Posted by admin on Aug 1, 2014 in |
Micronutrient deficiencies such as potassium, magnesium and calcium are very common in the general population and it is more predominantly present in the individuals with hypertension and cardiovascular patients. These deficiencies will have a massive impact on present and future cardiovascular health outcomes such as hypertension, myocardial infarction, stroke, etc. Recent efforts to reduce the prevalence of hypertension have focused on non-pharmacologic means, specifically diet in order to overcome micronutrient deficiencies. From most of the studies it is evident that an increased intake of minerals such as potassium, magnesium, and calcium by dietary means to reduce blood pressure in patients with hypertension. This article also focuses on how these minerals influence vaso dilation, rennin- angiotension and aldosterone system, natriuresis, sympathetic nervous system nitric oxide production and vascular injury. On the whole, this review will talk about the roles of potassium, magnesium, and calcium in the prevention and treatment of hypertension with specific emphasis on clinical trial evidence, mechanism of action, and recommendations for dietary intake of these...
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Posted by admin on Aug 1, 2014 in |
Biological/Toxicological activity of Cobra venom (CV) is usually estimated in terms of LD50 which varies at each time of test, when stored in liquid condition at non-native environment, as the CV contains most unstable complex proteins in it. Prepared & stored working solution of cobra venom at 5±3ºC in liquid condition for experimentation without any stabilizing agent, it becomes unstable and show huge variations in LD50 test result (performed on Swiss albino mice, weight: 17-22g). Such variations in biological activity of CV have adverse impact on venom dependent potency test of anti-snake venom sera (ASVS) which has direct commercial value. In this study, working stock solution of CV was prepared in the three different diluent sets (B, C and D) of solutions commonly used in laboratories and stored at 5±3ºC, which was tested for LD50 at pre-defined interval, up to 120 days. Obtain results were statistically calculated for variation from mean value in terms of Standard deviation (SD).The study result indicates that if the working stock solution of CV...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2014 in |
Herbal Medicines (HM) and their preparations have been widely used for hundreds of years all over the world. However, they have not been officially recognized due to lack of adequate or accepted research methodology for their evaluation. Traditional systems of Indian Herbal medicine include Ayurveda, Yoga, Naturopathy, Unani and Siddha. Among them Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani systems (ASU) use plants, minerals and animal products as main drugs to cure various ailments. The quality and safety of these herbal products has now become a serious issue due to increasing pollution in air, water, soil, etc. Pharmacognostical analysis of medicinal herbs remains challenging issues for analytical chemists, as herbs are a complicated system of mixtures. This review emphasizes the significance of NIR methods in the discrimination of much herbal medicine from closely related species and from adulterants. The quality of samples from different localities and growing conditions based on their geographical origin may vary. Thus, the identification of crude herbs based on geographical origins is crucial in order to ensure authenticity,...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2014 in |
Background &Objective: To explore possible protective effect of neem leaf extract against methotrexate induced genotoxicity in the somatic cells (wing primordial) of Drosophila melanogaster. Methods: In the first phase of the experiment, neem leaf extract (NLE) at two doses was tested in the somatic cells (wing primordia) of Drosophila melanogaster (3rd instar trans heterozygous larvae resulting from cross of two bioactive strains) to probe effect on mutagenicity. In the second phase, effect of NLE at two doses (2.5% & 5%) was studied to probe its role in prevention of methotrexate induced genotoxicity. Concurrent negative control was run simultaneously in each experiment, where the larvae were exposed to the solvent (distilled water). The effect was observed and quantified under microscope as the number of spots (Clones) per wing. Results & interpretation: Only higher concentration of NLE (5%) showed significantly higher spontaneous mutation (2.7%) compared to untreated control group. Methotrexate induced 12.01 spots per wing (positive control). NLE at both doses (2.5 % & 5%) when administered concurrently with methotrexate, average...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2014 in |
In the present work six new benzoxazole derivatives were synthesized adopting the suitably selected scheme. The synthetic methodology included the synthesis of 2-(2-aminophenyl) benzoxazole (D1) by the reaction of anthranilic acid with 2-aminophenol in poly phosphoric acid. Substituted chloroacetanilides (A1-A6) were synthesized by the reaction of substituted anilines with chloroacetyl chloride. Finally compound 2-(2-(benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl) phenylamino)-N-(substituted phenyl) acetamide (2A-2F) were synthesized by the fusion of 2-(2-aminophenyl) benzoxazole (D1) and substituted chloroacetanilides (A1-A6). All the aynthesized compounds were subjected to antimicrobial screening against the bacterial strains i.e., Bacillus subtilis (MTCC-619), Streptococcus pneumonia (recultured), Escherichia coli (NCTC 6571) and Staphylococcus aureus (NCTC 7447). The compounds were also tested for antifungal potential against two fungal strains i.e. Aspergilus. Niger (NCIM NO. 618) and Candida albicans (NCYC 597). In all the testing a significant correlation existed between the antimicrobial potential and the concentration of test...
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