Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2021 in |
The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between the total phenolic and flavonoid contents and in-vitro antioxidant activity of the Soxhlet-extracted leaves extracts (hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol and aqueous) of Heliotropium indicum L, a medicinal weed. The preliminary phytochemical analysis was carried out in all five solvents using the standard methods of Harbonne. The phenols were quantified using a spectrophotometer by using Folin-Ciocalteau method by Singleton and Rossi and used catechol as standard. Flavonoids were quantified by using the aluminium chloride colorimetric method by Woisky and Salatino and used quercetin as standard. Soxhlet extracts of plant leave to scavenge DPPH radicals using Mensor et al., method and reducing power was studied using Gow-Chin et al. method. The qualitative phytochemical studies of the crude extracts showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, terpenoids, glycosides, proteins, fats and oils, and carbohydrates. The aqueous extract had the highest total phenol contents (165.6 mgGAE/g), and the ethyl acetate extract had the highest flavonoid contents (28.01 mgQE/g) at a concentration of...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2021 in |
Objective: The aim of the present study was to find out the herbal drug which has potential antihistaminic properties. Studying the in-vitro antagonistic effect of crude extracts on isolated goat tracheal chain preparation for assessment of direct antihistaminic activity using two agonists like histamine and acetylcholine. Methods: The ethanolic extract of leaves of Hibiscus sabdariffa was found quite useful in showing antihistaminic activities when tested on an experimental isolated goat tracheal. They were divided into five groups. Results: PTEE exerted an antagonistic effect on histamine and acetylcholine-induced contraction (P < 0.05). Significance is seen at a dose of 2, 4, 10 mg/ml for histamine and acetylcholine Figure 6.2 and 6.4 in a dose-dependent manner. Histamine antagonistic effect seen as (70.12 ± 1.727, 56.09 ± 1.2, 48.17 ± 1.321) similarly the acetylcholine antagonistic effect seen as (85.60 ± 2.489, 60.20 ± 2.456, 44.00 ± 1.141). Conclusion: The present study a notable contraction produced by histamine at a dose 1.6µg/ml, as 82 mm taken as 100% while notable contraction was produced...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2021 in |
Introduction: Anemia in CKD occurs when the kidneys are damaged or diseased. They cannot make enough EPO, which stimulates the bone marrow to produce RBC. It is associated with increased cardiovascular diseases, hospitalization, reduced quality of life, cognitive impairment, and mortality. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on CKD patients. Demographic details, treatment information, SES, and performance of daily activities were collected from the patients. Anemia was confirmed in patients by observing laboratory investigations, SES was collected by using the Modified Kuppuswamy scale, and the performance of patients for the treatment was analyzed by using the Karnofsky performance index. Results: The majority of the patients affected with anemia belong to UL Class. The performance of patients was improved as well as an increase in hemoglobin levels and decreases in Serum Creatinine levels were observed. P-value calculated for Haemoglobin, and serum creatinine was < 0.0001, which indicates the treatment was statistically significant. Conclusion: The pharmacotherapeutic treatment prescribed for anemia in various categories of CKD patient’s shows significant...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2021 in |
This study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial activity and rate of kill of the various partially purified fractions of Spondias mombin’s leaf extract on selected pathogenic bacteria. Fresh leaves of Spondias mombin were air-dried and then ground into fine powder. The powdered leaves of Spondias mombin were extracted using ethanol-water in the ratio 1:1 (v/v). The crude extract was fractionated by partial purification using various solvents such as n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl-acetate, and n-butanol. The fractions were concentrated in vacuo and lyophilized. Afterward, the different fractions were tested for antibacterial activities against selected pathogenic bacteria using the agar well diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations were determined using the standard microbiological method. The rate of kill of the test isolates by the active fractions (n-butanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane fractions) was also determined. The zones of inhibition shown by the active fractions at 15 mg/mL on the isolates ranged between 11.7 mm and 15.7 mm while the minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations of the active...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2021 in |
Microbial inulinases have a great potential for industrial use in the production of fructose from inulin. Optimization of the growth parameters of the microbes is essential to obtain inulinase in sufficient quantity. The present work aims to obtain inulinase from different fruits of endophytic bacteria and optimize its growth parameters. In a total of 22 isolates and among them, each one isolates from each fruit of, Banana, Pineapple and Zapata were isolated by endophytic bacteria were identified as efficient inulinase producers by SEM analysis. The optimum temperature (4 °C) and pH of these organisms were found 5.0 – 7.0 respectively. Inulin was observed to be the suitable carbon source and also a specific substrate Banana powder for these organisms. The work has been done to grow in 4’C and 37 °C, morphological, physiological, and biochemical characters, grow in agar plate with the specific substrate for zone formation, gram staining, and estimation of inulinase enzyme for using different carbon sources to compare with specific activity for protein content. The molecular...
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