Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2025 in |
Vortioxetine, a well-established antidepressant for major depressive disorder, faces limitations in traditional formulations regarding patient compliance and rapid onset of action. Mouth dissolving tablets (MDTs) offer a patient-friendly alternative, particularly beneficial for drugs with narrow therapeutic windows. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate MDTs of vortioxetine using super disintegrants (Cros povidone, Croscarmellose sodium, Sodium starch glycolate), effervescent agents, and sublimation techniques. Twelve formulations (F1–F9) were prepared via direct compression, each containing 4 mg vortioxetine. The tablets were evaluated for physical properties (hardness, friability, disintegration time), drug content, dissolution profiles, and stability. Results indicated rapid disintegration (85% within 10 minutes). Stability studies over 45 days showed no significant changes in drug content or disintegration time. The optimized formulation (F9) demonstrated superior performance, with 98.5% drug release at 10 minutes. MDTs of vortioxetine present advantages such as enhanced patient compliance, ease of administration, and potential for faster therapeutic effects. This study underscores the potential of MDTs as a viable alternative to conventional tablets, particularly for patients with dysphagia. Further clinical...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2025 in |
Objective: Chronic periodontitis, an inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of teeth, is usually treated non-surgically by scaling and root planing. Minocycline is used as a local drug delivery and can be used as an adjunctive agent. The study aims to determine the efficacy of minocycline microspheres as a local drug delivery agent in treating chronic periodontitis. Methods: Randomized controlled trials investigating the efficacy of minocycline microspheres as local drug delivery agents in chronic periodontitis were included. Articles were retrieved from MEDLINE, EBSCO, Cochrane database, PUBMED, and Google Scholar in the English language from January 2000 up to January 2023. Articles retrieved were screened using specific inclusion criteria by four independent reviewers and analyzed using Rev Man 5.0 software. The measured outcomes were Probing Pocket Depth, Clinical Attachment Level, Plaque Index, and Gingival Index. Results: About 1288 patients aged above 30 were studied. In all the studies, the control group was treated with scaling and root planing alone, whereas the test group was treated with scaling and root planing...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2025 in |
Metformin used successfully by clinicians over the decades as a first-line treatment for hyperglycemia also it was a popular treatment for type-2 diabetes in those who are overweight, when diabetes is not controlled by a healthy diet and lifestyle changes. Genetic factors place an important role in modulating metformin efficacy and toxicity in which OCT- 1 was a major transporter of metformin so genetic polymorphism of OCT-1 largely influences the metformin response and toxicity. This review outlines the relation between OCT-1 variants and metformin induced gastrointestinal side effects with similar and varied results among studies and portrays the need for studies to prove the relation between metformin efficacy, gastrointestinal side effects, and genetic variation of OCT-1 so that future studies may contribute to personalized and safer metformin...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2025 in |
At present, the significant cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is said to be Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD). This condition considerably impacts cost of healthcare, mortality and morbidity worldwide. Current treatment options for DKD basically focusses on Blood Pressure (BP) regulation, glycemic control along with suppression of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS). The advancing nature of pathophysiology of DKD demands additional treatment options to reduce the ongoing chronic inflammation and oxidative stress as they are the key operators of renal dysfunction. In the current review, we put forward a novel, rationally designed antioxidant-Dapagliflozin combination as a single tablet formulation incorporating N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC), Taurine, Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) and Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) with Dapagliflozin to boost renoprotection in DKD. In this review, we have explored the pathophysiological rationale underlying this novel drug combination, its mechanism, synergistic potential, efficacy in preventing development of DKD at the cellular level and challenges in drug formulation. This is the first article to propose this novel combination by incorporating SGLT-2 inhibitor with antioxidants based on scientific rationale...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2025 in |
Background: Pharmacology education has evolved with the introduction of competency-based medical education (CBME). Traditional live animal experiments in pharmacology practical face ethical, logistical, and regulatory challenges. Computer-assisted learning (CAL) using animal simulation software offers an alternative that aligns with CPCSEA guidelines, emphasizing the 4Rs (Reduction, Refinement, Replacement, and Rehabilitation). Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of CAL as a teaching-learning and assessment tool for 2nd MBBS students and to analyze student feedback on the use of CAL software in pharmacology practical. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted among 125 2nd MBBS students at Tezpur Medical College. Students participated in a CAL session on the “Effect of drugs on the rabbit eye”. Pre-test and Post-test MCQs scores were recorded. Assessment was conducted using CAL software in an examination mode. Feedback was collected using a structured questionnaire based on the Likert scale. Data analysis was done. Results: The mean pre-test score was 36%, while the post-test score improved significantly to 71% (p<0.05). The proportion of students scoring between...
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