Volume 13 (2022) - Issue 5, May
Review Articles
MODIFIED-RELEASE DOSAGE SYSTEMS DEVELOPED FOR GLIPIZIDE. A REVIEW
In the last decades, diabetes has become one of the most prevalent health concerns worldwide. Diabetes is a metabolic disease that causes hyperglycemia and is associated with altered insulin production (type 1 diabetes) or with insulin-resistance (type 2 diabetes). The present work aims to point out the relevance of glipizide as an alternative treatment for type 2 diabetes and discuss the differen...
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3D PRINTING IN PHARMACEUTICALS A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON A NOVEL EMERGING TECHNOLOGY
Three-dimensional printing (3DP) is an emerging technology that allows the fabrication of tailor-made drugs, devices, and organs that meet an individual patient's requirement. Thus, it has enormous potential to bring about a significant transformation in the pharmaceutical and healthcare sector. 3DP involves the production of structures with desired design by deposition of printing material in a l...
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A BRIEF REVIEW ON GUDUCHI (TINOSPORA CORDIFOLIA)
Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia) is an essential drug of the Ayurvedic medicine system used in different Ayurvedic formulations to treat a variety of ailments. Guduchi is a member of the Menispermaceae family and is widely produced in tropical and sub-tropical countries such as India, Sri Lanka, China, Myanmar, Philippines, South Africa, Thailand, Bangladesh, and several south-east Asian continents ...
1968
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ROLE OF AYURVEDA INTERVENTION (CHATURJATADI SAMBHARAK AVALEHA) IN THE MANAGEMENT OF MALNUTRITION IN CHILDREN
Balashosha is a disease caused by nutritional deficiencies in which the body gets slowly emaciated. This condition is very much similar to malnutrition. It reduces the baby's growth and increases the chances of having a low birth weight and later suffering from childhood infections and mortality. In Ayurveda, Balashosha is described as Apatarpana janya vyadhi and due to Rasavaha Shrotodusti, where...
1189
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CORRELATION BETWEEN AGING AND ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE: A REVIEW
Dementia, commonly Alzheimer’s disorder (AD), is a developing pandemic that presents profound challenges to healthcare systems, families, and societies in the course of the world. Alzheimer’s disorder, referred to as an innovative multifarious neurodegenerative disorder, is the essential motive for dementia in a late person's life; brain developing older performs a pivotal feature in the patho...
836
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A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON COATING PANS
The presentation of this work aims to update readers on issues associated with coating pan (CPN), having applicability in the pharmaceutical field. The coating process (CPR) is an important pharmaceutical unit operation that finds pertinence in various product areas extending from conventional (immediate) release to modified release. The CPR involves the substrate coating by spraying the coating m...
609
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PRECLINICAL SCREENING MODELS FOR ANTIHISTAMINIC ACTIVITY: AN OVERVIEW
Antihistamines appear to be the mainstay in allergic reaction treatment. Allergy is rooted in the primary rejection reaction of parasites in which histamine derived from mast cells generates an immediate aggressive environment, and eosinophils are recruited for killing. Antihistamines are medicinal products used to treat allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis, urticaria, cold and flu, tachyphylaxis, mo...
567
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A REVIEW ON MEDICINAL PLANTS WITH ANTI-FERTILITY ACTIVITY
Objectives: Along with increasing availability and utilization of contraception, it is also important to confirm that the effects of contraception use on resumption of fertility after discontinuation and serious adverse effects produced by synthetic steroidal contraceptives remained a major problem. However, current evidence on resumption of fertility after contraception use is inconclusive, and p...
717
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AN UPDATED REVIEW ON GLOBAL PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION DEVELOPMENTS AND FUTURE POTENTIAL OF NON-INVASIVE TRANSDERMAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
Background: Over the last several years, there has been much research into the development and modification of new pharmaceutical substances. We have also been able to attain the newest in transdermal drug delivery system treatment with existing pharmaceuticals. We have successfully implemented numerous drug regimens with transdermal delivery systems as one of the most significant developments, of...
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A METICULOUS ACCOUNT ON NANOEMULSION IN SKINCARE: APPLICATION TO RECENT DEVELOPMENT
Nanoemulsions have garnered a lot of interest in recent decades as a result of their unique characteristics. These carriers are optically transparent, non-equilibrium, thermodynamically stable dispersion of nano-sized particles. Nanoemulsions possess great potential for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and other application areas ranging from the Oil to the food industry. Incorporating nanotechnology i...
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MIRACLE TREE: MORINGA OLEIFERA
Moringa oleifera is an angiosperm plant that belongs to the family Moringaceae. It is also known as the Drumstick tree or Horseradish tree. Alkaloids, protein, quinine, saponins, flavonoids, tannin, steroids, glycosides, fixed oil and lipids are among the active phytoconstituents present. It is distributed throughout the world's tropical and subtropical regions. Several studies show that various p...
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DISULFIDE BRIDGING: A POTENT STRATEGY FOR ANTI-TUMOR DRUG DELIVERY
To increase the efficacy of present anti-tumor agents, tumor-targeting can be proved as a successful approach for effective and safer drug delivery with less toxicity. According to researchers, for an effective tumor targeting module, disulfide linkage plays an important role in providing a medium for conjugating an anti-tumor drug with a carrier like vitamins and fatty acids. Disulfide bonds with...
627
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RETINOBLASTOMA PROTEIN IN INFLAMMATION: A REVIEW
Inflammation is a host immune response initiated by the activation of inflammatory cascades resulting from any tissue injury. During the inflammatory response, multiple inflammatory mediators are released to restore the organ function and integrity by activating various inflammatory mediators. The presence of these molecules in the tumor microenvironment led to studies on the molecular pathways th...
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THE ERA OF COVID-19: WILL CONVALESCENT PLASMA AND INTRAVENOUS IMMUNOGLOBULINS BE THE ANSWER
Since the World Health Organization (WHO) declared severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection a pandemic in December 2019, observational and interventional studies have been underway to investigate potential therapeutic options to treat and prevent the progression of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Most COVID-19 patients develop mild to moderate symptoms. However, elde...
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PERCHLORATE: HEALTH EFFECTS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR ITS REMOVAL FROM WATER RESOURCES
Perchlorate has been found in drinking water and surface waters in the United States of America, Canada, and India. It is primarily associated with the release of perchlorate from defense and military operations where rocket and satellite operation production takes place. Natural sources of perchlorate contain certain fertilizers and potash ores. Although it is a strong oxidant, perchlorate is ver...
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COUMARIN RING: A BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SCAFOLD
Coumarin, natural or synthetic, has become an interesting subject of investigation for many researchers due to its wide range of biological activities. Coumarin scaffold has an important role in anticancer drug development because many of its derivatives have shown anticancer activity on various cell lines. The action of coumarins on tumour cells is carried out via different mechanisms and some of...
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REVIEW: RECENT DEVELOPMENT IN FOOD ADULTERATION ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
Food adulteration is an enduring concern to date, and its detection and food authentication are some of the major approaches which can eradicate adulteration. This article reviews modern analytical techniques which are currently used for optimization and identification of adulterants. The Analytical techniques reviewed are distributed in three sections- Computer vision, Spectral and spectral Imagi...
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PHARMACEUTICAL POTENTIAL OF ENDOPHYTES ASSOCIATED TO MARINE SPONGE AND ALGAE FROM THE BAY OF BENGAL AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO THE BLUE ECONOMY OF BANGLADESH
Bangladesh is gifted with the world's largest bay, rich in untapped resources that are undeniably beneficial to human wellbeing and the national economy. However, the people of Bangladesh have not yet been capable of using the vast marine resources of the Bay of Bengal due to a lack of adequate funds and technological limitations. On the other hand, countries like Japan, China and Indonesia utiliz...
757
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Research Articles
MECHANISM OF ACTION OF A MULTI-HERBAL EXTRACT BLEND (KARALLIEF EASY CLIMB) IN SUPPORTING JOINT HEALTH
Osteoarthritis (OA) commonly affects many joints in the human body, including the knee joints. The knee joint is made up of two parts - the patella-femoral (PF) and tibiofemoral (TF) compartment. Animal models for OA studies are well-established and serve as an important tool for understanding the impact of OA in humans. This study evaluates the anti-OA potential of a multi-herbal extract blend pr...
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QUALITY BY DESIGN (QBD) APPROACH TO DEVELOP STABILITY-INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT FOR PIOGLITAZONE AND GLIMEPIRIDE
Background and Objectives: A sper requisition of current regulatory requirements, a simple, rapid, and sensitive method by 33 factorial QbD approach was established and validated for Pioglitazone (PGZ) Glimepiride (GPR) by RP-HPLC. Method: A simple RP-HPLC method has been developed and validated with different parameters such as linearity, precision, repeatability, LOD, LOQ, accuracy as per Intern...
939
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TO STUDY THE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY PROPERTIES OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF LEAVES OF IMPATIENS BALSAMINA IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS
The present study was undertaken to study the anti-inflammatory effects of aqueous extract of Impatiens balsamina leaves in suitable animal models. The leaves of Impatiens balsamina were extracted with distilled water using the Soxhlet apparatus. The extract thus obtained was screened for anti-inflammatory activity using Cotton pellet implantation method, Granuloma pouch method, and formaldehyde a...
764
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EFFECT OF DIFFERENT ABIOTIC STRESSES ON ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE INHIBITION, ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY TOTAL PHENOL & FLAVONOID CONTENT OF SELECTED ALLIUM SPECIES: RESULTS FROM A 6-MONTH FIELD STUDY
Environmental factors influence plant growth, morphology, as well as nature and quantity of secondary metabolites. Modification of abiotic factors during plant growth can impact the production of bioactive phytoconstituents. A six-month field study was carried out to assess the effect of different abiotic stresses on bioactive compounds (flavonoids, phenols, quercetin), acetylcholine sterase (AChE...
840
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ANALYSIS OF KEY SUGAR PHOSPHATE INTERMEDIATES IN GLYCOLYSIS BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY TO ASSES AND EVALUATE POSSIBLE ALTERATIONS IN METABOLITE POOL OF ERYTHROCYTES IN TYPE 2 DIABETES
In previous studies, it has been shown that the activities of the glycolysis cycle enzyme are significantly altered with changes in kinetic attributes of hexokinase, phosphorfructokinase and lactate dehydrogenase. Moreover, the kinetic parameters of the terminal enzyme lactate dehydrogenase also changed significantly. In view of these observed changes, it was of interest to know if and how the flu...
795
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ANTIDIARRHOEAL EFFECT OF CASUARINA EQUISETIFOLIA ON EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS
Current investigation was to evaluate antidiarrhoeal effect of Casuarina equisetifolia. Anti-diarrhoeal activity of methanol bark extract of Casuarina equisetifolia (CEME) studied on experimentally induced diarrhea in rats, castor oil-induced diarrhoea & enteropooling, meal transit time, and PGE2-induced entropooling. The CEME orally administered at doses 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/atropine 0.1 m...
629
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ANTIOXIDANT EFFECTS OF NOOTKATONE ON ENHANCING PHYSICAL ENDURANCE IN MICE SUBJECTED TO TREADMILL EXERCISE
The study was designed to evaluate the anti-fatigue activity and biochemical effects of nootkatone in Balb-C mice. Thirty-six mice weighing 33-41g were randomly divided into six groups; 1) sedentary group, 2) sedentary group fed with 50 mg/kg nootkatone, 3) control group (exercise control), 4) exercise with 10mg/kg nootkatone group, 5) exercise with 25mg/kg nootkatone and 6) exercise with 50mg/k...
517
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POST-MARKET SURVEILLANCE (PMS) OF ARTEMETHER-LUMEFANTRINE FIXED-DOSE COMBINATIONS MARKETED IN BENIN
In Benin, several studies still confirm the circulation of low-quality anti-malarial drugs, despite efforts to improve the supply chain. It is, therefore, necessary to carry out post-market quality surveillance of the same to ensure that only quality and efficacious medicines are sold to the general populace. The aim of this work was to evaluate the post-market quality of fixed-dose combinations o...
637
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EVALUATION OF ADULTERATION OF HERBAL MEDICINE USED FOR TREATMENT OF ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION IN NAIROBI COUNTY, KENYA:
In the recent past, adulteration of herbal products has increased rapidly, and today it is a global problem. Synthetic Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors are the main adulterants in herbal medicine used for erectile dysfunction. The present study evaluated the herbal medicines used as sex enhancers in Nairobi County, Kenya, for adulteration with Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (sildenafil, ta...
758
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IN-VITRO STUDY OF ANTI-DIABETIC, ANTI-CANCER AND ANTI-UROLITHIATIC ACTIVITY OF DIFFERENT EXTRACTS OF PROSOPIS JULIFLORA SEEDS
Plants and their parts are used to treat many infectious diseases due to the presence of phytoconstituents and avoid some side effects. The present study evaluated the phytochemicals, anti-diabetic, anti-urolithiatic, and anti-cancer activities of Prosopis juliflora seeds in various solvents such as aqueous, ethanol, and 85% ethanol. The preliminary works revealed the presence of secondary metabol...
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HISTOLOGICAL ALTERATIONS IN THE TESTES OF GAMMA-IRRADIATED MICE INDUCED BY ADHATODA VASICA LEAF EXTRACT
Extract of Adhatoda vasica leaves has been used to treat various diseases and disorders in Ayurvedic and Unani medicine. Effect of ethanolic extract of Adhatoda vasica against gamma radiation-induced changes in terms of histological alterations in testes of Swiss albino mice were studied at post-irradiation intervals between 1-30 days. Mice exposed to 6 Gy gamma radiation showed radiation-induced ...
1865
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QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF MINERAL CONTENT FROM EDIBLE FLOWERS OF ALLIUM CEPA, CUCURBITA MAXIMA AND CARICA PAPAYA: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Edible flowers have been an integral part of human nutrition for centuries, being used as garnishes of individual dishes and also consumed fresh. This study determines and compares the essential and trace mineral composition of the three edible flowers of Allium cepa (onion), Carica papaya (papaya) and Cucurbita maxima (pumpkin) with four other commonly consumed edible flowers. Also, a comparative...
705
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EFFECT OF NON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS ON RESERPINE INDUCED PARKINSONISM IN RATS
Parkinson's disease is a chronic progressive neuro-degenerative disease caused by selective degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the dense part of the substantia nigra pars compacta. It is characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms, especially the gradual reduction of postural symptoms, instability, tremor and memory impairment, local neuron loss, which mainly occurs in the substantia nigra....
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EVALUATION OF ANALGESIC ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF CAPPARIS MOONII WIGHT FRUITS IN SWISS ALBINO MICE
Medicinal plants abound with many phytochemicals that are effective in representing lots of pharmacological activities. The current study aimed at investigating the phytochemical and pharmacological activity of Ethanolic extract of Capparis moonii Wight. The analgesic activity was examined by Eddy's hot plate method and the acetic acid-induced writhing method. In Eddy’s Hot plate method, after o...
529
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CORRELATION OF ANTIOXIDANT, ANTIBACTERIAL AND PHYTOCHEMICALS OF LEAVES AND ROOTS EXTRACTS OF CLERODENDRUM INFORTUNATUM
The leaves and roots extracts of Clerodendrum infortunatum was evaluated for its potential antioxidant and antibacterial properties. The correlation studies with phytochemicals were performed, which has not been widely reported yet. Clerodendrum infortunatum leaves and roots were screened for the presence of phytochemicals and were found positive for carbohydrates, saponins, alkaloids, tannins, ph...
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DEVELOPMENT AND IN-VITRO EVALUATION OF EMBELIN (A PHYTOCONSTITUENT) LOADED PHYTOSOME COMPLEX
Embelin was one of active constituents of Embelia ribes Burm. f. Embelin has been reported to possess many pharmacological effects. The studies as was perform to enhance the bioavailability of poorly water soluble embelin, reduce the dose of Embelin, prevent the degradation of Embelin in the GIT. For this, phytosome, a novel drug delivery system, was adopted. Total six Embelin loaded phytosome com...
657
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FORMULATIONS AND STANDARDIZATION OF THE AQUEOUS EXTRACT FROM THE LEAVES OF MORINDA LUCIDA BENTH, A HYPOGLYCEMATING PLANT
With a view to enhancing endogenous knowledge about plants, the present study has been aimed at developing and standardizing dosage forms based on the aqueous extract of Morinda lucida Benth, a plant with hypoglycaemic anti-hyperglycaemic properties. After the aqueous extraction of the leaves of this plant, by maceration, phytochemical screening was carried out on a TLC plate by using the method o...
569
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PHYTOCHEMICAL AND IN-VITRO ANTIDIABETIC SCREENING OF SPERMADICYTON SUAVEOLENS
The discovery of alternative medications in diabetes management is of huge importance to achieve better safety and efficacy. The natural antioxidant and carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzyme inhibitors are gaining too much importance in the management of diabetes. Lack of scientific data is available on antioxidant and antidiabetic activities on root extract of Spermadicyton suaveolens. Therefore, we ai...
561
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EFFECT OF ANTI-DIABETIC DRUGS ON SERUM B12, MINERALS LIKE ZINC, MAGNESIUM, PHOSPHORUS AND CALCIUM IN TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS (T2DM)
Metformin, the first-line drug, can reduce hepatic gluconeogenesis and increase insulin sensitivity. At the molecular level, metformin inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chain, which leads to an increase in adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, which increases insulin sensitivity. Recent guidelines advocate metformin as the first-line agent that has a glucose-lowering effect concur...
599
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PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES AND QUANTIFICATION OF TOTAL PHENOLS, TANNINS AND FLAVONOIDS IN LESS KNOWN SEMI-ARID PLANTS OF BALLARI, KARNATAKA
Four plant species Senna italica, Prosopis juliflora, Cressa cretica and Schouwia purpurea were selected to estimate phytoconstituents and quantify total phenols, tannins, and flavonoids. The total content of phenols, tannins, and flavonoids with the gallic acid curve by the standard method was estimated. The leaf extract of Senna italica contained maximum, and Schouwia purpurea contained a minimu...
796
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SCREENING FOR BIOFILM-FORMING EFFICACY OF CLINICAL ISOLATES
Seven pathogenic isolates with clinical history were procured from the Department of Microbiology, RMMCH, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu. Among them, five isolates (S1-S5) showed multi-drug resistance to the selected antibiotics. Maximum multi-drug resistance was exhibited by four Gram negative isolates (S1, S2, S4 and S5). Initial qualitative analysis of these four isolates for bio...
517
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TOXICOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF TRIVANGA BHASMA (TRIMETALLIC AYURVEDIC FORMULATION) IN ANIMAL MODEL VIA 28-DAY REPEATED ORAL DOSE
Context: Ayurveda emphasizes applying herbal, metallic, mineral, and herbo-mineral preparations in therapeutics. Trivanga Bhasma (TB) is a potential trimetallic (Tin, Lead & Zinc) compound formulation widely used in routine Ayurvedic practice to treat several chronic ailments. Objective: To elucidate the toxicity profile of TB by oral administration in wistar albino rats to ascertain the safet...
595
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IN-VIVO EVALUATION OF GLICLAZIDE SOLID DISPERSIONS INCORPORATED TABLETS FOR CONTROLLED DRUG RELEASE
Gliclazide is an anti-diabetic medication used to treat diabetes mellitus type 2.It suffers from deprived solubility, reduced drug dissolution, and bioavailability. The current paper is aimed to formulate and evaluate gliclazide solid dispersion with HP β Cyclodextrin for enhanced solubility and incorporate into controlled-release tablet formulation. Gliclazide solid dispersion (SD) was prepared ...
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