Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2023 in |
Objective: Evaluation of in-vitro anti-cataract activity on the Cucumis melo L ethanolic extract seeds by glucose-induced cataract in incubated goat lenses. Methods: Anticataract activity is performed by using an isolated goat lens. The goat lens was divided into six groups. Group I: Lens was incubated in artificial aqueous Humor (Glucose 5.5 mM). Group II: Lens was incubated with artificial aqueous humor (Glucose 55 mM). Group III: Lens was incubated in artificial aqueous Humor (Glucose 55 mM) + 40 μg/ml of Ascorbic Acid; Group IV, V, and IV: Lens was incubated in artificial aqueous humor (Glucose 55 Mm) + 20 μg/ml, 40 μg/ml and 60 μg/ml of ethanolic extract of seeds on Cucumis melo L respectively and subjected to photographic evaluation for opacity; The lens was homogenized using tris buffer, and total protein and water-soluble proteins content were determined. Results: Photographic examination of the eyes showed that treatment with ethanolic extracts of the seeds of Cucumis melo L retarded the progression of lens opacification. Vitamin A, Ascorbic acid, β-carotene, Carotenoids, and Flavonoids these phytoconstituents possess antioxidant properties to reduce the...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2023 in |
This review aims to provide a brief overview of different mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of asthma, a variety of cells, and mediators released from these cells, which have an important role in the pathophysiology of asthma. Asthma is a heterogeneous disease which having complex pathophysiology and affects many individuals. Asthma is an inflammatory disease in the airway, leading to airway hyperresponsiveness, obstruction, mucus hyper-production, and airway wall remodeling. Status asthmatics is characterized by hypoxemia, hypercarbia, and secondary respiratory failure. The structural, mechanical, and inflammatory abnormalities related to asthma and the different mediators like histamine, cytokines, leukotrienes, thromboxane’s inflammatory cells eosinophils, mast cells are important in asthma pathophysiology. TGF-h and IL-11 are the main cytokines that are involved in airway remodeling. Mast cells are responsible for initiating inflammatory responses after exposure to allergens and the resulting immediate bronchoconstriction. Macrophages releasing the mediators may be responsible for amplifying the inflammatory process. Dendritic cells act as antigen-presenting cells and play a role in the chemotaxis of T cells. Eosinophils are a...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2023 in |
Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder in clinical practice requiring newer targets for its efficient treatment. Recently, brain renin-angiotensin system has gained immense importance because of its involvement in seizure regulation. Hence, the present study was planned to evaluate whether angiotensin II AT1 receptor antagonists possess anticonvulsant activity in experimental animals. Forty- eight Swiss albino mice were divided into 8 groups: Control – distilled water (5ml/kg), Standard – ethosuximide 200mg/kg, T1- telmisartan 5mg/kg, T2- telmisartan 8mg/kg, V1- valsartan 10mg/kg, V2- valsartan 20mg/kg, E+T2- ethosuximide 200mg/kg+ telmisartan 8mg/kg, E+V2- ethosuximide 200mg/kg+ valsartan 20mg/kg. After 1 hour of administration of control, test and standard drugs intraperitonally, convulsions were induced by administering pentylenetetrazol (60mg/kg- s.c). The time of onset of myoclonic spasm and clonic convulsion were the parameters recorded. The results were analysed by one-way- ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s t test. Telmisartan 8mg/kg, valsartan 10mg/kg, valsartan 20mg/kg significantly increased the latency of onset of myoclonic spasm and clonic convulsion (p< 0.05) as compared to control. The combinations of (ethosuximide + telmisartan 8mg/kg)...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2023 in |
Obesity is related with a number of metabolic difficulties, growing obesity may disrupt hormonal and metabolic systems, which may lead to the body storing extra energy in a variety of forms. The amount of total energy the body has stored as fat is negatively associated with the rate at which leptin circulates in the bloodstream, which is predominantly produced by adipose tissue. It is widely accepted that central serotonin contributes to the inhibition of hunger in mammals and recent reviews have elucidated the mechanisms behind these effects. The hypothalamus regulates hunger as well as energy homeostasis. The digestive tract and adipose tissues are just two examples of peripheral afferent signals that complex brain networks combine to create efferent responses that regulate food intake and energy use. Origin of ghrelin in the circulation is the abdomen and gut. Dopaminergic circuits are used to control intake of food, according to research on human brain imaging. According to the carbohydrate-insulin paradigm, adipose tissue’s endocrine dysregulation rather than acting as a passive fat-accumulator...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2023 in |
Gastric inflammation and ulceration are directly associated with accumulating reactive oxygen species, interleukins, TNF-α, and depletion of antioxidants. In addition to the frequent use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, gastric lesions are also provoked by stress, alcohol consumption and Helicobacter pylori. Among other NSAIDs, Indomethacin has been very effective compound to generate a gastric ulcer in rats’ gastric tissues. Ulcer of stomach generated by using Indomethacin involves the production of reactive oxygen species and upregulation of the activity as well as expression of matrix-metalloproteinase (MMPs). Various laboratory studies reveal that compounds from natural origin modify various metabolic disorders by changing pathological and physiological process. It can be a preventive method for various diseases including gastric ulcers. This project aimed to discover the anti-ulcerative effect of methanolic crude leaves extract on gastric ulcers induced by Indomethacin and cold stress in rodent’s model. Crude Neem leaves extract significantly inhibited gastric cancer cells survival in the cell culture model, protection in Indomethacin and stress induced gastric...
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