Volume 9 (2018) - Issue 6, June
Review Articles
ZIKA VIRUS: A CHALLENGE FOR HUMANS
Zika virus infection is caused by the bite of an infected Aedes mosquito, usually causing rash, mild fever, conjunctivitis, and muscle pain. First time the virus was isolated in 1947 in the Zika forest in Uganda. It is transmitted to people through the bite of an infected Aedes mosquito. Symptoms are similar to those of dengue and chikungunya, which are transmitted by the same type of mosquito. Au...
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EXPLORING THE BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE METABOLITES OF ISOCHRYSIS GALBANA IN PHARMACEUTICAL INTEREST: AN OVERVIEW
Microalgae biomass has been recognized to have great potential as a source of novel bioactive compounds with industrial as well as health promoting applications in human, animal and aquatic lives. Microalgae have been gaining attention continuously due to its bioactive compounds. These bioactive compounds are primary and secondary metabolites produced by microalgae in order to adopt adverse enviro...
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AN OVERVIEW OF TRANSFERSOMAL DRUG DELIVERY
Vesicular systems have gained immense importance in the last few years as a means for sustained and efficient drug delivery. This article was designed to review all aspects of a novel class of vesicles, transfersomes. Tranfersomes and the fundamental concept of transfersomes were launched by Gregor Cevc in the year 1991. It exists as an ultra-deformable complex having a hydrated core surrounded by...
8757
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ROLE OF MITOCHONDRIA IN DIABETES AND ITS COMPLICATIONS
It has been reported that mortality associated with diabetes is about 2.9 million cases in World. The most common diabetes complications consist of cardiovascular disease, renal failure and blindness. The increase of lipid oxidation and reduction of antioxidants in mitochondrial dysfunction were showed. The role of investigation on mitochondria damage is requiring for evaluation of insulin resista...
4016
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RECENT DEVELOPMENTS ON NATURAL TRANSDERMAL PENETRATION ENHANCERS
The drug delivery by oral route is so far most convenient and accepted route of drug delivery but now a days considerable interest has been increased in delivery of drugs through skin to the systemic circulation and for local effect. However, the outer most layer of the human skin, stratum corneum; possess the formidable barrier to drug penetration thereby reducing bio-availability. Most of the dr...
10558
2143
CHILLING STRESS: HOW IT AFFECTS THE PLANTS AND ITS ALLEVIATION STRATEGIES
Low temperatures have been reported to be having far reaching effects on all plant species. The effects, in turn depend on the low temperature sensitivity of each and every plant species. In nature, the effects of various stresses may be seen overlapping thus the effects may be specific or non-specific. The effects in response to low temperature can be well ameliorated by the exogenous application...
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Research Articles
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF METHODS USING DERIVATIVE SPECTRO-PHOTOMETRY FOR DETERMINATION OF DIPYRONE IN PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS
Dipyrone (sodium noramidopyrine methanesulfate), a member of the pyrazolone group, is a drug that possesses analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and spasmolytic properties. Traditionally, iodimetric methods have been recommended for the quantitative determination of dipyrone in all its pharmaceutical forms. This work describes the development of zero order and fourth order (∆λ = 10) deriv...
4701
2214
SENSITIVE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF TRACE AMOUNTS OF VANADIUM (IV, V) USING DITHIOLPHENOLS AND HYDROFOB AMINS
Dithiolphenole (DP) has been synthesized and characterized with IR and NMR spectroscopic methods. A simple and spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of trace amounts of vanadium (IV, V). The reagents forms blue coloured insoluble in water complex with vanadium (IV, V) in a weakly acidic and slightly alkaline medium (pH 2.5 - 8.5). In the presence of hydrophobic a...
2980
1302
NON-INFERIORITY OF NEBULIZED COLISTIN COMPARED WITH CONVENTIONAL SYSTEMIC ANTIBIOTICS FOR THE TREATMENT OF VENTILATOR-ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA
Background: In the present study, our objective was to determine whether nebulized colistin as an adjunctive therapy to conventional intravenous antibiotics of Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) caused by multi-drug resistant (MDR) was safe and beneficial in critically ill patients. Methods: A prospective matched case-control study was performed at the ICUs of the University Hospital of Isfahan...
2853
1357
ANTI-HYPERLIPIDEMIC AND ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY OF ACTIVE EXTRACTS OF FRAGARIA NUBICOLA IN HIGH FAT DIET FED HYPERLIPIDEMIC RATS
Hyperlipidemia is a major risk factor for CHD, atherosclerosis and diabetes. Present study has been conducted to evaluate the antioxidant and anti hyperlipidemic activity of Fragaria nubicola. All in-vitro antioxidant activities were concentration dependent, which were compared with standard antioxidants BHT and Vitamin C. At concentration of 700 µg/ml the DPPH radical scavenging activity of meth...
3457
1363
LETROZOLE AND FRUCTOSE-INDUCED POLYCYSTIC OVARIES IN THE RAT: A NOVEL MODEL EXHIBITING BOTH OVARIAN AND METABOLIC CHARACTERISTICS FOR POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME IN RAT
Introduction: There are numerous animal models available for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a fully convincing model for PCOS reflecting all pathologic condition of PCOS seen in humans is not available due to difficulties in inducing all pathologies in rat models. If so, it will help to test drug to treat PCOS. The main goal of this study is to create a new model to reflect all pathologic condi...
3410
1427
NEUROPROTECTIVE ROLE OF HERB ECLIPTA ALBA LINN. ON ACUTE AND CHRONIC UNPREDICTABLE STRESS INDUCED BEHAVIORAL, BIOCHEMICAL AND NEURO-TRANSMITTER ALTERATION IN WISTAR MALE ALBINO RAT BRAIN
Chronic stress is a risk factor for the development of many psychopathological conditions in humans, including major depression and anxiety disorders and cognitive dysfunction. It is therefore important to focus on identifying possible mechanism to prevent these stress-induced disorders. Therefore, current study was designed to investigate the effect of Eclipta alba on chronic unpredicted stress (...
2900
1127
COMPARATIVE MOLECULAR DOCKING STUDIES AND STRUCTURAL PREDICTION OF PLANT COMPOUNDS ON LRRK2
Neurodegenerative disease is the condition of brain cells that lose of its ability to generate the neurotransmitters and this leads to the accumulation of proteins in the brain. These condition causes memory loss and problems in the cognitive functions. Neurological diseases are characterized by four major types such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington disease, Amyotrophic ...
3120
1191
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF EXACUM LAWII EXTRACTS AND VOLATILE OIL AGAINST OCULAR INFECTION
Exacum lawii is folklore medicinal herb, boiled with oil and used traditionally for ocular infection. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the in-vitro antibacterial and antifungal activity against ocular infection. Ethanolic extract, petroleum ether extract and volatile oil were extracted from Exacum lawii whole plant. Antibacterial activity and antifungal activity against strains causing ...
2462
994
AQUEOUS ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF ACALYPHA INFERNO LEAVES IS SAFE IN ANIMALS
Acalypha inferno (AI) is a well-known ornamental plant, presently with no known documentation concerning its therapeutic use and safety profile. However, other plants of the same genus, Acalypha, have been reported to have various uses ranging from food to medicine with their related adverse effects. This study therefore focused on the acute and subchronic toxicity effects of aqueous ethanolic le...
2487
1022
ANTI-BACTERIAL AND TOXICOLOGICAL ACTIVITY IN SILICO OF CINNAMOMUM CASSIA ESSENTIAL OIL
The search for natural anti-microbials present in plants has been the target of intense scientific studies over the last years. The objective of this study was to assess the in-vitro antibacterial potential and in silico toxicology of the essential oil of Cinnamomum cassia (Chinese cinnamon) against E. coli and S. aureus strains. The essential oil was initially solubilized in tween 80 and dimethyl...
2267
937
SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF SOME NOVEL IMIDAZOLIDINE ANALOGUES AS POTENT ANTIDIABETIC AGENT
Imidazolidine are five-member heterocyclic compounds having two nitrogens in the ring. There are two carbonyls in the ring, one of them between the two nitrogens. The five positions of the ring are numbered and, as such, there are four points of functionality, one at the 1 position, one at the 3 position and two at the 5 position in their ring structure respectively and thus exhibiting potent as w...
2350
1000
EFFECT OF POLYMER RATIO AND EXCIPIENTS ON METOPROLOL TARTRATE RELEASE FROM CHITOSAN – SODIUM ALGINATE POLYMERIC IMPLANTS
Natural biodegradable chitosan-sodium alginate polymer combination is a promising candidate for preparing drug-loaded implants because of the availability and inexpensiveness of the polymers over the semi synthetic biodegradable ones. The main objective of this research was to prepare and evaluate a biodegradable implantable system of the drug metoprolol tartrate because it plays an important role...
2378
965
DEVELOPMENT AND IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF NANOEMULSION EMBEDDED THERMOSENSITIVE IN-SITU OCULAR GEL OF DICLOFENAC SODIUM FOR SUSTAINED DELIVERY
The objective of this work was improvement in the ocular bioavailability of diclofenac sodium by enhancing drug permeation across cornea and promoting drug retention time on ocular surface. Using pseudo ternary phase diagrams transparent regions were identified and nanoemulsions were prepared by self-emulsification method, which were further optimized by emulsification study and drug content. Thre...
3254
1232
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF STABILITY-INDICATING UPLC METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF BRIVARACETAM, ITS RELATED IMPURITIES AND DEGRADATION PRODUCTS
A novel stability-indicating mass compatible gradient Reverse Phase Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatographic (RP-UPLC) method was developed for the quantitative determination of purity of brivaracetam drug substance samples in the presence of its impurities and degradation products. The method was developed using waters acquity UPLC BEH SHIELD RP18 (100 mm x 2.1 mm, 1.7 µm) column with mobile pha...
5964
2545
EFFECT OF SOLANUM CHRYSOTRICHUM SCHLDL. ON CELL PROLIFERATION IN VITRO
The effect of four extracts of Solanum chrysotrichum on the proliferation of bacteria, yeasts, mouse spleen cells and human transformed cells was determined. Dry leaves grounded were consecutively macerated 24 h with hexane, chloroform, methanol and water. Dilutions of 1, 10 and 100 µg/mL / DMSO were used for the assays with normal mouse spleen cells, DU-145 and MCF-7 cells. The cellular prolifer...
2391
940
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF IMMEDIATE RELEASE TABLETS OF PIOGLITAZONE HYDROCHLORIDE BY EMPLOYING MODIFIED SUPERDISINTEGRANTS
The aim and objective of the present work is to design and develop immediate release tablets of pioglitazone hydrochloride to improve the patient compliance and desired bioavailability by selected delivery system by following immediate release mechanism. In the present investigation, super disintegrants used in the combination of 1:1 ratio were modified using co-processed technology with the solve...
3318
1319
EFFECT OF PENTOXIFYLLINE ON SERUM CRP LEVELS IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS COMPARED WITH PLACEBO
Introduction: Inflammation indicates with increased levels of inflammatory markers such as CRP is common in hemodialysis patients. Higher levels of CRP is strong predictor of morbidity and mortality in dialysis patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pentoxifylline on serum CRP levels in hemodialysis patients compared with placebo. Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, ...
2188
986
A NOVEL METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE-4 INHIBITOR IN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS BY VISIBLE SPECTROPHOTOMETRY
A new, simple and low cost spectrophotometric method for the determination of teneligliptin, a new DPP IV inhibitor drug in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form using sodium nitroprusside was developed. The absorbance maximum (λmax) of the resulted colored product was at 445 nm. As different solvents were tried methanol was found to be the most suitable solvent. The Beer’s law has been obeyed i...
2450
1280
DEVELOPMENT, EVALUATION AND TARGETING OF IMATINIB MESYLATE LOADED SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES TO THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
For a formulation scientist, the delivery of therapeutic agents to the diseased organ has been a challenging problem. It is expected to improve the therapeutic index and reduce side effects of a drug by good delivery strategy to diseased organ. The objective of this investigation is to evaluate the targeting potential of solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) formulation of imatinib mesylate to the lympha...
3024
1246
A RAPID AND SENSITIVE LC-MS/MS ASSAY FOR THE DETERMINATION OF CLOBAZAM IN HUMAN PLASMA USING ELECTRO SPRAY IONIZATION TECHNOLOGY
A simple, highly sensitive, precise and accurate liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed for the rapid quantification of clobazam in human plasma samples. The chromatographic separation was achieved with a reverse phase column Reprosil Gold XBD C18 (100 × 3mm, 3µm) and the mobile phase consisted of 10 mM ammonium acetate buffer and 0.1% acetic acid in metha...
3113
977
BROAD SPECTRUM ANTIBIOFILM AND ANTIQUORUM SENSING POTENTIAL OF CRUDE SECONDARY METABOLITE EXTRACTS OF MICROBIAL ISOLATES OBTAINED FROM POLLUTED WALDHUNI RIVER
Bacterial biofilms due to antibacterial resistance are causing serious health issues with respect to infection control, its prognosis and treatment of disease. The current scenario demands need of new and alternative antibacterial compounds for treatment of such infections. The current study highlights the use of polluted river, Waldhuni, as a source of potent microorganisms with antibiofilm prope...
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1075
DEVELOPMENT OF QUALITY CONTROL PARAMETERS FOR THE STANDARDIZATION OF AEGLE MARMELOS (ROXB.) SEED
The present investigation was undertaken to determine the requisite pharmacognostic standards for evaluating the plant material. The macroscopic, microscopic, powder study, physicochemical, qualitative phytochemical and florescence analysis of the seed were carried out. The microscopic study showed abundant large parenchymatous cells with aleurone grains, calcium oxalate crystals, lignified tricho...
2707
1342
DEVELOPMENT OF Se DOPED ZnO NANOPARTICLES: ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND IN VIVO ACUTE NANOTOXICOLOGICAL IMPACT ON SWISS ALBINO MICE
Selenium nanoparticles are attracting more and more attention due to their excellent photoelectrical characteristics and high biological activity. Selenium is also found to be effective against cancer. ZnO nanoparticles are reported to inhibit the growth of a wide range of pathogenic bacteria under normal visible lighting conditions. In this research work, we report the preparation of a set of Sel...
2427
1246
MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN HUMAN RBCs DUE TO EXPOSURE TO SELECTED MEDICINAL PLANT LEAF EXTRACTS IN-VITRO
The aim of this experiment was to find out the in-vitro effects of the extracts of certain plants, considered to have medicinal value, on the erythrocyte model. The plants, selected for the study, were Tulsi (Ocimum tenuiflorum), Neem (Azadirachta indica) and Amla (Phyllanthus emblica).Three different concentrations of leaf extracts were prepared using tris-HCl, namely 0.3 mg/ml, 0.15 mg/ml and 0....
2215
939
PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, TOTAL PHENOLICS, FLAVONOID CONTENT AND ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF DIFFERENT PARTS OF BETULA UTILIS D. DON FROM KASHMIR HIMALAYA
The aim of this study was to compare the phytochemical composition, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC) and antioxidant activity of aerial and underground parts of Betula utilis. Qualitative phytochemical screening of the three parts indicates the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phytosterols, tannins, terpenoids, phenols, proteins, amino acids, anthraquinone glycosides ...
3258
1134
STABILITY PROFILE DEVELOPMENT USING SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION METHOD FOR FIXED DOSED COMBINATION OF ALISKIREN AND AMLODIPINE BY HPLC
The Pharma market is getting flooded with fixed dose combination drugs due to better patient compliance, has but created a challenging situation for analytical chemists. The objective of study was developing an analytical method for simultaneously estimating aliskiren and amlodipine in combination with their forced degradation products obtained by treating the sample under tress conditions like ac...
2184
993
IN-VITRO BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF FRACTIONS OF ETHYL ACETATE FRACTION OF THE WATER EXTRACT OF ARTOCARPUS HETEROPHYLLUS SENESCENT LEAVES
Artocarpus heterophyllus belongs to the family Moraceae. In Sri Lankan traditional medicine the water extract of A. heterophyllus senescent leaves is used to control diabetes mellitus. The hypoglycemic activity of ethyl acetate fraction of water extract of senescent leaves has been reported. Ethyl acetate fraction (EA/W) was fractionated using sephadex LH-20 column chromatography using the solvent...
2058
1038
ASSESSMENT OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF DIFFERENT EXTRACTS OF ANNONA RETICULATA (L.)
Objective: The present study has been carried out to evaluate the antioxidant property of different extracts obtained from successive extraction of Annona reticulata L. leave with solvents of increasing polarity. Effort also has been made to estimate the flavonoid and phenolics content of the extracts. Method: The antioxidant activity has been studied in-vitro by using DPPH, hydrogen peroxide and ...
2343
1226
PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND IN-VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF POGOSTEMON QUADRIFOLIUS (BENTH) OF LAMIACEAE
Pogostemon quadrifolius (Benth.) is a medicinal aromatic shrub in family Lamiaceae which is used as folk medicine in India. This present study deals with the preliminary screening of Pogostemon quadrifolius antimicrobial activity and TLC profiling of the crude plant extract. Cold extraction technique was carried out to prepare the crude plant extract, which was further screened for the presence of...
3025
1132
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND SCREENING OF PYRAZOLINE DERIVATIVES FOR ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY
Inflammation is a basic way in which the body reacts to infection, irritation or other injury, the key feature being redness, warmth, swelling and pain. There was a need for synthesis of anti-inflammatory agents with increased potency. Pyrazoline (dihydro pyrazole) derivatives exhibit various biological activities. These derivatives are well known for their pronounced anti-inflammatory activity. T...
2310
997
ANALYTICAL STUDY OF CHINCHA KSHARA THROUGH MODERN PARAMETERS LIKE XRD, SEM AND EDS
Analytical study of Ayurvedic preparations is the need of present scientific era. Though the Ayurvedic drugs are time tested and have been used successfully in the management of various ailments, it is now necessary to prove their quality, efficacy and safety to the scientific world through various modern analytical parameters. Chincha kshara is an important preparation mentioned in ayurvedic clas...
3384
1282
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ROPIVACAINE WITH CLONIDINE AND ROPIVACAINE ALONE IN SUPRACLAVICULAR BRACHIAL PLEXUS BLOCK
Background: Brachial plexus block provides minimal systemic impairment and excellent localized postoperative analgesia for upper extremity surgery. LA’s such as lignocaine, bupivacaine and ropivacaine are widely used along with adjuvant to improve the quality, onset and duration of block and to decrease postoperative analgesic requirement and systemic side effects. Adjuvant like α-2 agonist (Cl...
3271
1133
CITRAL ATTENUATES N-NITROSODIETHYLAMINE INDUCED LIVER CARCINOGENESIS IN EXPERIMENTAL WISTAR RATS
Antioxidants are one of the key troupes in tumorigenesis, several natural and artificial antioxidants were shown to have anticancer effects. The aim of the current study is to reveal the chemopreventive nature of citral during diethylnitrosamine (DEN) -induced liver cancer in male Wistar albino rats. Administration of DEN to rats caused in amplified relative liver weight and serum marker enzymes a...
2195
964
PATTERN OF ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN WESTERN ODISHA
Objective: To assess the pattern of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in a tertiary care hospital. Materials and methods: This study was conducted in VSS Medical College, Burla, Odisha from October 2012 to September 2014. ADRs collected from various clinical departments were compiled and analyzed for distribution of age, gender, department, drug class and organ system. Assessment of causality, severit...
3001
1130
INVESTIGATION OF PHYTOCONSTITUENTS IN STEM BARK OF FICUS BENGHALENSIS LINN. USING GC-MS TECHNIQUE
Objective of the present study is to investigate the chemical composition of methanol extract of stem bark of Ficus benghalensis Linn. (Indian Banyan Tree). Shade and air dried stem bark were powdered and extract was prepared according to selective sequential extraction using different solvents of increasing polarity. Methanol extract of stem bark of this plant was further subjected to gas chromat...
2256
1494
NEUTRALIZATION OF TOXINS IN AQUA CULTURE USING PROBIOTICS
Bioremediation is a waste management method where we can employ different types of microorganism’s to nullify the effect of pollutants from a contaminated site. In the current study the authors have carried out a three months study to find out how different bacterial strains of Bacillus licheniformis, B. substilis and pseudomonas species can be used to assess the water quality in terms of pa...
3017
1080
STUDIES ON POLYMORPHISM OF COMMERCIAL ASPIRIN AND ALBENDAZOLE TABLETS
Aspirin is a common medication used to treat pain, fever and inflammation. It shows the property of polymorphism and two polymorphic forms were characterized till now (Form I and Form II). Albendazole is another common medication used for the treatment of variety of parasitic worm infestations. This drug also shows polymorphism where two forms (Form I and Form II) of it were characterized till dat...
5175
1662
A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL TO EVALUATE THE EFFICACY OF SATAPUSHPASHATAVARI POWDERED DRUG WITH SATAPUSHPA-SHATAVARI GRITA FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME (PCOS)
Sri Lankan Ayurveda clinical practice Satapushpa Shatavari powder (SSP) with or without Satapushpa Shatavari Grita (SSG) enema is used for manage menstrual disturbances due to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Objective of Present study was to evaluate the efficacy of Satapushpa Shatavari Churna with Satapushpa Shatavari Grita Matra Vasti for the management of PCOS by an open label comparative cli...
6856
1647
DEVELOPMENT OF A POLYHERBAL CAPSULE FOR THE TREATMENT OF HYPERLIPIDAEMIA
Hyperlipidaemia is mentioned as one of the life-style-related diseases as much as so for diabetes. In the present study an attempt was made to develop herbal capsules, which are containing the extract of Murraya koenigii and Achyranthus aspera. One of the major concerns in designing new formulation is that the active ingredient should be compatible with all the excipients and packaging material co...
2847
906
EFFECT OF YEMENI SESAME OIL AGAINST SOME PATHOGENIC BACTERIA AND FUNGI
The present study was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of some sesame oils obtained from different cities of Yemen. Sensitivity testing against some pathogenic bacteria and fungi were studied with four types of sesame oils in the laboratory pouring aqueous extract of the sesame seeds into the wells of the culture media. Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Candida albicans...
4608
1129
A PHARMACIST BASED INTERVENTION TO IMPROVE THE CARE OF PATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION AND DIABETES MELLITUS IN A PRIVATE INSTITUTION
The study was intended to evaluate the effectiveness of patient counselling in improving the quality of life (QOL) and knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of hypertensive and diabetic patients in a private educational institution. The study was conducted for a period of six months with the help of validated KAP and QOL questionnaire. Impact of patient counselling was studied by comparing the K...
2225
1053
DETECTING MEDICATION ERRORS FROM ADVERSE DRUG REACTION MONITORING CENTRE DATABASE – A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS
Introduction: Despite the traditional focus on adverse drug reactions, pharmacovigilance centres have recently been identified as a potentially rich and important source of medication error (ME) data. The aim of this study is to identify ME from adverse drug reaction (ADRs) reports. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of ADR reports notified to adverse drug reaction monitoring centre o...
2637
1097
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF METRONIDAZOLE EFFERVESCENT GRANULES
Efferevescent granules are granular dosage form of drug in a dry mixture usually composed of effervescents like sodium bicarbonate, citric acid and tartaric acid. Effervescent granules when added to water, the acids and the base react to liberate CO2, resulting in effervescence. A combination of tartaric acid and citric acid is used as an effervescent base rather than either acid alone because whe...
21703
2596
METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF CEFEPIME BY USING RP-HPLC ALONG WITH ITS POTENCY
Cefepime is a broad - spectrum new parenteral cephalosporin used to treat moderate to severe nosocomial pneumonia, empirical treatment of febrile neutropenia and infections of the skin and urinary tract. In this present study a simple, accurate and precise reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed and validated for analysis of cefepime powder for injectable solu...
3287
1172
IN VITRO ANTHELMINTHIC AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF ISOLATED COMPOUNDS FROM ANNONA SQUAMOSA BARK
Objective: The present investigation of chemical constituents of Annona squamosa was undertaken as part of a wider study to find out the pharmacological active constituents present in this plant. So in this study, we investigate the pharmacological evaluation of previously isolated compounds (AS1-AS5) from the bark of Annona squamosa. Methods: The anthelminthic and antioxidant potential of the iso...
2007
862
EFFECT OF TRICHOSANTHES DIOICA AQUEOUS FRUIT EXTRACT IN DIABETES AND DIABETIC COMPLICATIONS
Anti-diabetic and protective activity of T. dioica aqueous extract in diabetic complications in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats was evaluated. Albino rats (n = 24) were divided into four groups, of six animals each. Group 1 (normal control) and Group 2 (diabetic control) received normal saline (10 ml/kg/day p.o.) whereas Group 3 (Standard, insulin 6 U/kg/day s.c) and Group 4 received 10...
2056
826
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF MIXTURE OF LEAF EXTRACTS OF NEEM (AZADIRACHTA INDICA LINN.) AND TANTANI (LANTANA CAMARA)
Screening of medicinal plants for their antimicrobial activity leads to development of less expensive formulations with better safety and efficacy. A. indica and L. camara shows antibacterial activity. A. indica is multipurpose tree with wide range of uses. Also the L. camara has steroidal content showing cardiotonic, antispasmodic activity along with antibacterial activity. In the present study w...
9431
2436
METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR THE ESTIMATION OF AMBROXOL HCl IN PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM
Rapid, sensitive, specific and validated colorimetric methods have been developed for the quantitative estimation of ambroxol HCl in bulk and dosage form. The current method was developed based on oxidation of ambroxol with Gibb’s reagent (method I) and p-diethyl amino benzaldehyde in toluene (method II). The formed intense colour complex was measured at 537.2 nm and 438.4 nm respectively. Under...
2743
1030
SYNTHESIS AND IN-VITRO EVALUATION OF PEPTIDE LINKED PRODRUGS OF SELECTED CEPHALOSPORIN
Cephalosporins are drug of choice for many infectious microorganisms even against many antibiotic resistant cases. Ceftriaxone, a third generation cephalosporin is effective in many infections including fluoro-quinolone resistant strains of Salmonella typhi, the causative pathogen for enteric fever (typhoid). The antibiotic is supposed to act in the intestinal cells but gastric instability limits ...
2041
1070
EFFECT OF TWO LEVELS FROM GINSENG AND GREEN COFFEE ON OBESE RATS
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of two levels from (green coffee, ginseng and their combination) on nutritional and biochemical status of obese rats. Forty eight male albino rats (Sprague Dawley Strain) used in this study, the rats divided into two main groups. The first main group (6 rats) fed on basal diet (as a control negative group). The second main group (42 rats) was fed e...
2371
982
PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND BIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE LEAVES OF TINOSPORA CORDIFOLIA
Helminthiasis is also known as worm infection and a endoparasitic disease of humans and other animals in which a part of a body is infected with parasitic worms. Tinospora cordifolia is a well known medicinal plant and widely used in folk medicine ayurvedic system. The objective of this work is to carry out phytochemical screening and in vitro anthelmintic activity of methanolic, petroleum ether a...
3072
985
METALLURGICAL AND SOLUBILITY STUDY OF ASHODHIT AND SHODHIT SROTONJANA
The mineral Srotonjana (antimony sulfide) is being used by Indians since ancient times. In Ayurvedic texts, it has been directed that Srotonjana should be used only after shodhana. Shodhana is a process to remove the unwanted physical, chemical impurities and toxic material and makes it suitable for medicinal use. Metallography is an advanced scientific study which is used in the study of the micr...
2774
1259
A STUDY TO EVALUATE THE TOTAL ORGANIC ACID CONTENT IN URINE OF CALCIUM OXALATE RENAL STONE FORMERS AND NON STONE FORMERS
Renal stones disease is the most common disease of the urinary tract affecting about 10% of the global population. Renal stone disease is a common disorder that develops when the urine becomes overly saturated with certain microscopic substances that bind into hardened mineral deposits known as renal stones. The objective of our current study is to evaluate the total organic acids of urine of calc...
1839
892
QUALITY BY DESIGN (QbD) BASED DEVELOPMENT OF A STABILITY INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF COBICISTAT IN BULK
By considering the current regulatory requirement for an analytical method development, a reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic method for routine analysis of cobicistat has been developed using analytical Quality by design approach. The optimized method was achieved using unisol C-18 (3 μm, 4.6 ×150 mm) column with mobile phase consisting of mixture of water and methanol (70:...
2190
933
SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF COUMARIN CLUBBED OXAZINES
Coumarin segment have been reported broad spectrum of different biological activities with the oxazine derivatives. In view that we have synthesized newer coumarin clubbed 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-substituted phenyl-2H-1,3-oxazin-2-amine and screened for their biological studies. 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-substituted phenyl-2H-1,3-oxazin-2-amine IIa-j condensed with 4-Methyl-6-nitro-2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yl c...
2484
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