Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2025 in |
Background: Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE) is a condition that is generally seen in individuals suffering from liver cirrhosis. HE is described as a range of neuropsychiatric diseases in individuals with liver diseases. It is characterized by personality changes, intellectual impairment and a depressed consciousness. Toxic substances that are generally excluded from the body by the liver accumulate in the blood and ultimately reach the brain, causing HE. Incidence rate of HE is estimated by various authors at about 30-84% of cases with liver cirrhosis depending on the applied diagnostic methods and examined population. Ammonia is one of the major neurotoxins produced in HE. Various triggers of HE includes renal failure, GI bleeding, constipation, infection, alcohol consumption, etc. Typically, bacteria within the gastrointestinal tract generate ammonia, which is then processed and eliminated by the liver through metabolism. But in HE there is either a drop in the number of the performing hepatocytes, portosystemic shunting or both, resulting in dropped ammonia clearance and hyperammonaemia. Once ammonia crosses BBB, it has multiple neurotoxic...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2025 in |
The objectives of the present study were to formulate facial powder cleansers using colored clays, green clay or red clay, as main ingredients and to investigate the foaming and cleansing properties of the powder cleansers. For foaming and cleansing purposes, natural foaming tea and synthetic sodium cocoyl isethionate (SCI), were employed. Eight formulations were prepared by varying types and amounts of colored clays (58.5% and 68.5% w/w) as well as surfactants (10% and 20% w/w). The formulations F1 to F4 contained red clay whereas F5 to F8 contained green clay. Then, appearances, pH values, foaming and cleansing abilities of the formulations were investigated. The stability of the cleansers was also evaluated by keeping the preparations at ambient temperature and 45 °C for 60 days. Small differences in color shades of facial cleansers were detected using a spectrophotometer and CIELAB color system. The prepared cleansers had weak acidic pH (pH 5.7 to pH 6.5). The formulations with synthetic SCI had superior foaming property to those with foaming tea (p <...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2025 in |
Background: Tuberculosis is a great menace to mankind since ancient times. The genus mycobacterium was known to originate 150 million years ago. Despite the discovery of many newer methods in the diagnosis of tuberculosis, a robust point of care test is required for effective management of Paediatric tuberculosis. Methodology: We conducted this study in paediatrics department of N.M.C.H for 1 year. After obtaining written informed consent, we enrolled cases in our study. All cases were subjected for focussed history from Guardians. Gastric Aspirate, Sputum, Induced Sputum, Ascitic fluid, CSF were collected is a wide mouthed container for sputum microscopy & in Falcons tube for CBNAAT. The microscopic examination of the samples were done by LED microscope using Z-N staining Technique. Results: Out of 51 samples analysed by microscopy and CBNAAT, CBNAAT has higher positivity rate (17.6%) than microscopy technique (5.8%). Result analysed using chi square test, considering CBNAAT as gold standard. The resulting value (p=0.027) interprets that the p value is less than 0.05. It is statistically significant. Conclusion:...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2025 in |
This comprehensive study investigates the in vivo effects of Tupichinol E, osimertinib, and their combination in a xenograft model of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), an aggressive and therapeutically challenging breast cancer subtype. By employing a multi-faceted approach, the study evaluates tumor growth inhibition, apoptosis, and proliferation through histopathological and immunohistochemical techniques, including hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, TUNEL staining, and Ki67 immunohistochemistry. The results reveal significant therapeutic potential. Tumor growth was markedly suppressed in all treated groups, with monotherapy using Tupichinol E or Osimertinib reduces tumor volume by approximately 35% and 40%, respectively. Notably, combination therapy achieved a synergistic effect, maintaining tumor volumes at baseline levels and preventing progression over the two-week treatment period (p<0.001). Histological analyses demonstrated extensive necrosis and disruption of tumor architecture in the combination group, correlating with a 150% increase in apoptotic activity as indicated by TUNEL staining (p<0.001). Furthermore, Ki67 immunohistochemistry showed a substantial 70% reduction in proliferative activity in the combination group compared to controls (p< 0.001). These findings underscore the enhanced efficacy...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2025 in |
Chromatography is a separation process that is achieved by distributing the substances to be separated between a moving phase and a stationary phase. HPLC is high resolution, high pressure and high-speed liquid chromatography. It has several resolving powers than open column liquid chromatography hence it is used for speedy resolution of complex mixture, separation and determination of species in a variety of organic, inorganic and biological materials. The developed HPLC method was validated for various parameters like accuracy, precision, specificity, LOD, LOQ, linearity, range and robustness as per ICH guidelines. The results obtained were well within the acceptance criteria for all the parameters. The proposed method was applied for simultaneous estimation of Tamsulosin and Dutasteride formulation. The HPLC system used was WATERS Alliance series System with Rheodyne injector 20 μL and the column Inertsil ODS 250 x 4.6 mm, 5 μm. The mobile phase comprised of Sodium phosphate buffer and Acetonitrile in the ratio of 30:70 v/v and flow rate of 1.0 ml/min with UV detection at 233 nm...
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