Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2026 in |
Background: Posaconazole is a potent triazole antifungal with poor aqueous solubility, while Aloin from Aloe vera exhibits complementary antifungal and wound-healing properties. Co-delivery in a liposomal gel may enhance solubility, stability, and skin penetration. Objective: To design and evaluate a novel liposomal vesicle system co-encapsulating Posaconazole and Aloin for topical antifungal therapy. Methods: Liposomes were prepared by thin-film hydration using varying ratios of soya lecithin and cholesterol, followed by incorporation into a carbopol-based gel. Formulations were characterized for particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, viscosity, pH, spreadability, in-vitro drug release, and antifungal efficacy against Candida albicans. Results: The optimized formulation (LDDS3) showed the smallest particle size (68.07 nm), highest zeta potential (−15.8 mV), and entrapment efficiency (93.22%). The gel exhibited suitable viscosity (4836 ± 0.26 cps), pH (5.6) and good spreadability. The in-vitro release followed Higuchi kinetics (R² = 0.9701), indicating diffusion-controlled release. The liposomal gel displayed a concentration-dependent inhibition zone (up to 15 mm) against Candida albicans. Conclusion: Co-encapsulation of Posaconazole and Aloin in liposomal gel significantly enhanced...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2026 in |
Background: Neonatal sepsis (NS) is among the most prevalent and potentially fatal conditions. Given the current surge in antimicrobial resistance, a thorough understanding of prevalent bacterial illnesses and their pattern of drug susceptibility is crucial. Objectives: To study the pattern of bacteriological profile and antibiotic susceptibility among blood culture-positive neonatal sepsis cases in a Tertiary care hospital. Methods: A Retrospective study was planned from Jan-Dec, 2023. All neonatal sepsis cases with positive blood culture from NICU admission were included, and neonates with multiple congenital malformations were excluded. A predetermined questionnaire was used to collect neonatal delivery details and the culture report. Results: Out of 1014 suspected cases, 194 were positive blood culture with 7.2% early onset sepsis and 92.7% late onset. NS was common in term deliveries with male predominance (72.2%) and in very low birth weight (53.6%). The most frequent causative organisms were gram positive among (65%), CoNS, 96(75.5%) was the predominant organism, followed by MRSA, 16(12.5%). Gram-negative isolates were seen in 67(34%), Klebsiella species-23(34%) is the most common...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2026 in |
The simultaneous use of traditional herbal remedies (HRs) and contemporary pharmaceuticals presents a significant risk of pharmacological interactions that can alter drug metabolism, efficacy, and patient safety. This systematic review aims to thoroughly examine these interactions, identify the most common occurrences, clarify their underlying mechanisms, and provide therapeutic recommendations for safe co-administration. Methods: A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library for literature published up to July 2024. The review included data from clinical trials, observational studies, and comprehensive reviews. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results: From an initial screening of 3,245 records, 50 studies were chosen for qualitative synthesis and 20 for quantitative analysis. Key findings indicate that the modulation of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes and various drug transporters frequently mediates these interactions. This modulation results in significant changes in the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of co-administered pharmaceuticals. Notable examples include St. John’s Wort affecting immunosuppressants and various herbal teas impacting the effectiveness of...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2026 in |
Objective: This study aimed to analyse the demographic profile, incidence, types, nature, and severity of cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADRs) associated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) among patients attending the Department of Dermatology, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital (GMCH), Guwahati. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted following approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee, GMCH. Patient case records from January 2018 to December 2022 were reviewed. Relevant demographic and clinical data were extracted and analysed using Microsoft Excel 2021. Causality assessment was performed using the World Health Organization–Uppsala Monitoring Centre (WHO– UMC) scale, and severity was graded using the Modified Hartwig and Siegel Scale. Results: A total of 189 cases of CADRs were identified. The majority of affected patients were male (61.9%), and most cases (42.8%) occurred in the 31–40-year age group. The most frequent CADR was maculopapular rash (36%), followed by erythema (20.6%). Based on the WHO– UMC scale, 88.3% of reactions were classified as “possible” and 11.6% as “probable.” According to the Modified Hartwig and Siegel Scale, most...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2026 in |
Diabetes mellitus (DM), a longtime metabolic illness characterized with the high concentration of glucose residue in the blood, is one of the key global health issues because of the prevalence and chronic outcomes. The traditional plant remedies in tackling the condition have attracted attention as an alternative to the conventional therapies, which are usually associated with undesirable side effects. The current study grasps the growing momentum in the scientific testability of the medicinal plants considering their portentious biochemical depth and the advisability of regulating key processes of metabolism. To elaborate the peculiar enzymatic activities inhibited by Sapindus saponaria leaf extract and to comprehend about the antidiabetic activities of the extracts, the study investigated the effects of the extract on carbohydrates metabolism in this research. The study demonstrates that the extract has a substantial effect on carbohydrate metabolism-related enzymes, and can propose its potential use as a diabetes treatment. The capacity of an aqueous extract of Sapindus saponaria leaves to affect the antidiabetic properties was explained by measuring the influence...
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