Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2021 in |
Objective: The objective was to study drug-drug interaction between Lornoxicam and oral hypoglycemic agents in normal and Streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats. Material and Method: The protocol was blueprinted in two phases. In the first segment, the influence of Glibenclamide (0.7mg/kg/p.o.) and Glipizide (1.05mg/kg/p.o.) once daily on blood glucose levels in normoglycemic rats were studied and then the influence of Lornoxicam (1.64 mg/kg/p.o. once daily) pre-treatment on the hypoglycemic activity studied. Along with, the influence of Lornoxicam treatment for seven consecutive days (per se effect) on blood glucose levels was also studied in normoglycemic rats. In the second phase of the study, Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were used to assess the influence of Lornoxicam pre-treatment on Glibenclamide and Glipizide induced hypoglycemic effect in pathophysiological conditions. Blood samples were collected at accepted hiatus of 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0, 12.0, 18.0 and 24.0 h subsequent to drug treatment. All blood samples were evaluated for plasma glucose by the glucose oxidase peroxidase method (GOD/POD). Results: The findings suggested that Lornoxicam influences the hypoglycemic action of...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2021 in |
Currently, oral drug delivery and parenteral drug delivery are used for the treatment of various diseases. In the oral drug delivery system, due to the first-pass metabolism and acidic environment of the gastrointestinal route, the drug exposes to acids and enzymes present in the gastrointestinal tract, which may lead to degradation of the compound, which ultimately results in poor bioavailability of the molecule. On the other hand, the parenteral drug delivery system has its own disadvantages as it is invasive and needs skilled personnel for administration. To overcome these problems, the transdermal drug delivery system is introduced as a novel approach, and recently there is tremendous interest in transdermal drug delivery systems. A transdermal patch is a medicated adhesive patch winch that is placed onto the skin to deliver the appropriate dose of the drug through the skin and directly into the bloodstream. In this, transdermal patches are prepared for drug penetration through the skin layer (Stratum corneum barrier). To avoid the stratum corneum barrier, the microneedle-based transdermal drug...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2021 in |
Gene targeting has been a promising drug delivery system, thereby helping to improve the impaired functioning in various disorders. “Lipoplexes” and “Polyplexes” incorporates lipids and polymers combined with bioactive molecules, drugs, or genes are one of the newly developing systems. The need to protect genes from degradation, allowing them to reach their target site and to promote an efficient endosomal escape, to achieve this, the delivery system has been developed. Formulation studies and clinical trials are carried out on these systems, and they are found to be very useful in the treatment of various disorders such as Cancer, Parkinsonism, Cystic Fibrosis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Antisense Therapy, and others. The major advantage of these systems over existing liposomal delivery is that they have gene silencing activity and are highly non-immunogenic & non-viral techniques of delivering genes to the target site. Encapsulating the drug within the lipids or the polymers and targeting them at the specific site reduces the non-specific reactions. The current review article focuses on the formation, mechanism of action,...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2021 in |
The aim of this study is to evaluate metformin and insulin effects on metabolic disorders and oxydatif stress markers, in Algerian men with T2D, in order to recommend the best treatment, which can minimize diabetes complications and recommend/or not a combination between metformin and insulin. Patients and Methods: We made this study on 120 subjects men divided into four groups (30 healthy control, 30 T2D without treatment, 30 T2D with metformin, and 30 T2D with insulin). Blood samples are collected for the determination of biochemical parameters (glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol, high and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and oxidative markers (superoxide anion, nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, carbonyl proteins, oxygen radical absorbance capacity, vitamin C, catalase, glutathione). Results: Compared with healthy subjects, diabetic patients had altered lipid levels (cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol) and high levels of pro-oxidant intra-cellular markers (O2•-, CP and MDA) associated to low concentrations of anti-oxidants (Vitamin C, catalase, and GSH). Our results show that insulin reduces more lipid parameters than metformin, moreover, the oxidant/antioxidant status became normal in patients...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2021 in |
For the last few centuries, the leaves of Stevia rebaudiana have been used as an efficient substitute for sugar due to its sweetness and almost negligible Glycemic effects. The study concentrates on the pharmacognostic aspects and other anatomical characteristics of the leaves. The study is performed on the plant leaves collected from the medicinal plant garden of Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, India. The study is purely concentrated on finding various morphological characteristics and microscopic characteristics of the leaves. The microscopic characterization includes understanding the various anatomical characters of the leaves as well as the identification of the various diagnostic characteristics related to the leaves. Leaf constants, such as the Stomatal index, Stomatal number, Palisade ratio, vein-islet, and vein termination numbers, were also determined. The study also aims to determine various physicochemical parameters such as Moisture content, total ash, and extractive values. Preliminary phytochemical characterization of the aqueous extract of the leaves was also...
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