Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2026 in |
The present study focuses on the formulation of floating beads of Nitrofurantoin to achieve sustained release, thereby enhancing patient compliance, especially for individuals who struggle to take the dose at regular intervals. Nitrofurantoin is a commonly used antibacterial agent for urinary tract infections, belonging to BCS Class II, characterized by poor aqueous solubility and a short half-life (0.5- 1hours). The floating beads were formulated by using sodium alginate, HPMC K100 and Carbopol 934 as polymers, and calcium chloride as cross-linking agent by the emulsion gelation technique. The compatibility of the drug and polymers were assessed using the FTIR technique. The particle size was analyzed usingoptical microscope. The developed beads were assessed for physical properties, swelling index, entrapment efficiency, buoyancy studies, in-vitro drug release and release kinetics. The formulation remains buoyant for 12 hours, and all thirteen formulations exhibited enhanced drug release. Among the formulations, optimized formulation showed entrapment efficiency of 95.51% and in vitro drug release of 98.86%. The optimized beads follow first order kinetics showing sustained release up...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2026 in |
The increasing demand for chemical-free vegetables has encouraged the use of traditional organic inputs such as Jeevamruthama fermented bio-liquid prepared from cow dung, cow urine, jaggery, pulse flour and soil. The present pot culture study evaluated the influence of Jeevamrutham on soil nutrient status, irrigation water quality, growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments and biochemical constituents of the leafy vegetable Basella alba L. The experiment was conducted under controlled pot conditions with untreated control and Jeevamrutham-treated plants. Soil macronutrients and micronutrients were analyzed before and after treatment while plant growth, chlorophyll content, total carbohydrates and proteins were assessed at 50 days after sowing. Application of Jeevamrutham resulted in a moderate increase in available soil nitrogen and phosphorus while potassium, organic carbon and several micronutrients showed a decline. Irrigation water quality parameters remained within permissible agricultural limits. Treated plants exhibited significantly higher plant height, leaf length, vein length, chlorophyll content, carbohydrate and protein levels compared to control plants. These responses indicate an improvement in physiological and biochemical attributes of Basella alba under...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2026 in |
Anaemia remains a widespread health issue, particularly in developing countries, due to nutritional deficiencies and oxidative stress. The use of plant-based remedies offers a safer alternative to conventional treatments. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-anaemic activity of hydroalcoholic extracts of Asteracantha longifolia and Moringa oleifera in 2, 4-diphenylhydrazine (DPH)-induced anaemic rats. Anaemia was induced in Wistar albino rats using 2, 4-diphenylhydrazine, a known hemolytic agent that generates oxidative stress. Animals were divided into five groups: normal control, anaemic control, standard treated (ferrous sulfate), and two test groups treated with hydroalcoholic extracts of Asteracantha longifolia and Moringa oleifera, respectively. Extracts were administered orally for 14 days. Hematological (RBC count, hemoglobin, hematocrit), biochemical (serum iron, total iron-binding capacity), and histopathological evaluations of the liver and bone marrow were conducted to assess the efficacy. Both plant extracts significantly improved hemoglobin levels, RBC counts, and serum iron parameters compared to the anaemic control. Moringa oleifera showed slightly superior hematinic activity compared to Asteracantha longifolia, which was also effective but to a lesser...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2025 in |
Adults with chronic respiratory conditions are at heightened risk for preventable lung infections, yet vaccine uptake against influenza and pneumococcal diseases remains suboptimal. This hospital-based cross-sectional study aimed to assess factors influencing vaccination coverage and identify individuals who may benefit from targeted interventions. A total of 118 adult patients attending an outpatient respiratory diseases clinic were surveyed using a self-developed questionnaire evaluating knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to vaccination. More than half of the participants recognised influenza as a risk factor for pneumonia and were aware of the corresponding vaccines. Interestingly, COVID-19 vaccination appeared to positively influence vaccine-related knowledge. Despite generally favourable attitudes, actual immunisation rates were low, revealing a gap between intention and practice. A key finding was the lack of proactive guidance from healthcare providers, which emerged as a significant barrier. Other obstacles included limited awareness and persistent safety misconceptions. While cost was not broadly perceived as a barrier, 44% expressed willingness to vaccinate only if it were offered free of charge. No significant correlation was observed...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2025 in |
The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens has severely undermined the efficacy of conventional antibiotics, necessitating the development of novel antimicrobial agents. Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), a crucial enzyme in bacterial DNA synthesis, presents a validated target for the design of new antimicrobial therapies. In this study, a new series of pyrazolyl-pyrimidine and pyridine-based derivatives was synthesized and systematically evaluated for DHFR inhibition and antimicrobial activity. The compounds were screened against a panel of pathogenic microorganisms, including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. Notably, compound 4c emerged as a lead molecule, displaying excellent antimicrobial potency with MIC values of 16 µg/mL against S. aureus and C. albicans. Additionally, it demonstrated a potent inhibitory effect on DHFR (IC50 = 5.53 ± 0.26 µM) and achieved a docking score of –12.114 kcal/mol, indicating strong binding affinity. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis revealed that the presence of an imino group at position 2 and a small methyl group at position 6 conferred superior binding characteristics, while bulkier substitutions diminished efficacy due...
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