Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2023 in |
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a lifestyle disorder with a deficiency in insulin secretion or loss of insulin sensitivity in the body. As the prevalence is becoming more global, a focus was made on the innovation of analyzing the latest treatments. A prospective observational study on drug utilization patterns for diabetes was conducted on 119 diabetic patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital. A specified informed consent form was collected from the patients prior to the study. All the relevant data was collected and analyzed. In the present study, the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus was highest in patients aged 60-69 years, affecting 43.7% males and 56.3% females. The commonest co-morbid condition was hypertension (63%) followed by coronary artery disease (10.9%) and chronic kidney disease (9.2%). When it comes to the treatment, insulin was prescribed for about 90 (75.6%) diabetic patients, followed by oral hypoglycaemic agents (OHAs) (n=29; 24.4%). Amongst the drugs, it was also noted that 61 patients (51.2%) were administered metformin alone while the remaining patients...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2023 in |
In hospitals, blood transfusions are a common occurrence. Because blood-related products are limited and have a range of adverse side effects, researchers have worked on artificial blood components for nearly 40 years. It is crucial to develop effective and selective alternatives for natural blood products. Artificial blood is a useful idea in transfusion medicine wherein clearly defined compounds perform the functions of oxygen transport and distribution in the body to enhance allogeneic human blood transfusion. Several molecules are created over a long period of time to achieve this goal, and ongoing modifications are performed in the pursuit of the ideal blood substitute. Currently, perfluorocarbons (PFC) or haemoglobin derived from outdated human/bovine blood (Hemoglobin Based Oxygen Carriers; HBOC) are used to manufacture artificial blood. The focus of this review paper is to provide a comprehensive view of different developed products that can be used as blood...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2023 in |
A study has been undertaken to isolate potent fungi from the South-east coastal zone of Andhra Pradesh. Among the 11 fungal strains isolated and screened, one potent strain with broad-spectrum antagonistic activity was found. Based on the morphological, cultural, and molecular characteristics, the potent strain was identified as Tritirachium egenum. Production of bioactive metabolites by the strain was high in malt extract broth compared to other media tested. The strain utilized mannitol and ammonium sulphate as good carbon and nitrogen sources for the elaboration of antimicrobial metabolites. The optimum pH and temperature for bioactive metabolite production by strain were recorded at 4.0 and 30°C, respectively. The secondary metabolites produced by the strain grown under optimal conditions exhibited high antagonistic activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. This is the first report of antimicrobial metabolites produced by Tritirachium egenum isolated from the south-east coast of Andhra...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2023 in |
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia. It is related to increased stroke, heart failure, and hospital admission. Therefore, this systematic review was conducted to compare the effectiveness of calcium channel blockers (CCB) with beta-blockers (BB) for acute rate control of AF in the emergency department. Methods: We systematically retrieved articles written in English until December 2018 G.C. from the following databases: Embase, PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. A preferred reporting item for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) protocol was used. Result: Out of eight hundred two studies, three studies met our inclusion criteria with sufficient data. These studies were randomized double-blinded (n=152), comparing CCB with BB. The systemic review revealed that diltiazem was highly effective in reducing ventricular rate compared to metoprolol at each time interval (SMD=-0.78; 95%CI: -1.21 to -0.35). Adverse events were rare and similar, but calcium channel blockers reduced arrhythmia-related symptoms. Conclusion: There were insufficient data and a paucity of controlled clinical trial data. A well-designed and high-quality randomized...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2023 in |
The main aim of present investigation was to examine the potential of a microemulsion formulation developed through simplex lattice design as well as desirability function approach for transdermal delivery of BCS class II anti diabetic drug Glibenclamide. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were plotted by water titration method for multiple microemulsion formulations using oleic acid (oil), tween 80 (surfactant) ethanol (cosurfactant) mixture and water. The area of Pseudo ternary phase diagram was the basis of selecting surfactant cosurfactant ratio (i.e. 1:2).Simplex lattice design for microemulsion preparation was used to identify the effect of independent variables oil concentration (X1), scs concentration (X2) and water (X3) with response variables like percentage transmittance (Y1) as well as cumulative % drug permeation (Y2). Polynomial equations as well as model graphs obtained by performing simplex lattice design experiments were used to evaluate the effect of independent variables on responses. The concentration of surfactant cosurfactant mixture was directly related to transmittance and hydration of skin also affected the permeation. So there was significant effect on the responses...
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