Volume 10 (2019) - Issue 4, April
Review Articles
THE INTRIGUING BENZIMIDAZOLE: A REVIEW
Benzimidazole is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound containing nitrogen. This bicyclic compound is formed by the fusion of benzene with imidazole ring. It is a vital Pharmacophore and privileged structure in medicinal chemistry which exhibits various therapeutic activities like antiulcer, antihypertensive, analgesic, antiviral, antifungal, anticancer and antihistaminic. The disease condition...
10148
3070
BENZOTHIAZOLE DERIVATIVE: A REVIEW ON ITS PHARMACOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE TOWARDS SYNTHESIS OF LEAD
Heterocyclic chemistry plays a very most important role in medicinal chemistry as well as in organic chemistry. Most of the drug molecule formed and possesses therapeutic activity due to the heterocyclic scaffold. A slight change in heterocyclic moiety leads to the major therapeutic change in the drug molecule. Benzothiazole can serve as a unique and versatile moiety for experimental drug design. ...
5785
2515
BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF FLAVONOIDS: AN OVERVIEW
Background: Plants and herbs consumed by humans are the rich sources of phytonutrients compounds synthesized in plants itself. Such bioactive substances are responsible for the plant’s antioxidant and medicinal values. Flavonoids are an essential group of naturally occurring polyphenolic compounds, and its flavan nucleus characterizes it. It is one of the most common classes of compounds availab...
19751
4230
A REVIEW ON NOVEL APPROACH TO PHARMACEUTICAL DRUG DELIVERY: 3D PRINTING
To develop a standard conventional solid dosage form like tablets it include the operations involving like milling, mixing, granulation, drying and compression which able to result in different qualities of the final products concerning the loading of the drug, the release of the drug, stability of the drug and pharmaceutical dosage form stability. To overcome some challenges of conventional pharm...
4411
1400
PHYTOCONSTITUENTS, PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF MARSILEA MINUTA L. (MARSILEACEAE) – AN OVERVIEW
Herbal drugs play an important role in the treatment of much illness. The plant has tremendous biological effects and applied in the different system of traditional medication for the treatment of various diseases. Marsilea minuta is one of the most popular foreground plants for aquariums that grows about two to three inches tall in shallow water and has attractive little markings on the tiny, va...
5470
1726
PREDIABETES: APPROACH AND MANAGEMENT
About 5-10% of individuals with the condition of prediabetes or intermediate hyperglycemia develop diabetes annually. Prediabetes can revert to normal glycaemic state as well. Reversion to normal glucose, even when transient, is associated with a significant 56% reduced risk of future diabetes independent of previous treatment. Prediabetes is associated with many microvascular as well as macro-vas...
3299
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A REVIEW ON THE SUGAR ALTERNATES
Background: Due to the rise of diabetes as the primary health issue nowadays, there is a need for a sweetener, which apart from fulfilling the role of a sweetener, also complies with the normal body metabolism. Objectives: To review the literature available on the different sugar alternates present globally. Methods: A literature search has been done on the various substitutes of sugar present, be...
8367
1904
NATURAL HABITAT, PHYTOCHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF A MEDICINAL WEED- CLEOME RUTIDOSPERMA DC. (CLEOMACEAE): A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
Herbal treatment used in healthcare system from ancient time. Plants had been used by all cultures, ethnic group and society throughout history in the whole world. Plants are the potential source of secondary metabolites which have high medicinal value and huge utility in healthcare development. Herbal medicines are now in huge prospects in the developing and developed nation for basic health trea...
9285
1503
NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION: SOURCE AND PREVENTION
Nowadays, Hospital-acquired infection is one of the significant issues, as the mortality rate is frequently increasing. This may be due to the unhygienic environment of various medical clinics and hospitals, a wide range of antibiotic uses. Nosocomial infections are those which are acquired by the patient within 48-72 h or 3 days of admission in the hospital or medical care unit. The microbes caus...
33440
2904
DEVELOPMENT OF STABILITY INDICATING ASSAY METHOD: A REVIEW
Stability of pharmaceuticals is defined as the ability to retain the quality, purity, Identity, and safety throughout the shelf life of products. It is of main concern because drug substance and products lose its Potency and quality after the time passes, due to change in environmental conditions such as temperature, light, and humidity. It is essential that quality of drugs should maintain throw ...
6310
1726
HERBAL-DERIVED ANTICANCER PHYTOCONSTITUENTS: TRADITION TO MOLECULAR MECHANISMS
This article reveals a detailed review of important constitutes of herbal drugs which will be useful to treat various types of cancer. Cancer is the second leading cause of death in both developed and developing countries as the number of mortalities is increasing day-by-day and year after year. Herbal drugs have contributed for the discovery of new anticancer drugs due to conventional cancer ther...
2870
953
RECENT TREND IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE DOSAGE FORM AND PRESENT STATUS OF UNANI AND AYURVEDIC MEDICINE
Traditional medicine is finding more significance and application today, particularly when we are facing difficulty in the management of numerous medical conditions. More effective and palatable drug dosage forms are needed in the modern era. The recent trend in traditional medicine dosage forms is to enhance the solubility, bioavailability, pharmacological activity, stability, reduce the toxicity...
7147
1935
Research Articles
MOTION SICKNESS INDUCES PHYSIOLOGICAL AND NEURONAL ALTERATIONS IN MOUSE MODEL
Motion sickness (MS) is a conflict between visual and vestibular system leading to nausea and vomiting. The present study aimed to standardize a method to induce MS in Balb/c mice model. Conditioned taste aversion (CTA) utilizing saccharin solution (SS) was used as MS index. Mice were divided into three groups (n=6); group 1 (G1), group 2 (G2) and group 3 (G3). Two bottle test [TBT, both bottles c...
3041
1189
SUGGESTED VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM (VTE) RISK STRATIFICATION SHEET FOR ORTHOPEDIC SURGERIES
Background: Major orthopedic surgeries are divided into 3 major surgeries: total or partial hip replacement (TPHR), total knee replacement (TKR), and hip fracture surgeries (HFS), these surgeries are considered as high-risk surgeries for the development of venous thromboembolism (VTE) which includes deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). In general there are several factors that i...
2800
1083
TOTAL PHENOLS CONTENT, FLAVONOID CONCENTRATION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF LEAVES EXTRACTS OF VITEX AGNUS-CASTUS L. GROWING WILD IN MOROCCO
Vitex agnus-castus L. (Verbenaceae) commonly known as Chaste tree, is a shrub widely distributed in the Middle East and Southern Europe. Traditionally used for the treatment of several health problems and symptoms, such as premenstrual ones and spasmodic dysmenorrhea, certain menopausal conditions, insufficient lactation, and acne. Several reports have indicated that Vitex agnus-castus contained f...
3033
1159
CARICA PAPAYA: FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF NEW DOSAGE FORM DESIGN
Phytosomes are recently introduced drug delivery system and novel botanical formulation to produce lipophilic molecular complex to improve absorption and bioavailability of phytoconstituents. The objective of the present study was to formulate and evaluate tablets of Carica papaya phytosomes. Solvent injection method was used for the preparation of phytosomes. Carica papaya phytosomes were charact...
5725
1863
BIOACTIVE POTENTIAL OF A NOVEL BIO-CONTROL AGENT AGAINST NEWLY ISOLATED POST HARVEST FUNGAL PATHOGENS
It is well known that Trichoderma sp. can be used as a biological control agent (BCA). In this study, 02 new Trichoderma isolates were obtained from 35 different soil samples of Punjab, and Himachal Pradesh and its bio-control/antifungal effects were determined against 07 newly isolated postharvest fungal pathogens (PHFP) from 35 different samples of fruits and vegetables collected from storage an...
2452
1045
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF SUSTAINED RELEASE TABLETS OF DOXAZOSIN MESYLATE
The objective of the present investigation was to develop a sustained release (SR) tablets of Doxazosin Mesylate by wet granulation technique using a combination of synthetic polymers (Eudragit RS-100 and Eudragit RL-100). Different batches of Doxazosin Mesylate sustained release tablets were prepared by using microcrystalline cellulose as diluents by wet granulation technique. The compatibility o...
2920
1007
NANOEMULSION FOR IMPROVED PERMEABILITY OF CENTELLA ASIATICA EXTRACT: FORMULATION, EX-VIVO AND IN-VIVO EVALUATION
Centella asiatica L. Urban (family: Umbelliferae) contains several active triterpenoids which have been reported to induce type I collagen which decreases substantially in photoaged skin. Centella asiatica extract is highly soluble in water but have low absorption into the skin. To overcome this, water in oil nanoemulsion loaded with Centella asiatica extract have been formulated, optimized and ev...
3272
1118
EFFICACY AND COMPLICATIONS OF PROLONG LINEZOLID THERAPY IN METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS (MRSA) INFECTED SUBCUTANEOUS ABSCESS MODEL IN WISTAR RAT
Linezolid has a better choice for the eradication of both community and hospital acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections, but its use is limited because of its complications. The study elucidated the efficacy and complications of prolonged therapy of linezolid in MRSA infected rats. The rats were rendered neutropenic by an intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamid...
2072
767
MOLECULAR DOCKING, PHARMACOPHORE MODELLING AND 3D QSAR ANALYSIS OF NOVEL CHALCONE DERIVATIVES
Chalcone based structures have many interesting biological properties like anti-malarial, anticancer, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-hyperglycaemic and photo-cytotoxicity activities. In this study, the novel chalcone derivatives (1a-1l) have been synthesized and investigated for antimicrobial activities. The MIC results of antimicrobial activities reveal that one of the chalcone deriva...
2244
1021
METHYLATION EFFECT OF APIGENIN 8-C-GLUCOSIDE TOWARDS ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL – A DFT STUDY
The extensive study on O - methylated flavonoids reveals that substitution with methyl group enhances the radical scavenging behavior in certain compounds. Due to potential applications of C-glycosides in metabolic engineering, methylation in these flavonoids needs to be analyzed in both theoretical and experimental levels for their radical scavenging behavior. In this work naturally occurring C- ...
1849
790
ANTIOBESITY, ANTIHYPERLIPIDEMIC AND ANTIDIABETIC AGENTS OF PROTO-CATECHUIC ACID IN HIGH FATTY DIET ALONG WITH ALLOXAN INDUCED DIABETES
Aim: The present investigation was carried out by evaluating the effect of protocatechuic acid (PCA) on a high-fat diet (HFD) along with a low dose of alloxan-induced hyperglycemia in male Wistar rats. Methods: In the present study, administration of high fatty diet (HFD) for 45 days along with low dose of alloxan (80 mg/kg) in rats on 30 days produced significant high fatty diet in the, body we...
1935
798
ANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF PYRANTEL PAMOATE AND FEBANTEL IN AN ORAL DOSAGE FORM BY HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY (HPLC)
The present manuscript describes a new simple, specific, precise and accurate RP-HPLC development and subsequent validation for simultaneous estimation of Pyrantel pamoate and Febantel in their combined dosage form. The proposed method involves the utilization of a hypersil BDS C18 (150 × 4.6 mm, 5 µ) column, mobile phase containing acetonitrile: phosphate buffer in the ratio 85:15% v/v and 55:4...
3860
1181
BIOSURFACTANT MEDIATED SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING LACTOBACILLUS BREVIS (MTCC 4463) AND THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL STUDIES
Biosurfactants are surface active, amphiphilic biochemical compounds containing both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties produced by microorganisms. They are produced by a variety of microorganisms mainly fungi, bacteria, and yeasts on their cell surface or extracellularly secreted. Biosurfactant mediated synthesis of nanoparticles has now emerged as a green alternative for enhancing both nanopar...
2806
942
ANTINOCICEPTIVE EFFECTS OF METHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF POTENTILLA ANSERINA IN ANIMAL MODELS
Potentilla anserina (Rosaceae) is a traditional medicinal plant in India, and it is available throughout the Northern hemisphere. This study was intended to evaluate the antinociceptive activity of methanolic extract of Potentilla anserina in acetic acid-induced writhing test in mice and Eddy’s Hot Plate method in Albino rats at the dose level of 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg p.o and the study was compa...
3063
865
FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND IN-VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF FAST DISSOLVING POLYMERIC FILMS OF OLANZAPINE FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF PANIC ATTACK OF SCHIZOPHRENIA
Schizophrenia is a severe and disabling disorder which needs immediate administration of a suitable drug. Olanzapine, a BCS class II atypical antipsychotics drug of thienobenzodiazepine class is frequently prescribed to treat schizophrenia. The aim of the present investigation was to formulate mouth dissolving films of Olanzapine to improve its solubility and patient compliance. An inclusion compl...
2243
918
SHORT-TERM TREATMENT OF ELASTASE-LPS INDUCED EXACERBATION MODEL OF EMPHYSEMA IN MICE WITH DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID, A PRECURSOR OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AUTACOIDS
An essential pathological phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is emphysema or lung tissue destruction. The study aims to assess docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a precursor for specialized pro-resolving mediators, as a treatment of emphysema. Albino mice were challenged with porcine pancreatic elastase on day 1 and bacterial lipopolysaccharide on day 21 to induce emphysema. The pathologi...
1952
745
IN-VIVO PHARMACOKINETIC EVALUATION OF PIOGLITAZONE – HPMC K 15 M FLOATING TABLETS
The objective of the study is to make a pharmacokinetic evaluation of Pioglitazone floating tablets formulated employing HPMC K 15 M in comparison to Pioglitazone pure drug in rabbits. The two products were tested in a crossover RBD in healthy rabbits of either sex (n=6). The plasma concentrations of Pioglitazone were determined by a validated HPLC method. From the time versus plasma concentration...
1567
718
OXIDATIVE DETERMINATION OF SOME ANTIHISTAMINE DRUGS IN PURE FORM AND THEIR PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS BY USING PYRIDINIUM FLUORO CHROMATE (PFC) REAGENT
In this paper Chromium (VI) based Pyridinium fluoro chromate (PFC) reagent has been used as an oxidant for the determination of some antihistamine drugs e.g. Promethazine hydrochloride (PMH) and Pheniramine maleate (PM) in pure form and their pharmaceutical preparations such as Phenergan (Injection and tablet) and Avil (Tablet and injection) respectively. The main principle of this method is based...
1988
1117
EFFECTS OF ANETHUM GRAVEOLENSE LINN. EXTRACT ON BILE DUCT LIGATION INDUCED HEPATIC FIBROSIS IN RATS
The present study investigated the protective role of methanolic extract from Anethum graveolense L. (AGME) on bile duct ligation (BDL) produce hepatic fibrosis in the rat. BDL rats were divided into four groups, which received orally distilled water or AGME (200 and 400 mg/kg) for continuously 28 days. The BDL induced hepatic fibrosis by anti-fibrotic effect of AGME in the rats determined by seru...
1919
875
DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF CAPECITABINE NIOSOMES DERIVED FROM PRONIOSOMES
The aim of this investigation was to design and optimize the Capecitabine niosomes derived from proniosomes using central composite design. Two independent variables viz., the molar ratio of drug to cholesterol (X1), surfactant loading (X2) and two dependent variables viz., the percentage drug entrapment (PDE) and mean volume diameter (MVD) were selected for the study. Proniosomes were prepared by...
1906
804
SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION AND ANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT, VALIDATION FOR THE TENELIGLIPTIN AND METFORMIN BY RP-UFLC
The study aims to develop an analytical method for the simultaneous estimation of Teneligliptin and Metformin using RP-UFLC. A simple, sensitive and accurate method was developed for Teneligliptin and Metformin using the chromatographic conditions of C18 Phenomenex Kinetex (250 mm × 4.6 mm i.e., 5 μm particle size) column in gradient elution mode with the mobile phase consisting of methanol, ace...
2628
929
IN-VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF DIFFERENT EXTRACTS OF DIOSPYROS MELANOXYLON ROXB.
The present research focuses on the screening of phytochemicals from an Indian medicinal plant Diospyros melanoxylon Roxb. by both qualitative and quantitatively and biological activities. Different solvent extracts were prepared and used for this study such as hexane, chloroform, methanol, ethyl acetate and aqueous. Preliminary screening of phytochemicals revealed that the methanolic extract comp...
2171
831
SYNTHESIS, IN-SILICO PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND ANTIMICROBIAL STUDIES OF PYRAZOLINE LOADED NANOPARTICLES
Pyrazolines were prepared from the corresponding chalcones by using isonicotinylhydrazine as cyclizing agent. The synthesized compounds were characterized by spectral data and screened for antimicrobial activity. In-silico studies of physiochemical and drug-like properties revealed that these compounds have good bioavailability and drug-likeness properties. Compound PZ2 which exhibited good antimi...
1893
813
EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL, ANTHELMINTIC AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF HOPEA PONGA (DENNST.) BARK
The present work involves the extraction of phytochemicals from the bark of the medicinal plant Hopea ponga, with various solvents and evaluation of their antimicrobial, anthelmintic and antioxidant activities by following standard methods. The antioxidant capacity of the plant extracts was measured by their ability to scavenge free radicals such as (a) DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), (b) AB...
2082
912
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF LORNOXICAM MOUTH DISSOLVING TABLET BY USING NATURAL SUPERDISINTEGRANTS
The concept of fast dissolving drug delivery system emerged from the desire to provide patients with more convenient means of taking their medication. It is difficult for many patients to swallow tablets and hard gelatin capsules. The main objective of the study is to develop a reproducible formulation of fast dissolving tablets of Lornoxicam already used the therapeutic molecule to enhance effect...
2706
1060
DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF ZIDOVUDINE LOADED URIDDALL MUCILAGE MICROSPHERES, USING BOX BEHNKEN METHOD
Objective: The objective of the current investigation is to study the combined influence of sodium alginate, uriddall mucilage and calcium chloride on drug encapsulation efficiency and particle size of microspheres. Zidovudine-loaded sodium alginate based uriddall mucilage microspheres were prepared by the solvent evaporation method. Further, optimization of the formulation was done using a three-...
1820
780
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF STABILITY INDICATING HPLC METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF SALMETEROL XINAFOATE
Simple, rapid validated stability-indicating HPLC method for estimation of Salmeterol xinafoate was successfully developed. The separation was achieved by using a mobile phase of buffer: methanol in the ratio of 60:40 v/v using HiQ SiL C18 column (150 × 4.6 mm i.d. 5 μm) at 1.2 mL/min as flow rate. The detection was carried out at 252 nm using a PDA detector. The retention time observed was 11.8...
3202
1133
STANDARDIZATION, FORMULATION & ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF CASSIA TORA
Incidence of fungal infections is increasing at an alarming rate, presenting an enormous challenge to healthcare professionals. Despite advances in preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic interventions, the invasive fungal infection causes significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. An effective alternative to conventional synthetic antifungal agents can be the use of medici...
2623
927
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL EXPRESSION OF MMP9 IN DIFFERENT GRADES OF ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA: OUR EXPERIENCE AT TERTIARY CARE CENTRE
Introduction: Oral carcinoma is amongst the leading malignancies worldwide, with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) as the most common type accounting for over 90% of cases. In OSCC, MMPs, (MMP9) which belongs to gelatinase group, promote tumor progression by new blood vessel formation, disturbing tissue morphology which allows tumor growth breaks the basement membrane and enables metastasis and it's o...
1812
655
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF NOVEL UV AND RP-HPLC METHODS FOR DETERMINATION OF CILNIDIPINE (A NEW GENERATION Ca CHANNEL BLOCKER) IN PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM
An accurate and precise High-Performance Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatographic and UV spectrophotometric methods were developed and validated for the quantitative determination of Cilnidipine, a novel generation Ca channel blocker in the pharmaceutical dosage form. Good quality chromatographic separation of Cilnidipine was carried out by using thermo scientific model C18 Column (4.6 mm i.d. × 250...
3501
1108
VALIDATED STABILITY INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF DAUNORUBICIN AND CYTARABINE IN BULK AND ITS PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM
This paper describes a new validated Reverse-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method for the simultaneous determination of two anti-cancer drugs, Daunorubicin and Cytarabine (Ara-C). A simultaneous determination method saves cost and time as both drugs can be injected into a single HPLC system without the need to change or re-equilibrate with a new mobile phase. The objective of...
2880
1057
ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE PATTERN OF ENTEROAGGREGATIVE ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATED FROM ACUTE DIARRHEA OF PEDIATRIC PATIENT UNDER FIVE IN KANPUR REGION
Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) strains are causal agents of persistent diarrhea in developing countries. Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli strains (EAEC) are an emerging type of diarrheagenic E. coli. We aimed to isolate, identify and characterize the E. coli pathotypes and study their antibiotic resistance in children under five with diarrhea in Kanpur region, India. Children und...
1781
749
MURRAYA KOENIGII MEDIATED SILVER NANOPARTICLE SYNTHESIS AND ITS ACTIVITY AGAINST ENTERIC PATHOGENS
Objective: The objective of this research was a synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Murraya koenigii leaves in which the particles were characterized by various techniques and to evaluate the potential antibacterial activity of synthesized nanoparticles against various human pathogens. Methods: Murraya koenigii aqueous extract of leaves were prepared by the Soxhlet method, and the bioactive com...
2579
1906
ANTI-MITOTIC ACTIVITY OF GANODERMA APPLANATUM
Traditionally, mushrooms have importance in the diet. Since they possess both nutritional and medicinal value, research on mushrooms is the new area for developing lead molecules to treat cancer and other ailments. Ganoderma is a famous genus in the medicinally important mushrooms. Cancer is a fatal disease in which uncontrolled proliferation is the major crunch point to be considered. The current...
1753
815
FORMULATION AND IN-VITRO EVALUATION OF METOCLOPRAMIDE HYDROCHLORIDE ORODISPERSIBLE TABLETS
Recent advances in novel drug delivery aims to enhance the safety and efficacy of drug molecule by formulating a convenient dosage form for ease of administration and to achieve better patient compliance. One such approach is oral disintegrating tablets. Oro-dispersible tablets are a suitable means of drug delivery system for better patient compliance, rapid onset of action, increased bioavailabil...
3197
1043
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BIOFILM FORMING MULTIPLE DRUG-RESISTANT BACTERIA FROM PATIENTS INFECTED WITH UTI
Biofilms are protective organic extracellular polymeric substances secreted by a microbial population which prevents the penetration of antimicrobial substances such as antibiotics. The existence of biofilms has become a significant problem in the case of infections as well as industrial processes. Although, biofilms may act as an advantage to the microbial community, they are found to cause food ...
1793
758
IN-VIVO CHARACTERIZATION OF TRANSDERMAL PATCHES OF ALISKIREN HEMIFUMARATE FOR TREATMENT OF HYPERTENSION
The low bioavailability of drugs in the oral drug delivery system is the main concern and the development of a delivery system with a controlled release profile. This research aims in the dose reduction of aliskiren hemifumarate, evaluate the release efficacy of the drug from the patches by using various permeation enhancers. FTIR studies established the drug and polymer compatibility. The transde...
2065
890
PARENTERAL ADMINISTERED SUSTAINED RELEASE PIPERINE MICROPARTICLES INTENDED FOR TREATMENT OF LIVER FIBROSIS
The objective of this work was to formulate and characterize microparticles containing piperine, and evaluate their activity against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver toxicity. Piperine microparticles were formulated by o/w emulsion solvent evaporation technique using poly-ε-caprolactone as a polymer. Four different microparticle formulations (PM1, PM2, PM3, and PM4) were prepared by vary...
1674
759
FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LINEZOLID LOADED EUDRAGIT RS 100 POLYMERIC NANOPARTICLES
Tuberculosis (TB) is an alluring affliction caused predominantly by Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria. A stumbling block in the conventional treatment of TB is the occurrence of multiple drug resistance (MDR) followed by high dose requirement, subsequent intolerance & severe toxicity. Nanoparticulate-based drug therapy has significant potency in the treatment of TB. In this present study, Li...
3700
942
PREVALENCE OF MEASLES VIRUS INFECTION AMONG VACCINATED AND NON-VACCINATED CHILDREN IN NORTHERN INDIA
Introduction: Measles virus (MeV) is still a common acute illness caused by viruses belonging to the family Paramyxoviridae and genus Morbillivirus. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of MeV in both vaccinated and unvaccinated children and consecutively, testing the efficacy of MeV vaccination among children in north India. Materials and Methods: A total of 323 blood sampl...
2391
837
MEDICATION UTILIZATION PROBLEM AMONG BLIND POPULATION IN NEPAL
Background: Studies on challenges of the visually impaired population during medicine utilization, their difficulties and the Pharmacist’s information assessment towards such population are very limited. Objective: To study the problems during medicine utilization among blind patients in Nepal. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in 120 blind persons using a schedule at ...
3569
925
BIOFILM INHIBITORY EFFECT OF CHLORELLA EXTRACTS ON PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA
Background: Biofilm is a layer like aggregates of bacterial cells which are formed on biotic and abiotic surfaces. Pseudomonas aeruginosa plays an essential role in the aggregation of bacteria on biofilm formation. Quorum sensing and extracellular polysaccharide play a vital role in the biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa. The present study was aimed to investigate the anti-biofilm effect of lyophi...
3092
897
PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF THE ARTOCARPUS HIRSUTUS LAM. LEAVES
Artocarpus hirsutus Lam. is a common plant with a variety of folk medicinal value. The present study was conducted to evaluate the phytochemical and pharmacological properties of the ethanolic extract of Artocarpus hirsutus. The screening for various phytochemicals was conducted by using various standard procedures. Acute toxicity of the extract was determined by using OECD guidelines 423. The ant...
2332
944
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF RP-HPLC METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF DOXOFYLLINE AND TERBUTALINE IN PURE AND IN ITS FORMULATION
A new simple, rapid, and sensitive reversed-phase liquid chromatographic method was developed for the estimation of doxofylline and terbutaline in the tablet dosage form. The chromatographic separation was achieved on ODS C18column (150 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) at ambient temperature and effluent monitored at 257 nm. The mobile phase consists of ammonium acetate buffer (pH adjusted to 3 with o-phosphoric...
2464
930
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AND PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF LEAVES OF CALOTROPIS PROCERA PLANT IN IRAQ BY GC-MS
Calotropis procera plant belongs to the Asclepiadaceae family. It is prescribed to treat bronchitis, asthma, cough, infections, cancer, ascites, intestinal worms, cutaneous diseases, eczema, leprosy and also aid to stimulate the immune system. The leaves of C. procera were investigated for their phytochemical and anti-microbial activity. Chemical screening of leaves ethanolic extract exhibited to ...
2746
986
THE THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF FRESH GOAT’s MILK AGAINST PREMATURE OSTEOPOROSIS BY INHIBITING OF BIOMARKERS OF BONE RESORPTION IN UNTRAINED HEALTHY WOMEN
The aim of this study was to (1) analyze the effect of fresh goat’s milk intervention on serum Carboxyterminal Cross-Linked Telopeptide of type I Collagen (CTX) and calcium in untrained healthy women, therefore goat milk can be used for osteoporosis therapy, (2) examined the relationship between levels of calcium and CTX after the intervention of fresh goat's milk. The research design was a cont...
4960
981
PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND ANTIBACTERIAL EVALUATION OF CURCUMA LONGA AND CURCUMA AROMATICA AGAINST ENTERIC POULTRY PATHOGENS
After an increasing concern of sub-therapeutic use of antibiotics in poultry to treat enteric and other infections, an interest in alternative and efficient products with antibacterial properties has increased. From ancient time, the plants are constantly contributing as a useful source for the therapeutic and pharmaceutically important compounds. In this study, we therefore tested for the presenc...
3324
1256
BEHAVIORAL STUDIES OF DASATINIB AND RESVERATROL IN ROTENONE INDUCED PARKINSON’S RAT MODEL
Neurodegeneration accounts for diseases like Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease, etc. that come under neurodegenerative diseases. Parkinson’s disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. The main hallmarks of Parkinson’s disease are progressive loss of motor control and cognitive dysfunction. Current treatments are of reducing the symptoms, do ...
2214
872
SCREENING SELECTED SPECIES OF GOMPHOSTEMMA WALL. EX BENTH. FROM WESTERN GHATS FOR ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY
Gomphostemma Wall. ex Benth. belongs to the family Lamiaceae. The present study evaluated selected species of Gomphostemma endemic to the Western Ghats for their anti-inflammatory property. Traditionally, many species of Gomphostemma are used to treat malarial fever and inflammations caused by insect stings. Methanol extracts of Gomphostemma heyneanum var. heyneanum, G. heyneanum var. rottleri and...
1702
690
NANOEMULSION-BASED CAMPHOR OIL CARRYING IFOSFAMIDE: PREPARATION, CHARACTERIZATION, AND IN-VITRO EVALUATION IN CANCER CELLS
Formulating the essential oils with the chemotherapeutic agents in nanocarrier may develop a potent effect on the cancer cells. A nanoemulsion consisting of the camphor oil (CAM-NE) and Ifosfamide (IFO)-loaded in CAM-NE (CAM-IFO) were physically characterized by the zetasizer and evaluated for in-vitro antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 breast and HeLa cervical cancer cell lines. The cell gr...
2192
897
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF SPHERICAL CRYSTALS OF INDOMETHACIN FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF SOLUBILITY AND MICROMERITIC PROPERTIES
Indomethacin, an anti-inflammatory drug, exhibits poor water solubility and flow properties. Spherical agglomerates were prepared by crystallo-co agglomeration technique. Crystallization medium used for spherical agglomerates of Indomethacin consisted of acetone (good solvent); water (poor solvent); dichloromethane (bridging liquid). HPMC, PVP and PEG6000 this polymer were used in the agglomeratio...
2137
1185
DEVELOPMENT OF SIMULTANEOUS SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD FOR QUANTIFICATION OF RESVERATROL AND FOLIC ACID IN AN OROGEL
A simple and precise UV-Visible spectrophotometric method for the simultaneous estimation of Resveratrol and folic acid in fixed-dose combination (FDC) has been successfully developed and validated. A suitable FDC of Resveratrol and folic acid was formulated for the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma. The present method involves the application of simultaneous equations (Vierodt’s method)...
2303
859
IN-VITRO EVALUATION OF ANTIASTHMATIC ACTIVITY OF FICUS RACEMOSA L. (MORACEAE)
Asthma is a disease of the human respiratory system. The different extract of bark was obtained by successive extraction with petroleum ether, butanol, ethyl acetate and alcohol by Soxhlet. These extracts were evaluated for antiasthmatic activity by using in-vitro model, i.e., spasmolytic activity in isolated guinea pig lung strip using histamine for induction of bronchoconstriction in guinea pigs...
2425
977
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF FLOATING ORAL IN-SITU GELLING SYSTEM OF LOSARTAN POTASSIUM
Losartan potassium is used to treat hypertension, and it protects the kidneys from diabetic nephropathy. The drug has a short plasma half-life, inadequate bioavailability, removed rapidly from the blood circulation. These problems can be eliminated by formulating a novel dosage form of a drug in the form of floating oral in-situ gel. Present research performed on losartan potassium drug deals w...
3175
1339
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF MUCOADHESIVE IN-SITU NASAL GEL OF CYCLOBENZAPRINE HYDROCHLORIDE
Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride (CBZ) is a muscle relaxant. It has 33% bioavailability due to its first pass effect and hence posses problems in the development of oral sustained release formulations. Mucoadhesive thermo reversible in-situ nasal gel of Cyclobenzaprine HCl was designed and developed to sustain its release due to the increased nasal residence time of the formulation. Poloxamer 407 (PF...
2780
1189
MOLECULAR GENETICS STUDY ON HIGH AND INTERMEDIATE RISK GENOTYPES OF HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS AMONG PATIENTS WITH BENIGN AND MALIGNANT CERVICAL LESIONS
Background and Objectives: It is well realized that cervical cancer is one of the most critical diseases in the world. This study has been laid down for molecular detection (qualitatively and quantitatively) and genotyping of high and intermediate risk HPV genotypes in patients with high suspicion of cervical cancer. Patients and Methods: A total of 120 females were included in this study. DNA has...
1843
788
A PROSPECTIVE STUDY TO COMPARE HYPO-FRACTIONATED RADIOTHERAPY VERSUS CONVENTIONAL RADIOTHERAPY IN CARCINOMA BREAST
Background: The standard management of operable LABC is by initial modified radical mastectomy. Because of the high risk of metastasis, systemic therapy is involved as an additional integral part of treatment. The postmastectomy radiation is given to reduce the high risk (20-40%) of loco-regional relapse following adjuvant systemic therapy. The loco-regional control ranges from 85% to 90% for 10 y...
2048
766
IN-VITRO EVALUATION OF EFFECT OF HYDROALCOHOLIC MEDIA ON DRUG RELEASE FROM SUSTAINED RELEASE FORMULATION
In the recent development, worldwide consumption of alcohol has shot up in the past decade as a part of lavish and Gen next lifestyle changes. There have been innumerable instances of people consuming alcoholic beverages and drugs at the same time. Hence in our study, Diclofenac and Metformin were selected as representatives of highly prescribed and overused drugs. Hence, the present study was pla...
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839