Volume 13 (2022) - Issue 8, August
Review Articles
MEDICINAL EFFECTS OF NIGELLA SATIVA IN GYNECOLOGICAL DISORDERS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Comprehensive search of previously published research was conducted in PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and google scholar databases for studies published between 2012 and August 2021. The keywords used in combination to search for articles included Nigella sativa and “Gynecology”. In the first stage, the total articles obtained from searching the above databases using the above keywords were p...
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CARDIAC REMODELING: A HARMFUL OR PROTECTIVE MECHANISM OF MYOCARDIUM
Cardiac remodeling is a progressive morphological change of the myocardium in response to various pathophysiological overloads. Cardiac remodeling occurs due to various mechanisms associated with GPCR and growth receptors. Fundamentally cardiac remodeling is an adaptive mechanism of the myocardium against various overloads. However, depending upon the frequency, strength, and type of overload, the...
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EFFECTIVENESS OF GUANFACINE IN SMOKING CESSATION – A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Background: Guanfacine is a drug used to treat ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) and treatment for hypertension from 1986, approved by the FDA. Recently it had been deduced that Guanfacine could also be employed in smoking cessation as a pharmaceutical aid. This could be attributed to the physiological effect that the drug has on the human body, such as decreased heart rate and blood...
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EFFECTS OF AYURVEDIC THERAPY FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF AUTISM IN CHILDREN: A REVIEW
Introduction: Autism is a group of psycho-neuro-developmental diseases in which children fail to acquire social interaction and other regular motor and verbal milestones, and some developmental issues are suspected. According to recent reports, prevalence rates have risen drastically from 4-6/10,000 in the early 1960s to 40-60/10,000 now. According to Ayurvedic literature, Unmada is a term for psy...
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AN OVERVIEW ON HUMAN ETHER-A-GO-GO-RELATED GENE ASSAY
hERG (human ether-à-go-go-related gene) encodes a potassium ion channel which involved in ventricular repolarization at the end of a cardiac action potential. Mutations in hERG channel result in torsade’s de pointes. The cardiotoxicity is mainly due to the prolongation of the QT interval caused by the blockage of hERG. Indeed, many therapeutic drugs are withdrawn from the market as well as drug...
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REVIEW ON ROLE OF NUTRACEUTICALS IN STRESS MANAGEMENT
Stress is a complicated process that affects everyone differently. When the body is exposed to stressors, it initiates a series of coordinated responses called "stress responses," which include behavioral changes, immunological regulation, hormone release, and various physiological changes. Stress is the physiological response to risk or pressure, and it displays physically as fatigue or energy lo...
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DIFFERENT TYPES OF DIAGNOSTIC AND TREATMENT METHODS FOR ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA AND APPLICATIONS OF EXTRACELLULAR THERAPEUTIC ENZYME L-ASPARAGINASE
The extracellular L-Asparaginase is an amidase group enzyme. In recent years enzymes gained greater importance in clinical research. The enzyme's capability to convert L-Asparagine into Aspartic acid and ammonia is the motivation after its anti-cancer action. ALL is a type of hematologic cancer that mainly affects children at the age of 2 to 10 years. L-asparaginase is a basic constituent of ALL a...
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HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic disorder that is characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy unexplained by secondary causes and a nondilated left ventricle with preserved or increased ejection fraction. It is commonly asymmetrical, with the most severe hypertrophy involving the basal interventricular septum. The histological features of HCM include myocyte hypertrophy and disarra...
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ETHICAL LANDSCAPE OF HERBAL MEDICINES
Remarkable numbers of people have a false belief in naturally obtained herbal medicines as they are safe to use, omitting the fact that herbal medicines have pharmacological action like allopathic medicines. Many plants are poisonous and there is less safety data available for herbal medicines. Adverse drug reactions associated with herbal medicines are overdose and toxicity, herb interactions and...
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A REVIEW ON THE CURRENT STATUS OF MULTI-DRUG RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS AND ITS FUTURE PROSPECTS
Infectious diseases are the most significant cause of fatalities worldwide. Staphylococcus aureus could be a common human infective microorganism that will trigger various infectious diseases, like soft tissue and skin infections, osteomyelitis, bacteremia, endocarditis, and fatal respiratory illnesses. In recent decades, because of the evolution of microorganisms and the abuse of antibiotics, the...
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BIOTECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATION OF PECTINASE
Pectinase is a collection of enzymes that degrade pectin into simpler compounds known as galacturonic acids. Microbes and plants largely produce pectinase, and it has a wide range of biotechnological applications in food, agriculture, industry, the environment and medicine. Fruit juices, coffee, cocoa, tea, jams and jellies are all made with pectinase in the food industry. Furthermore, pectinase, ...
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PHYTOACTIVE AS CHELATORS OF IRON WITH THE POTENTIAL TO MITIGATE ITS SIDE EFFECTS AND ENHANCE IRON ABSORPTION
Iron deficiency anaemia afflicts a large proportion of the human population, compromising productivity and quality of life. Iron supplements are widely prescribed for treating anaemia. However, poor compliance due to side effects, particularly gastrointestinal side effects, remain a hurdle in alleviating the problem, leading to unabated high prevalence. Thus, a fresh look at novel approaches to ...
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MARSDENIA TENACISSMA: A REVIEW ON ITS TAXONOMY & ITS MEDICINAL APPLICATION
Marsdenia tenacissima (MT), a traditional herbal medicine (Family Asclepiadaceae), during the past several years, there has been increasing interest in the uses of various medicinal plants from the traditional system of medicine for the treatment of different ailments. The present review highlights the pharmacognosy, phytochemistry, and pharmacological study of Marsdenia tenacissima. In this, phar...
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A BRIEF REVIEW ON HIBISCUS SABDARIFFA LINN WITH THEIR MEDICINAL USES AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY
Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn is a medicinal plant commonly known as Rosella, Sorrel, Jamaica, red-Ambadi, Queensland jelly plant etc. belonging to the family Malvaceae. Since ancient times, it has played an important role in treating various diseases. It enlarges great importance for its therapeutic potential. It is native to India, tropical Africa, and many countries like Brazil, Australia, Hawaii, F...
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EXPLORATION OF INDIAN SARSAPARILLA HEMIDESMUS INDICUS (L.)
From the primordial times' plants are standard as a chief resource for mankind. In the traditional system of medicine, Indian sarsaparilla Hemidesmus indicus (Family Asclepiadaceae) is a commonly well-known medicinal plant. This plant contains various phytoconstituents belonging to flavonoids, tannins, glycoside, sterols, and volatile oil. In the traditional system, the plant Hemidesmus indicus is...
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INVESTIGATIONAL TREATMENT OF COVID-19
The novel coronavirus disorder 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak commenced in early December 2019 in the capital metropolis of Wuhan, Hubei province, People’s Republic of China and precipitated a world pandemic on march 11, 2020. Though some the international locations have succeeded in slowing down the price of the unfold of this pandemic, most the international locations throughout the globe are nevert...
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TINOSPORA CORDIFOLIA – FROM A HUMBLE PLANT TO THE MOST BASIC INGREDIENT FOR FOOD – AN OVERVIEW
Natural products with medicinal value are becoming increasingly important in food preservation. Tinospora cordifolia, a plant commonly known as Guduchi, is highly beneficial in the medicinal field and has been used for centuries to treat various diseases. Due to the discovery of active components in Tinospora species and their potential for disease control, this plant has gained interest across th...
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COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF ACACIA LEUCOPHLOEA (ROXB.): TRADITIONAL USES, PHYTOCHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Herbal remedies have been utilized in medical practice for thousands of years and are recognized notably as a significant and widely available resource for health treatment. Traditional botanicals and herbal supplements have been deemed to be mild, non-toxic and even safe due to their natural nature. Acacia leucophloea (Roxb.) Willd. belongs to the family Mimosaceae, recognized as a diverse reso...
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Research Articles
IN-SILICO DESIGN AND DOCKING STUDY OF SOME 4-(10-ACETYL-10H-PHENO-THIAZINES-3-YL)-1-PHENYLAZETIDIN-2-ONE DERIVATIVES
Background: The current study used computational approaches to investigate the molecular, physicochemical and drug-like properties of some 4-(10-acetyl-10H-phenothiazines-3-yl)-1-phenylazetidin-2-one derivatives. Methods: The structures of the compounds were drawn using Chemdraw ultra12 and smiles were generated using ACD chem sketch software. The physicochemical and molecular properties were calc...
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NOVEL FORMULATION AND ANALYTICAL EVALUATION OF BI-LAYERED TABLETS OF ENALAPRIL MALEATE, HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE AND NIFEDIPINE
The present research is intended for the formulation development, optimization, and in-vitro evaluation of bi-layer tablets containing Enalapril maleate, hydrochlorothiazide in the immediate release layer and Nifedipine in the sustained release layer based on GEMINEX technology. The impact of formulation variables such as combination of polymers and coating solution on the drug release was evaluat...
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GREEN SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES (AGNPS) USING MANILKARA ZAPOTA FRUIT EXTRACT: POTENTIAL ROLE IN CATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF METHYLENE BLUE DYE
Present study reported a simple, rapid, eco-friendly and economical method for efficient production of AgNPs utilizing Manilkara zapota (M. zapota) extract. UV-Vis spectroscopic analysis was employedto ascertain the formation and stability of the synthesized AgNPs. The AgNPs were further characterized using TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy), DLS, FT-IR, and XRD. The AgNPs exhibited a clear SP...
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ANALGESIC ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC, HEXANE AND CHLOROFORM EXTRACTS OF SESAME SEED BY THERMAL HEAT METHOD IN ALBINO MICE
Background: Pain is a common symptom having huge public health importance. Conventional analgesics relieve pain effectively but cause various unwanted side effects. Hence the search for a novel analgesic with favourable risk-benefit profile is essential. Objectives: The current study was undertaken to investigate the analgesic activity of the ethanolic, hexane and chloroform extracts of sesame see...
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EXPLORING THE DIVERSITY OF ENTEROPATHOGENS IN NEONATES
Diarrhea alters the movement of ions and water that follows an osmotic gradient and leads to Loose, watery stools, abdominal cramps, abdominal pain, fever, bloating, blood, and mucus in the stool. Numerous critical cases have been observed in both infants and adults. The main objective of this study is based on an exploration of risk factors of diarrheal infection caused in neonates by entering pa...
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USING AN IMMUNOINFORMATIC APPROACH, IDENTIFICATION OF B-CELL ENVELOPE PROTEOME FOR MULTIPATHOGENIC DENGUE AND ZIKA VIRUSES
Mosquitoes are carriers of the DENV and ZIKV diseases. DENV and ZIKV are epitopes. The current performance and technique of some of the most frequently used B-cell epitope predictors used for DV and ZV proteomes are reviewed in this paper. Our specific prediction methods, ABC pred, BC pred, and AAP Methods, as well as FBC pred, were utilized to predict 1529 B cell epitopes. For the B cell epitops,...
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COMPARISON AND EVALUATION OF DISPENSING ERRORS FROM 2017 TO 2018 AT KING ABDULAZIZ MEDICAL CITY (KAMC) AND KING ABDULLAH SPECIALIZED CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL (KASCH), RIYADH, THROUGH THE SAFETY REPORTING SYSTEM (SRS)
Any errors in medical dispensing may threaten the patient's life. Hence, this research aimed to compare and evaluate the dispensing errors and to identify its prevalence and severity through the safety reporting system (SRS) and providing feedback at “King Abdulaziz Medical City, Central Region (KAMC-CR)” and “King Abdullah Specialized Children’s Hospital (KASCH)”.The KAMC-SRS was used t...
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CONTROLLED DELIVERY OF METFORMIN: FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND IN-VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF MATRIX TABLETS USING NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC POLYMERS
Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that has become increasingly evident, necessitating more stable and continuous therapeutic monitoring. Metformin Hydrochloride, being the primary treatment choice in type II Diabetes, presents certain limitations like improper GI absorption and the need for multiple dosing. Controlled drug delivery proves to be a better option in such conditions to...
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EVALUATION OF RATIONAL DRUG USE AND EFFICACY OF VARIOUS COMBINATIONS OF ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUGS COMMONLY PRESCRIBED FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF HYPERTENSION IN CKD PATIENTS AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
To evaluate the rational drug use and efficacy evaluation of various combinations of Antihypertensive drugs commonly prescribed for the management of hypertension in CKD patients at tertiary care hospitals. This is an observational and comparative study. A randomized trial was carried out in 300 patients after obtaining the consent for 1 year in a tertiary care hospital in Mahabubnagar. The data c...
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SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF NEWER COUMARIN DERIVATIVES AS ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
For the synthesis of a series of novel Coumarin derivatives, an efficient and easy approach has been designed. 1H-NMR and Fourier Transformed Infrared (FTIR) characterize the structures of freshly synthesized compounds, which are then evaluated for antibacterial activity in vitro by calculating the zone of inhibition and minimum inhibitory concentration. The antibacterial and antifungal activity o...
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VITAMIN C, THIAMINE AND HYDROCORTISONE IN SEPTIC SHOCK: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS
Background: Sepsis leads to approximately 11 million deaths annually. Objectives: We studied the effectiveness of using a combination of intravenous hydrocortisone (50mg QID), Ascorbic Acid (1.5g QID), and Thiamine (200mg BD) (HAT) to reduce mortality among septic patients compared to a historical control group. Materials and Methods: This retrospective, observational study was conducted between J...
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EVALUATION OF SEEDS OF AN INDIAN SACRED PLANT AEGLE MARMELOS, FOR THEIR ANTIOXIDANT AND CYTOTOXIC POTENTIAL
Introduction: The seeds of Aegle marmelos (bael) are less explored for their therapeutic activity; cytotoxic activity of bael seeds was yet to be studied. The present study aims at finding the cytotoxic activity of the successive extracts and the flavonoid fraction from the methanolic extract of the seeds. Methods: The extracts were prepared using solvents (petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl aceta...
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ANTIBIOTICS SENSITIVITY PATTERN OF E. COLI SPECIES ISOLATED AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Worldwide antimicrobial resistance is a serious problem and differs from region to region. This study has designed the determination of the incidence and sensitivity pattern of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and discusses the general issues related to antimicrobial resistance. Prospective study was carried out between JAN to April 2020. Samples of urine, blood, pus and miscellaneous (fluids, swabs and...
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ROBUST SIMPLE ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUE FOR DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF STABILITY INDICATING ASSAY METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF TENELIGLIPTIN IN PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM
As per the ICH guidelines and regulatory authorities' worldwide, it has become mandatory to establish a stability-indicating assay method (SIAM) for the drug substance (DS) and drug product (DP) to generate the stability data. It was undertaken to develop a precise, accurate, reliable, rapid, simple and specific method for estimating Teneligliptin free of interference from its probable degradation...
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EVALUATION OF ANTI-ALZHEIMER ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF ORIGANUM VULGARE LEAVES IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS
Alzheimer's disease, the most frequent cause of dementia, is a major global health concern with enormous societal and individual ramifications. Some of the hallmarks linked with AD include a decrease in acetylcholine (ACh) levels in the synapse, the buildup of extracellular beta-amyloid plaques, and tau protein intraneuronal tangles. Low levels of ACh have been linked to memory and reasoning probl...
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STUDY OF SPECIFICITY, SENSITIVITY, EFFICIENCY & CLINICAL CORRELATION BETWEEN TIMP-1 AND MIF PROTEIN AS BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS IN COLORECTAL CANCER PATIENTS
Background: Colorectal cancer is the fifth most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in India. The incidence, mortality, and prevalence rates are consistently higher. Precautionary measures in preventing colorectal cancer still remain a challenging issue. Aims and Objectives: This study was undertaken to correlate the specificity, sensitivity & efficiency of TIMP-1 and ...
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CARDIOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF SANDAL WOOD (SANTALUM ALBUM LINN.): AN EXPERIMENTAL TRAIL
Background: In the Unani System of Medicine, Sandal safed (Sandalwood) is used in many cardiac problems as it possesses Mufarreh (exhilarant) and Muqawwi Qalb (cardiotonic) activities. The present study was designed to evaluate the cardioprotective effect of Sandal safed in Isoproterenol-induced Myocardial Infarction. Methods: Male Wistar rats, weighing 150-200gm, divided into five groups of ten i...
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DESIGN AND MOLECULAR DOCKING STUDIES OF N1-CHLOROACETYL-7-SUBSTITUTED- 4-METHYL-1, 5-BENZODIAZEPINE-2-ONE DERIVATIVES
Molecular Docking is an effective and competent tool for in-silico screening. It is playing an important and ever-increasing role in rational drug design. The main application lies in this structure-based virtual screening is the identification of new active compounds towards a particular target protein. In present investigation, few N1-chloroacetyl-7-substituted- 4-methyl-1, 5-benzodiazepine-2-on...
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COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ANALGESIC ACTIVITY OF SSRI (FLUOXETINE) AND SNRI (DULOXETINE AND VENLAFAXINE) IN EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED CHRONIC NEUROPATHIC PAIN MODEL
Objectives: To investigate and compare the analgesic effect of fluoxetine (FLU), duloxetine (DUL) and venlafaxine (VEN) in animal models of chronic pain. Methods: Chronic pain was induced in albino rats using spared nerve injury and vincristine. Rats were divided into Control group/ Normal Saline (NS5), DUL group, FLU group, and VEN group. In spared nerve injury, sural branch of sciatic nerve was ...
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ANTI-DIABETIC ACTIVITY OF THE METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF SEEDS OF SYZYGIUM CUMINI IN STZ-INDUCED TYPE I DIABETES IN RATS
Background: Syzygium cumini (SC) usually acknowledged as Jamun. All components of the Jamun may keep used medicinally because of a wide range of diseases like cough, diabetes, dysentery and inflammation. Objectives: Present investigational on the anti-diabetic activity of the methanolic extract seeds of SC in STZ-induced Type I Diabetes in rats. Methods: Extracted SC was to be evaluated the toxici...
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ASSESSING THE FLOATING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM USING THE MODEL ANTI-DIABETIC DRUG GLIMEPIRIDE
Floating drug delivery systems can increase the gastric retention time by manufacturing the systems with a density less than the gastric contents of the stomach. This causes the system to float over the gastric contents in the stomach without affecting the gastric emptying rate for a prolonged period. Glimepiride was selected as a model drug to increase oral bioavailability and efficacy. Hydroxyp...
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ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITIES OF LEAF EXTRACTS OF BERBERIS ARISTATA AND ABIES WEBBIANA: THE ETHNOMEDICINAL PLANTS
This study was carried out to investigate the antibacterial and antifungal potentials of Abies webbiana and Berberis aristate Linn. The study aims to assess the antimicrobial activity and determine the zone of inhibition of extracts on some bacterial and fungal strains. The extracts determined the antimicrobial activity using the agar disc diffusion method. The antibacterial and antifungal activit...
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