Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2026 in |
Kwatha Kalpana is a fundamental pharmaceutical dosage form in Ayurveda, widely used as a base for multiple formulations. Variations in preparation techniques such as water proportion, heating duration, and extraction methods may significantly influence phytochemical composition and therapeutic efficacy. The present study aimed to comparatively evaluate the effect of different Kwatha preparation techniques on the qualitative and quantitative presence of Arjunic acid in Arjuna Kwatha using High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC). Authenticated Arjuna bark was processed and Kwatha was prepared using four techniques: conventional method (16 and 8 parts water), time-based method (1–4 hours boiling), Soxhlet extraction (60°C, 80°C, 100°C), and pressure cooker method (30 minutes). A total of ten batches were analyzed. Pharmaceutical parameters such as time, fuel consumption, and yield were recorded. HPTLC fingerprinting and quantification were performed using Arjunic acid as a marker compound. Results showed maximum Arjunic acid content in Soxhlet extraction at 100°C (0.0181%), followed by the conventional method with 8 parts water (0.0166%). Time-based heating showed gradual increase in marker content, while the...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2026 in |
Oxidative stress results from an imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species and the body’s antioxidant defense mechanisms, leading to cellular damage. Antioxidants play a vital role in neutralizing free radicals and preventing oxidative injury. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the in-vitro antioxidant activity of synthesized 1, 3, 4-oxadiazole–benzothiazole derivatives using the Oyaizu reducing power method. Compound C3 and Compound V3 [2-(5′-substituted phenyl)-1′,3′,4′-oxadiazol-2′-yl amino)-6-fluoro-7-substituted (1,3)-benzothiazole derivatives], were assessed for their reducing ability by measuring the conversion of ferric ions (Fe3+) to ferrous ions (Fe2+) at 700 nm. Ascorbic acid was used as the standard antioxidant. Both compounds exhibited concentration-dependent antioxidant activity in the range of 20–120 µg/mL. Compound V3 showed a 34.65% increase in reducing power, while compound C3 showed a 32.33% increase at 120 µg/mL concentration. The results indicate that the synthesized 1, 3, 4-oxadiazole–benzothiazole derivatives may have antioxidant qualities based on their observed reducing potential. However, further research is needed to validate their biological relevance, including in-vivo studies, acute toxicity assessments, and other antioxidant...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2026 in |
Siva Nama Rasam (SNR) is a traditional Siddha herbo-mineral formulation used to manage pain and inflammation. The present study evaluated its anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities in rodent models. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed in Wistar albino rats using carrageenan-induced paw edema, while analgesic activity was evaluated in Swiss albino mice using the hot plate test. Animals were divided into control, standard, and three SNR treatment groups at low, mid, and high doses. In the carrageenan-induced paw edema model, high-dose SNR (18 mg/kg) significantly reduced paw volume, with maximum inhibition of 93.36% at 5 hours (P < 0.001), comparable to indomethacin (95.58%). Mid-dose SNR (15 mg/kg) showed 80.09% inhibition (P < 0.001), while low-dose (12 mg/kg) achieved 27.88% inhibition. In the hot plate test, high-dose (25 mg/kg) SNR increased reaction time by 71.80% at 120 minutes (P < 0.001), mid-dose (21 mg/kg) by 49.29% (P < 0.001), and low-dose (17 mg/kg) by 20.33% (P < 0.01), compared to control, whereas pentazocine produced 99.04% increase. Results indicate a clear dose-dependent response for...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2026 in |
Objective: Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of Minocycline: an experimental study. Background: Recently some studies have shown that minocycline may have pleiotropic biologic activities besides its antimicrobial activity. Due to these actions, minocycline may be useful in the treatment of pathological conditions in which acute or chronic inflammation is involved, such as rheumatoid arthritis, neurodegenerative and dermatological diseases. Methods: Wistar rats of either sex weighing 180-250 g were used for evaluating anti-inflammatory activity of minocycline (100mg/kg i.p.) by carrageenan induced rat paw edema and formalin induced arthritis models were used. Results: Minocycline in the dose 100mg/kg showed statistically significant anti-inflammatory activity in both acute and chronic model of inflammation i.e. Carrageenan- induced pawoedema and Formalin – induced arthritis model respectively. Conclusion: Minocycline possesses anti-inflammatory activity. However, further studies need to be carried out to evaluate its anti-inflammatory...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2026 in |
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a significant stroke risk factor that can affect the distribution of stroke subtypes, clinical presentation, and prognosis. The purpose of this study was to compare the features of stroke in patients with and without diabetes and to assess the function of the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) in conjunction with traditional risk factors. Methods: From November 2024 to April 2025, a prospective observational study was conducted at Narayana Medical College and Hospital in Nellore. A total of 200 consecutive stroke patients were recruited and categorized according to their diabetes status. Demographics, medical history, presenting symptoms, laboratory tests (fasting lipids for AIP, blood glucose, HbA1c) and were categorized according to Modified Rankin Scale scores. A comparison between types of stroke (Chi-square), distribution of risk factors in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients were seen. AIP was compared along the stroke subtypes using One-way ANOVA. Conclusion: Stroke rates and poor functional outcomes rise with age, especially in elderly populations. Ischemic stroke is the most prevalent subtype. Although diabetes, AIP,...
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