Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2026 in |
Ursolic acid is a pentacyclic triterpenoid widely distributed in medicinal plants and is recognized for a broad spectrum of biological activities, including antioxidant and antidiabetic effects. In the present study, leaves of Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm. were subjected to sequential solvent extraction, and ursolic acid was isolated by column chromatographic purification. Structure of the isolated compound was confirmed by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis, including Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, proton and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H and ¹³C NMR) spectroscopy, experiments, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Isolated compound was further evaluated for in-vitro antioxidant activity using DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays, and for antidiabetic potential using the α-amylase inhibitory assay. Molecular docking was performed against the porcine pancreatic α-amylase target (PDB ID: 1OSE) to investigate binding modes and key molecular interactions governing inhibitory activity. In-silico ADMET profiling was conducted using SwissADME to estimate pharmacokinetic properties and drug-likeness. The findings demonstrate that E. tereticornis leaves represent a promising natural reservoir of ursolic acid and support its potential as...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2026 in |
Recent years have seen increasing recognition of metabolic diseases like type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as systemic disorders characterized by aberrant inter-organ communications. As vesicles that include miRNAs, proteins, lipids, and metabolites, exosomes have been demonstrated as an important mechanism underlying the inter-organ communications. This review critically analyzes the evidence for exosome-dependent signals between liver, pancreas, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and intestine – the five major metabolic tissues – in regulating insulin sensitivity, lipid metabolism, inflammation, and energy metabolism. While the importance of the tissue-specific exosomal components in metabolism is well-documented in experimental studies, the level of evidence has not been convincing, especially due to its reliance on pre-clinical models. Specifically, miRNAs found in exosomes like miR-122 and miR-375 have been proposed as biomarkers for various metabolic disorders; yet, their diagnostic value has not been validated in clinical populations due to low reproducibility. Engineered exosomes are currently explored for delivering therapy. Still, the efficacy of these approaches is hindered by various technical...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2026 in |
Ellagic acid, a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound is found in various fruits and vegetables and has attracted considerable attention due to its broad spectrum of biological and pharmacological properties. Several key aspects of ellagic acid, including its antioxidant activity, anti-cancer properties, anti-inflammatory effects, protective role in cardiovascular health, as well as its antibacterial and antiviral activities, were highlighted in prior research. The proposed UV method, found to be simple and novel. The developed method aligns with the concept of “green” solvents, aiming to minimize the environmental damage typically caused by solvent use in chemical production. Ethanol was chosen as the solvent Instead of all other alternatives. The absorbance of ellagic acid was measured in the UV range, and a λmax of 254 nm was identified. Recovery studies and statistical validation further supported the findings of the study. The drug follows linearity in the concentration range of 2–10µg/ml. The low values of % RSD are indicative of the accuracy and reproducibility of the method. Precision was assessed through repeatability tests....
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2026 in |
Objectives: Systemic antifungal therapy is widely used for dermatophytosis, but concerns regarding biochemical safety and adverse effects remain clinically relevant. This study aimed to compare the biochemical safety profile of oral itraconazole and terbinafine in patients with superficial dermatophytosis. Methods: In this prospective comparative clinical study, 180 adult patients with potassium hydroxide-confirmed superficial dermatophytosis were allocated into two groups (n=90 each). Group A received oral itraconazole 100 mg twice daily, and Group B received oral terbinafine 250 mg once daily for six weeks, and both groups received topical clotrimazole. Biochemical parameters, including serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), serum creatinine, and random blood sugar, were assessed at baseline and at six weeks. Adverse events were recorded. Data were expressed as mean ± standard error (SE), and statistical comparisons were performed using Student’s t-test and chi-square test. Results: No statistically significant changes in hepatic enzymes, renal function, or metabolic parameters were observed within or between groups after six weeks of therapy (p>0.05). Adverse events were mild...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2026 in |
In recent years, the popularity of silymarin, lauded for their nutritional and health benefits, has soared. Among these products, silymarin and its main constituent, silibinin, have a hepatoprotective effect due to their antioxidant activity as well as a membrane-stabilizing property that inhibits or stops the process of lipid peroxidation. Additionally, they may help avoid gallbladder and spleen diseases. It’s anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, and anti-diabetic qualities are well known. However, challenges related to standardization and quality control persist in the realm of herbal medicines, including silymarin supplements. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of widely used silymarin tablets from three different commercial brands, employing established pharmacopeia standards. Parameters assessed included post-formulation characteristics (diameter, thickness, hardness, friability, weight variation, and disintegration) and quantification of silibinin using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The findings confirmed that the investigated silymarin tablets adhered to specified post-formulation parameters, reinforcing their reliability as dietary supplements. The silibinin content determined by HPLC was found to be 40.60, 40.39 mg and 60.17 mg per tablet...
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