Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2026 in |
Coral reefs are dynamic ecosystems sustained by complex metabolic interactions between corals and their symbiotic algae, where Carbonic anhydrase (CA) plays a key role in biomineralization and carbon cycling. In the current study, the CA sequence of Symbiodinium microadriaticum (Zooxanthellae) was retrieved from NCBI and its three-dimensional structure was predicted using trRosetta. The CA structure of Acropora millepora (Coral) was obtained from the UniProt database. Both protein models were structurally validated using PROCHECK, which confirmed that 90.0% and 90.5% of residues were in the most favored regions. Comparative sequence alignment using the EMBOSS Water tool revealed conserved functional domains, supporting structural and functional preservation. Physicochemical analyses via ProtParam indicated that the algal CA is hydrophilic but relatively unstable, while the coral CA demonstrated enhanced stability and solubility. Molecular docking studies, conducted using PyRx and BIOVIA Discovery Studio, evaluated the binding potential of three standard CA inhibitors: Acetazolamide, Ethoxzolamide, and Dorzolamide, alongside 29 cosmetic agents. Notably, Acid Violet 43 exhibited the strongest binding affinity, with docking scores of -10.0 kcal/mol...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2026 in |
Site-specific drug delivery systems are designed to provide therapeutic drug concentrations at targeted body sites, achieving effective treatment while minimizing impact on non-target tissues. Targeted drug delivery specifically directs drugs into designated biological locations, optimizing therapeutic outcomes and reducing side effects. Among current advances, colon- specific drug delivery systems have gained considerable interest. It promises for both treatment of local diseases and systemic delivery of challenging pharmaceuticals. The oral route remains the widely accepted method for systemic drug administration, constituting about 50% of available drug delivery systems due to advantages like patient acceptance, compliance, and ease of administration. Research over the past decade has focused on developing colon- targeted formulations for conditions such as Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and constipation, as well as the delivery of proteins, peptides, anti-asthmatic, antihypertensive, and antidiabetic drugs. Sulfasalazine, a non-steroidal anti- inflammatory agent commonly used in IBD treatment, is ideal for micro sponges due to its poor water solubility, allowing for controlled and targeted drug...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2026 in |
Fifteen Thiazole Schiff bases derivatives were synthesized, designed and evaluated for antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. Based on literature review compounds were synthesized, docked and tested for All biological assays were performed in triplicate (n = 3). Positive controls: Ciprofloxacin (10 µg/mL) for antibacterial and Ketoconazole (10 µg/mL) for antifungal assays. Results are expressed as mean ± SD and for antioxidant properties DPPH assay, ABTS [2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)] assay, Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power Assay and Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) scavenging assay were employed. Molecular docking was performed against topoisomerase II, peptide deformylase, lanosterol 14α-demethylase, and tyrosinase enzymes, which revealed favourable binding affinities and hydrogen-bonding interactions with the respective active sites for several derivatives. Compounds TSB_S7, TSB_S8, TSB_S10 and TSB_S14 exhibited the highest MolDock scores and showed MIC (µg/mL) values of 25 µg/mL against S. aureus and E. coli. The compounds were more active against Gram-positive than Gram-negative bacteriaria than Gram negative bacteria. The compounds demonstrated promising antibacterial and antioxidant properties with MICs ranging from 25 to 50 µg/ml. Overall, the synthesized...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2026 in |
Introduction: Bloodstream infections (BSI) refer to the presence of microorganisms in blood, which constitute one of the most serious situations among infectious diseases; as they are a threat to every organ in the body. Septicemia is a condition in which bacteria circulate and actively multiply in the bloodstream and may produce their products (e.g. toxins) that cause harm to the host Similarly, the presence of viruses, parasites and fungi in blood can be described as ‘viremia’, ‘parasitemia’ and ‘fungemia’ respectively. Material and Method: This study was conducted over two years, during which 3,145 BSI suspected patients’ blood culture samples were analyzed using the Bact/Alert 3D automated system. Staphylococcus aureus isolates were initially identified based on colony morphology and Gram stain followed by final confirmation and antimicrobial susceptibility testing by Vitek 2 Compact system, employing GP and P628 cards. Result: In our study, out of 3,145 patients blood samples 315(10.01%) samples showed growth on culture media. Out of 315 culture positive samples 61 (19.36%) was identified as S. aureus. Prevalence...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2026 in |
Objective: To evaluate the nephroprotective effect of aqueous extract of Psidium guajava leaves in gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in albino rats. Methods: Adult albino rats were divided into 5 groups of 5 animal each, group I (normal control) treated with 2% Gum acacia orally, group II (positive control) treated with 2% Gum acacia orally with 100 mg/kg intraperitoneal gentamicin, group III (standard treatment) treated with silymarin (100 mg/kg b.w, orally) with 100mg/kg intraperitoneal gentamicin and groups IV–V (test groups) treated with aqueous extract of Psidium guajava leaves (AELPG) orally at doses of 200 and 300 mg/kg b.w with 100mg/kg intraperitoneal gentamicin respectively for 15 days. Serum Urea, S. Creatinine, S. Sodium, S. Potassium and S. Chloride analysis and microscopic examination of kidney were performed. Results: Gentamicin treatment caused nephrotoxicity as evidenced by significant elevation in serum urea, creatinine and electrolytes level respectively when compared to the normal control groups. Co-administration aqueous leaf extract of Psidium guajava with gentamicin significantly decreased the rise in these parameters in dose dependent manner. Similarly,...
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