Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2026 in |
Mucoadhesive drug delivery systems represent an advanced strategy in pharmaceutical formulation design, utilizing polymers that enable prolonged contact between the drug delivery system and mucosal surfaces. The term mucoadhesion refers to the ability of a formulation containing a suitable natural or synthetic polymer to adhere to mucus layers or epithelial tissues. These systems have gained considerable attention owing to the high permeability and extensive vascularization of mucosal membranes, which facilitate rapid drug absorption into systemic circulation. Certain mucoadhesive routes such as buccal and nasal delivery may partially avoid hepatic first-pass metabolism and improve bioavailability depending on the physicochemical characteristics of the drug and the site of administration. Mucoadhesive polymers are employed in a wide range of pharmaceutical dosage forms, including tablets, gels, patches, powders, films, tapes, and semisolid preparations, to enable both local and systemic drug delivery through various mucosal routes. Polymers such as polyethylene glycol, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, sodium alginate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, guar gum, tragacanth, acacia, and related cellulose derivatives have been extensively explored due to their strong mucoadhesive...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2026 in |
The increasing demand for natural, low-calorie sweeteners has driven innovation beyond first-generation plant derived glycosides. While advanced steviol glycosides such as rebaudioside M have achieved commercial success, mogrosides from Siraitia grosvenorii and Siamenoside I from Siraitia siamensis are emerging as promising next-generation monk fruit sweeteners. These cucurbitane type triterpene glycosides exhibit high sweetness potency, favorable safety profiles, and improved sensory characteristics compared with earlier monk fruit extracts. This paper summarizes the chemistry, sensory properties, production technologies, safety, regulatory status of mogrosides and Siamenoside I, and discusses future opportunities for their commercialization in beverage and food applications. Additionally, the paper presents research data of Siamenoside I from sensory evaluations supporting its functional and sensory...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2026 in |
Background: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a major global health problem, especially affecting children, women, and pregnant females. In Ayurveda, IDA can be correlated with Pandu Roga, which is associated with impaired digestion (Mandagni) and defective formation of Rakta Dhatu. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most frequent hematological disorder in children, with an incidence in industrialized countries of 20.1% between 0 and 4 years of age and 5.9% between 5 and 14 years (39 and 48.1% in developing countries). Objective: To critically review the available classical and contemporary evidence on the safety and therapeutic potential of Tryushanadi Mandura in the management of iron deficiency anemia. Material and Mathods: A narrative literature review was conducted using Ayurvedic classical texts such as Chakradutta and electronic databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Medline. Relevant articles on formulation components, pharmacological actions, and anemia management were screened. The index, non-index medical journals has also referred to collect information of relevant topic. Results: The formulation contains multiple herbal and mineral ingredients with reported Deepana,...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2026 in |
Background: Interindividual variability in response to sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors may be influenced by genetic polymorphisms affecting drug transport and metabolism. Variants in the SLC5A2 and UGT1A9 genes may influence therapeutic response, pharmacokinetics, and susceptibility to adverse effects associated with SGLT2 inhibitors. However, population-specific pharmacogenomic data for the Indian population remain limited. Objective: To compare allele frequencies of selected SLC5A2 and UGT1A9 variants and predict their potential pharmacogenetic implications for SGLT2 inhibitor response in the Indian population using in-silico analysis. Methods: This in-silico pharmacogenomic study analyzed selected SLC5A2 variants (rs9934336, rs3813008) and UGT1A9 variants (rs2741049, rs72551330) using publicly available genomic databases including IndiGenomes and the 1000 Genomes Project. Functional annotation and pathogenicity prediction were performed using dbSNP, Ensembl, SIFT, PolyPhen-2, Mutation Assessor, and MutationTaster tools. Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium-based genotype simulations were used to estimate potential pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic variability associated with SGLT2 inhibitor therapy. All findings represent computational predictions derived from publicly available genomic datasets. Results: The Indian population demonstrated distinct allele frequencies for rs9934336 (0.1753), rs3813008 (0.2889), rs2741049 (0.6791),...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2026 in |
Background: Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 (OATP1B1), encoded by the SLCO1B1 gene, plays an important role in hepatic uptake of atorvastatin. Genetic polymorphisms in SLCO1B1 may alter atorvastatin response. Objective: To assess the association of SLCO1B1 rs2306283 (c.388A>G) polymorphism with lipid lowering response to atorvastatin in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) attending a tertiary care center in North India. Methods: A total of 121 patients were screened, of whom 91 eligible patients were enrolled. Eighty patients completed the 8-week follow-up and were included in final analysis. Newly diagnosed patients with MetS received atorvastatin 20 mg once daily for 8 weeks. Genotyping for SLCO1B1 rs2306283 polymorphism was performed using PCR-RFLP technique. Lipid parameters and surrogate cardiovascular risk markers were compared among different genotypic variants. Results: Genotype frequencies for AA, AG and GG variants were 25%, 35% and 40%, respectively. Allelic frequencies for A and G alleles were 42.5% and 57.5%, respectively. Patients with GG genotype demonstrated significantly greater increase in HDL cholesterol levels and greater reduction in LDL cholesterol levels...
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