Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2026 in |
The aim of the present investigation is to synthesize and characterize silver nanoparticles (AgNP) for their antibacterial activities. Aqueous frond extract of Pteris vittata L. was used for synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The phytosynthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Vis spectrophotometer, SEM, TEM, FE-SEM, EDS, FT-IR. Morphologically, they are spherical in shape where average size was found to be 28 nm. Phytosynthesized silver nanoparticles were further studied for their antibacterial potential. Various concentrations of silver nanoparticles were used to check antibacterial activity against E. coli (ATCC 25922) strain. Stock solution of silver nanoparticles was prepared in DMSO at 1mg/ml. Among various concentrations studied, 350 µg/ml was effective and showed optimum zone of inhibition (13 mm diameter). Hence, the present study is beneficial to focus on effective use of Pteris vittata L. for the green synthesis of AgNP’s with minimum amount of plant material as well as independent of specific pH or temperature...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2026 in |
Huntington’s disease is a progressive neurological condition characterized by motor dysfunction, cognitive decline, and psychiatric disturbances. Recent studies indicate that abnormalities in DNA mismatch repair mechanisms, particularly involving the MSH3 protein, contribute to the expansion of CAG repeats and the progression of the disease. In the current investigation, an integrated in-silico strategy was employed to identify small molecules capable of interacting with the MSH3 protein and to evaluate their pharmacological suitability for therapeutic development. Primarily, selected phytochemicals and FDA approved reference drugs used in Huntington’s disease management, including tetrabenazine, deutetrabenazine, and valbenazine, were subjected to drug likeness and toxicity assessment using SwissADME and ProTox. Nine phytochemicals satisfied key ADMET criteria, demonstrating favorable gastrointestinal absorption, blood brain barrier permeability, and low predicted toxicity. Sequence similarity analysis using BLASTp confirmed the high conservation and correct identification of the MSH3 protein sequence, supporting its selection as a reliable computational target. Physicochemical analysis indicated that MSH3 possesses a slightly basic character, moderate conformational flexibility, and an overall hydrophilic nature. Structural validation using PROCHECK...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2026 in |
Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a rapidly increasing public health problem in India, with many patients eventually requiring insulin therapy due to progressive β-cell dysfunction. Despite strong evidence supporting insulin’s role in achieving glycaemic control and preventing complications, initiation of insulin is frequently delayed because of psychological insulin resistance (PIR). This study aimed to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to insulin therapy and to identify factors influencing insulin usage among patients with T2DM at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Gujarat. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted over three months (August–October 2023) at P.D.U. Medical College and Hospital, Rajkot, involving 100 adult patients with T2DM. Data were collected using a structured, validated questionnaire covering socio-demographic details, clinical characteristics, and knowledge, attitudes, and behavioural aspects related to insulin therapy. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data. Results: Among the 100 participants, 57 were receiving only oral hypoglycaemic agents and 43 were on insulin therapy for durations ranging from one month to ten years. While the...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2025 in |
Obesity is a complicated global health issue that necessitates novel therapeutic methods, as traditional treatments frequently fail to fulfill the different patient needs. Bilayer tablets, an advanced oral drug delivery technology, combine immediate-release and sustained-release layers in a single dosage form, allowing for quick symptom relief while maintaining stable plasma drug concentrations. This dual-action method improves therapeutic efficacy, lowers side effects, and increases patient adherence. Manufacturing advances, such as 3D printing and hot-melt extrusion, have improved the solubility, stability, and bioavailability of anti-obesity medications, underlining the promise of bilayer tablets to solve obesity-related issues. Additionally, adding artificial intelligence and precision medicine into bilayer tablet manufacturing allows for tailored drug combinations, optimal release profiles, and precise excipient selection. Emerging advances, such as biodegradable polymers and sensor-enabled systems, improve patient compliance, treatment monitoring, and sustainability. Despite its promise, difficulties like as manufacturing complexity, regulatory barriers, and high costs remain, necessitating additional research and innovation. Addressing these difficulties has the potential to unlock the full potential of bilayer tablets, revolutionizing obesity medicine...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2025 in |
This study explores buccal drug delivery as an alternative to traditional oral medications, emphasizing its advantages in bioavailability, drug stability, and therapeutic efficacy. Key formulation factors, including swelling index, drug content, folding endurance, and surface pH, are evaluated alongside various production techniques such as solvent casting, hot-melt extrusion, and freeze-drying. The study also examines emerging technologies like co-crystallization, lipid-based formulations, solid dispersion technology, 3D printing, and AI-driven formulation design, which enhance drug stability and solubility. Findings indicate that buccal films improve bioavailability by bypassing first-pass metabolism while advanced formulation techniques enhance the solubility of poorly soluble drugs. However, challenges such as formulation stability and drug load capacity necessitate further research into nanotechnology, smart polymers, and multilayer films to optimize controlled drug release and permeability. Buccal films offer a promising drug delivery platform for various therapeutic applications, including cancer treatment, cardiovascular diseases, smoking cessation, hormone therapy, and pain management. Future advancements in smart materials and nanotechnology can further enhance therapeutic outcomes, patient compliance, and drug delivery efficiency, positioning buccal films...
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