Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2014 in |
Kidneys are the excretory organs of our body that serves the important functions such as elimination of waste products, regulation of fluid volume and electrolyte content of the extracellular fluid. Picrorrhiza kurroa (Scrophulariaceae) is a small perennial herb growing in the hilly parts of the north-Western Himalayas region in India and Nepal. The objective of the present study was to evaluate and compare diuretic activity of Picrorrhiza kurroa royle ex. Benth with that of the standard. Two doses of the test extract i.e. 300mg.kg and 500mg.kg body weight orally are used to evaluate the diuretic activity. Furosemide (20mg/kg i.p.) was used as the standard drug to compare the test results. The test extract showed significant diuretic activity (p<0.05) which justify its use in...
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Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2014 in |
Metoprolol tartrate (MT) is cardio-selective β1 receptor antagonist used primarily in the management of chronic heart diseases like in the management of hypertension, angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmias, myocardial infarction and heart failure. It is only available as prescription drug. The objective of this study was to prepare sustained release matrix tablets of MT using hydrophilic polymer and direct compression technique. Major emphasis was given to the effect of independent variable mainly the concentration of Magnesium stearate (MS) and Talcum (T) used as lubricants. Dependent variables characterized in this study are weight variation, hardness of tablet, thickness, friability and dissolution profile of tablet. Increasing concentration of lubricants was having profound effect on release kinetics of drug and friability of tablet. Model dependent release behavior of matrix tablets was investigated applying different models, all formulations were a good fit to zero order release kinetics model. Thorough investigation of independent variables and their effect on dependent variables guided towards best formulation of all the manufactured batches. Formulation F3 was selected as best...
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Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2014 in |
The study involves quantitative analysis of seven different brands (samples) of Paracetamol 500mg tablets used in Hyderabad (India), using Ultra Violet Spectrophotometric and High Performance Liquid Chromatographic methods, in which the samples were dissolved in 0.1M NaOH and distilled water and their various absorbances determined at wavelength of 257nm and in HPLC by using methanol, water (60:40) samples are prepared. The results obtained were compared with that of the standard. Percentage content and content in mg for each sample was calculated using the absorbances (in spectroscopic method) and peak areas(in chromatographic method) of the samples, to see if it is within the specified limit by official books (99%-110% according to IP). The percentage content of the analyzed samples using HPLC method ranges from 97.96-106.98%, while using UV method it ranges from 79.64-107.52%, indicating none of the samples contains less than 75% of the active principle. It was observed that four samples(B,C,D,G) out of the eight meet up the IP specified limit in spectrophotometric method, whereas six samples(A,C,D,E,F,G) ) out...
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Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2014 in |
The rates of oxidation of β-carotene and chlorogenic acid by tert-butoxyl radicals (t-BuO·) were studied by measuring the absorbance of β-carotene at 491 nm and chlorogenic acid at 328 nm spectrophotometrically. Radicals (t-BuO·) were generated by the photolysis of tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BuOOH) in presence of tert-butyl alcohol to scavenge OH·radicals. The rates and the quantum yields (f) of oxidation of chlorogenic acid by t-BuO· radicals were determined in the absence and presence of varying concentrations of β-carotene. An increase in the concentration of β-carotene was found to decrease the rate of oxidation of chlorogenic acid, suggesting that β-carotene and chlorogenic acid competed for t-BuO· radicals. The quantum yields (fexpt) were calculated from the experimentally determined rates of oxidation of chlorogenic acid under different experimental conditions. Assuming that chlorogenic acid acts as a scavenger of t-BuO· radicals only, the quantum yields (fcal) were theoretically calculated. fexpt and fcal values suggested that chlorogenic acid not only protected β-carotene from t-BuO· radicals, but also regenerated β-carotene from β-carotene radical cation, formed by...
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Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2014 in |
Nocturnal Enuresis treatment activity in rabbits by measuring the changes in urine volume and concentrations of electrolytes as well as bladder capacities. In addition, antioxidant activity was measured using free radical scavenging (DPPH method) and antimicrobial activity against human bacterial pathogens using agar diffusion technique. Pandanus Odoratissimus L. peduncle showed no toxic effect with a predicted lethal dose > 16g/kg. The findings indicate the peduncle extracts increase the capacity of the bladder which is an indicator of muscle relaxation with no direct effect on the muscle of dissected bladders. The methanolic extract of the peduncle decrease the urine volume both at 24 hrs and as prescribed traditionally in Yemen (for 3 days) with no effect on its electrolytes. In addition, antioxidant activity of the methanolic peduncle extract was evident by the 83% inhibition of DPPH with different concentrations of the extracts as compared with Vitamin C. In contrast, Peduncle extracts showed no antimicrobial activity against five standard microbial strains (Micrococcus Lit, Staphlococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enteritidis and Candida...
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