Posted by admin on Jan 1, 2012 in |
A simple, precise and stability-indicating HPLC method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of anti-hypertensive drugs Amlodipine Besylate, Valsartan, Telmisartan and diuretics Hydrochlorothiazide and Chlorthalidone. The separation was achieved on Cosmosil PAQ (150 mm × 4.6 mm) 5 μm column with gradient flow. The mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min−1 consisted of 0.05 M sodium dihydrogen phosphate buffer and acetonitrile (Gradient ratio). The UV detection was carried out at 220 nm. The method was successfully validated in accordance to ICH guidelines. Further, the validated method was applied for commercially available pharmaceutical dosage...
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Posted by admin on Jan 1, 2012 in |
Paracetamol was formulated as lozenges to provide slow release medicament for the management of fever and pain. There are many dosage forms like syrups, tablets, inhalers are available in the market but still there is a need for new dosage forms which acts effectively and locally. So the present investigation has been taken up to design, prepare and evaluated tablet lozenges to meet the need of improved bioavailability and hence avoid hepatic toxicity. The benefits of these prepared lozenges showed increase in bioavailability, reduction in gastric irritation by passing of 1st pass metabolism and increase in onset of action. The lozenges were prepared using sucrose as base; Sodium Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (NaCMC) and Methyl Cellulose(MC) are used as polymers. Eudragit is used as taste masking agent. All the formulations prepared were subjected to various physicochemical parameters like hardness, content uniformity, friability, weight variation etc. The prepared formulations have a hardness of 9-10 Kg/cm², not gritty, mouth feel freshness taste. Stability studies of selected formulations were also carried out at...
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Posted by admin on Jan 1, 2012 in |
The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic effects of the bark of Terminalia arjuna. The plant part was extracted with methanol to yield the crude extract. The antimicrobial activity test of the methanol extract of the bark of Terminalia arjuna was done using disc diffusion method. Standard antibiotic discs of Kanamycin (30 μg/disc) were used as standard. The crude extract was used at a concentration of 500μg/disc. All the microorganisms were susceptible in various degrees to the extract. The methanol extract was found to be moderately active against Staphylococus aereus, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The zone of inhibition was found from 12 mm to 19 mm. The crude methanol extract was again studied for investigating free radical scavenging potentiality and was subjected to this study with 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The methanol extract of the bark of the plant exhibited the potential free radical scavenging activity (antioxidant effect) having IC50 value of 7.05 µg/ml. The cytotoxic activity...
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Posted by admin on Jan 1, 2012 in |
In this study, solvent-free and phase transfer catalysis conditions coupled with microwave irradiation and their advantages in synthesis of N-alkylation of primary anilines were reported. In this way two different microwave processing techniques were compared in terms of reaction yields. Consequently, microwave irradiation significantly reduced reaction times compared to traditional heating methods. Particularly synthesis by solvent-free solid supported microwave irradiaton was found more eco-friendly and had higher reaction efficiency against to phase transfer catalysis condition. Organic reactions under solvent-free conditions is advantageous because of enhanced selectivity, efficiency and more importantly, toxic and volatile solvents are avoided. So that this eco-friendly green approach might be applied to the rapid assembly of various alkylation...
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Posted by admin on Jan 1, 2012 in |
Background: Beside the fact of poor adherence to antiretroviral drugs in resource limited country, serious adverse effects of the drugs and treatment failure complicate the whole management of antiretroviral therapy. Consequently, treatment modification and discontinuation of therapy has become a common phenomenon and hence limitation of treatment option has turn out the major concern of the future HAART. The aim of the study was to assess the factors responsible for modification of ARV regimen in patients taking ARV drugs. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted between January 2007 and December 2007 in Dessie regional referral hospital Result: One hundred twenty two patients switch their first regimen in Dessie regional referral hospital within the study period. The most frequent prescribed first regimens before switch were AZT/3TC/EFV (36%), AZT/3TC/NVP (27%), D4T/3TC/EFV (19%) and D4T/3TC/NVP (18%). Toxicity (66%) followed by co-morbidity (14%) and planning pregnancy (11%) were the most common reasons for modification of antiretroviral therapy .The main toxicity was anemia (64 patients)and peripheral neuropathy (11 patients). Conclusion : The...
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