Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2025 in |
Introduction: Paratyphoid fever is an enteric infection caused primarily by Salmonella enterica serovars Paratyphi A, Paratyphi B and Paratyphi C. It accounts roughly for 20-30% of total enteric fever cases globally, and this proportion is rising, particularly where typhoid vaccination efforts are underway. The current study was planned to determine the seroprevalence of paratyphoid fever and the epidemiological details of the affected cases in our region. Material and Methods: The study was conducted for a period of eighteen months from January 2023 to July 2024 on serum samples from patients suspected of enteric fever were tested with Widal test. The results were interpreted based on regional baseline antibody titers and analyzed. Results: Out of 3310 samples, 1102 tested positive by Widal test. Forty five cases showed agglutinins for Paratyphi A or Paratyphi B or both. Twenty six were female (57.8%) and highest burden of infection was observed in age group less than 15 years (46.7%) followed by 16-45 years (42.2%) with a mean age of 18.9 years. Conclusion: Epidemiology...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2025 in |
The present study evaluated the hepatoprotective potential of Barleria cristata extracts petroleum ether (BCL-PE) and ethanol (BCL-EE) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄)-induced toxicity in cultured Chang liver cells. CCl₄ is a known hepatotoxin that generates reactive oxygen species, causing oxidative damage and cell death in liver tissues. The cytotoxicity of CCl₄ was assessed using the MTT assay, which revealed an IC₅₀ value of 62.5 µg/mL and a 49.41% reduction in cell viability. A dose-dependent decline in viability was observed, with the lowest level of 7.05% at 1000 µg/mL. To evaluate the protective effects, cells were pre-treated with various concentrations of BCL-PE and BCL-EE before CCl₄ exposure. Both extracts demonstrated a concentration-dependent increase in cell viability. At the lowest tested dose (7.2 µg/mL), BCL-PE and BCL-EE restored viability to 92.94% and 93.52%, respectively. Microscopic analysis supported these findings, showing improved cellular morphology in extract-treated groups compared to cells treated with CCl₄ alone. These results suggest that Barleria cristata possesses significant hepatoprotective properties, likely due to its antioxidant and cytoprotective constituents. The...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2025 in |
Background: The WHO has defined AEFI (Adverse events following immunization) as “any untoward medical occurrence which follows immunization and which does not necessarily have a causal relationship with the vaccine usage”. The incidence was 13.7% in our country. Vaccine safety surveillance studies are the need of the hour in developing countries to maintain public trust in vaccines since there are limited number of vaccine vigilance studies, the current study is being taken up. Materials and Methods: It was a retrospective observational study conducted in the Department of Pediatrics at Victoria Hospital attached to BMCRI. The study was conducted in November and December 2022. The data were collected from patient case records from the year 2018 to 2022. Totally 30 adverse events were reported in that time period. Results: Most of the AEFI were reported in the age group of 0-6 years (66.6%). Proportion of male was found to be more than female. Most of the AEFI were reported following Pentavalent (40%) followed by BCG (23.3%), and MR vaccine (20%)....
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2025 in |
Background: The emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among different microbial species increases mortality and morbidity rates and makes healthcare services unaffordable. The pace in acquiring resistance to antimicrobial agents stresses the dire need for novel drug discoveries and defining new drug targets. Objectives: The present study aimed to isolate and identify the fungi from pharmaceutical waste sites, their antifungal profiling and characterization as potential antibiotic producers. Methods: Fungal isolates were primarily screened for antibiotic production following the giant colony method against standard bacterial pathogens and further screened to evaluate their capacity as extracellular antibiotic producers. Antifungal susceptibility testing to commonly prescribe antifungal agents was also performed for the recovered fungal isolates. Result and Conclusion: Total fifteen (n=15) fungal isolates recovered including Aspergillus sp., Alternaria sp., Candida sp., Rhizopus sp., Geotrichum sp., Rhodotorula sp., Pyricularia sp., Trichosporon sp., Trichothecum sp., and Fusarium sp. Cell-free supernatant (CFS) obtained from Geotrichum sp., Fusarium sp. and Trichosporon sp. were extracellular antibiotic producers with maximum zone size of 22mm, 16mm and 14mm respectively against...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2025 in |
On computers, in-silico studies are typically carried out where we forecast how any new compound would interact with the proteins found in our bodies or with any outside particles. Molecular docking, target site & adverse reaction of any newly created molecule, together with cell simulation, are all performed in an in-silico study. The advantage of in-silico research over other techniques is that it does not require the use of people, animals, or cell cultures; all that is required is a computer with the required software. In-silico analysis developed into one of the most crucial tools for all scholars throughout the world during the Covid -19. Results of any research project in an in-silico study are available immediately because of the utilisation of computers. Through the in-silico technique, research work is made incredibly simple. Understanding how any new drug will affect us, including its absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity, is incredibly convenient for us. It is easier for us to predict the target location for each new molecule by...
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