Posted by admin on Oct 1, 2012 in |
Diabetic cardiomyopathy is the presence of myocardial dysfunction in the absence of coronary artery disease and hypertension. Hyperglycemia seems to be central to the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy and to trigger a series of maladaptive stimuli that result in myocardial fibrosis and collagen deposition. These processes are thought to be responsible for altered myocardial relaxation characteristics and manifest as diastolic dysfunction on imaging. Sophisticated imaging technologies also have permitted the detection of subtle systolic dysfunction in the diabetic myocardium. In the early stages, these changes appear reversible with tight metabolic control, but as the pathologic processes become organized, the changes are irreversible and contribute to an excess risk of heart failure among diabetic patients independently of common comorbidities, such as coronary artery disease and hypertension. Therapeutic agents specifically targeting processes that lead to these pathophysiologic changes are in the early stages of development. Although glycemic control and early administration of neuro-hormonal antagonists remain the cornerstones of therapeutic approaches, newer treatment targets are currently being...
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Posted by admin on Oct 1, 2012 in |
Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) also commonly known as “patches” are dosage forms designed to deliver a therapeutically effective amount of drug across a patient’s skin. The therapeutic performance of a transdermal delivery system (TDS) can be affected by the quality of contact between the patch and the skin. The adhesion of the TDS to the skin is obtained by using pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs), which are defined as adhesives capable of bonding to surfaces with the application of light pressure. This article provides an overview of types of transdermal, the anatomical considerations and role of adhesion, the possible adhesion failure modes and how adhesion can be measured. Several in vitro techniques have been used to monitor adhesive performance such as peel adhesion, tack and shear strength. This article provides a frame work for further discussion and scientific work to improve transdermal adhesive...
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Posted by admin on Oct 1, 2012 in |
In this study, α-naphthyl acetic acid and mannitol were used as elicitors to improve the productivity of useful metabolite, vasicine for archiving high concentration in Justicia adhatoda L. cell suspension cultures. When the cells were treated with 3mg 100 ml-1 suspension of α-naphthyl acetic acid, the vasicine concentration was increased by 1.65 mg ml-1 in 15 days culture compared to untreated cells. 0.32M 100ml-1 mannitol could also promote the synthesis of vasicine in the cell cultures. After 15 days of the cell culture, it was found that the vasicine concentration was 1.48 mg ml-1 more than the control cell...
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Posted by admin on Oct 1, 2012 in |
Goal of the present investigation was to formulate ocular inserts of dorzolamide hydrochloride and timolol maleate for the treatment of glaucoma. Ocular inserts of dorzolamide hydrochloride and timolol maleate were prepared using different polymers ethylcellulose, Eudragit RL 100, and Eudragit RS100 by solvent casting method with an objective to increasing the contact time, achieving controlled release, reducing in frequency of administration, and improving therapeutic efficacy. The drug-excipients interaction was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies. Prepared ocular inserts were evaluated for their physicochemical properties such as uniformity of thickness, weight uniformity, tensile strength, percentage elongation, drug content, moisture loss, moisture absorption. The in vitro diffusion of drug from the inserts was studied using the classical biochemical donor – receptor compartment model fabricated in the laboratory and the formulation that showed better release profile was subjected to in vivo studies on albino-rabbits. Ocular irritation study was performed using healthy albino rabbits and confirmed that there was no irritation in the rabbit eyes. All the inserts were found to...
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Posted by admin on Oct 1, 2012 in |
Actinidia deliciosa (A. Chev.) C. F. Liang et A. R. Ferguson is a sub-family of the genus Actinidia, which is also known as Chinese gooseberry, kiwifruit, yangtao, etc. in China, and consists of 55–60 species. The genus Actinidia is a dioecious plant and is widely distributed on the Asian continent. It is also native to China and most of the species are cultured in the southwest of China. Out of all species, only A. deliciosa is intensely cultivated all over the world. In addition, the fruit of Actinidia deliciosa has been acclaimed for its native and medicinal values. It contains several phytoconstituents belonging to category of triterpenoids, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, quinones and steroids. The roots of Actinidia deliciosa has been used as a traditional drug in China for a long time and are reported as Chinese folk remedy for various diseases, such as hepatitis, pyorrhea, gingivitis, edema, rheumatoid arthritis, and also various forms of cancer. Kiwi fruit has been used as mild laxative and a rich source of Vitamins. The...
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