was significantly altered...
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Posted by admin on Apr 6, 2014 in |
The present study was carried out to investigate the diuretic activity of the ethanolic extract of Teucrium polium L. Capitatum (Lamiaceae)in normal albino rats. The diuretic activity of extract was evaluated by determining the urine volume and electrolyte concentration in albino rats (n=4). Furosemide (20 mg/kg) was used as the reference diuretic drug while normal saline (0.9%) was used as control. Alcoholic extract of the drug (25 mg/kg and 50mg/kg) were used as tests. Urine output and electrolytes (Na+, K+ and Cl−) excretion were estimated at the end of 8 hours. Ethanolic eextract has significantly increased the volume of urine (6.70±0.09ml/100g/8hr and 8.40 ±0.46ml/100gm/8hr), and has also increased the diuretic index to 1.09 and 1.37 for 25mg/kg and 50mg/kg dose ranges respectively (P< 0.01). The test drug, when compared to the control group, displayed a significant increase in the excretion of potassium and chloride. There was an increase in the saluretic index as reflected by the Na+/K+ ratio to 5.03 and 5.44 respectively for the two dosages studied when...
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Posted by admin on Apr 4, 2014 in |
Oxadiazole is a heterocyclic compound containing an oxygen atom and two nitrogen atoms in a five membered ring. It is derived from furan by substitution of two methylene groups (=CH) with two pyridine type nitrogens (-N=). It is also termed as a lead compound for designing the potent bioactive agents. It has been reported as a surrogate of carboxylic acid and an important synthons in organic chemistry. It exists in four isomeric forms 1,3,4-oxadiazole, 1,2,4-oxadiazole, 1,2,3-oxadiazole and 1,2,5-oxadiazole. Out of all four isomers of oxadiazole, 1,3,4-Oxadiazole is found to possess variety of chemical and biological applications. 1,3,4-oxadiazole nucleus have been reported a very important nucleus in organic and medicinal chemistry and more widely studied by researchers because of its versatile chemical and biological properties. It has been found to possess antimicrobial, antioxidant, antifungal, cytotoxicity, anticonvulsant, antitumor, tyrosinase enzyme activity, DENV2 inhibitory activity, anti-Trypanosoma cruzi, focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibitors, analgesic, HIV-1 integrase inhibitors, XDR and MDR tuberculosis, immunosuppressive activity. This review article describes the various biological activities associated with 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring...
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Posted by admin on Apr 1, 2014 in |
Diabetes mellitus basically a chronic metabolic disorder that results in boosting up blood glucose level to higher concentrations. It is associated with bunch of diseases. To overcome patient’s common problems i.e. throat pain, vomiting, non-compliance, inconvenience and ineffective therapy plan or to enhance patient compliance and effectiveness of therapy scientists have launched orodispersible tablets to attract patients for improving their quality of life. Methods of preparation along with superdisintegrants are the major players in the success of this dosage form. In the present work, antidiabetic orodispersible tablets (ODT’s) containing drugs (Metformin HCl and Glibenclamide) and superdisintegrants (pregelatinize starch and sodium starch glyconate) were prepared by three different techniques i.e. direct compression, effervescent method and sublimation technology. Fifteen formulations (F1-F15) were prepared by using these techniques. Pre-compression studies including rheological analysis (Bulk density, Tapped density, Angle of repose, Carr’s compressibility index, Hausner’s ratio) and compatibility studies such as Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were performed. Post compression studies on various parameters i.e. tablet hardness, weight...
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