Volume 13 (2022) - Issue 6, June
Review Articles
A REVIEW ON THE MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION IN SPORADIC PARKINSON’S DISEASE
Parkinson’s disease is the second most common progressive, age-linked neurodegenerative disorder. The sporadic form of the disease is usually idiopathic, where mitochondrial dysfunction is its major hallmark. Mitochondria are multifunctional dynamic organelles that carry out major cellular functions that get damaged by reactive oxygen species, deposition of lewy bodies, dopaminergic neuronal cel...
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REVIEW ON ACTIVITY OF CANNABIS TREATMENT ON PARKINSON’S DISEASE
As new treatments and medication are growing rapidly, neurologists are also toward expanding treating patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease and facing questions regarding cannabis as a treatment elective, particularly for levodopa-safe Parkinson's symptoms. Cannabinoids compounds like delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and Cannabidiol (CBD) are the most abundant chemicals present. Whereas T...
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SCREENING MODELS OF ANTI-PARKINSONIAN AGENTS
Parkinson’s disease (PD), identified as the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, is a progressive disease that impairs the ability to control voluntary movements mainly. According to the findings of the pathogenesis of PD, lesions in dopaminergic innervation of the basal ganglia cause degeneration of neurons in the substantia nigra and thus leads to loss of striatal dopamine level. Hen...
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OROXYLUM INDICUM: AN OVERVIEW
Oroxylum indicum (O. indicum), commonly known as the Indian trumpet tree, belonging to the family Bignoniaceae, is a medicinally important, small, or medium-sized plant used to treat various diseases and also has its importance in the traditional system of medicine. Various parts of the plant have been proved to possess useful pharmacological activities. It is native to the Indian subcontinent, ex...
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A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ON DRUG REPOSITIONING: A NEW METHODOLOGY TO DRUG DISCOVERY
At a time where we understand that new drug discovery and development involves significant cost, expensive products and is the slow-paced process, an innovative idea called ‘Drug Repositioning’, which basically means repurposing of old drugs to treat diseases including both common and rare are being increasingly attractive as it provides drug development in a sustainable cost, time efficiently...
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SALVIA HISPANICA (CHIA) SEEDS – A REVIEW ON PHARMACOLOGICAL BENEFITS, NUTRACEUTICAL PROPERTIES, EXTRACTION METHOD AND APPLICATIONS
The plant Salvia hispanica belongs to the family Lamiaceae, a highly valued medicinally important seed, commonly known as chia seeds. About 75% of the fats in chia seeds consist of omega-3 alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), while about 20% consist of omega-6 fatty acid. Omega-3s play an important role in sharpening memory and improving mood. Chia seeds also contain polyunsaturated fatty acids, dietary fi...
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PHYTOCHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF THEVETIA PERUVIANA: A REVIEW
In any nation's public health care system, plants play an essential role in therapeutic treatment. The plant Thevetia peruviana is an evergreen ornamental dicotyledonous shrub belonging to the family Apocynaceae. Thevetia peruviana is widely distributed in Central and South America and Asian countries, especially in India and Srilanka. Alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, tannins, saponins...
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AN OVERVIEW ON QUALITY BY DESIGN IN PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
The concept of Quality by Design reflects current global regulatory thinking related to pharmaceutical products. The pharmaceutical industry needs to improve its performance. Newer technologies need to be implemented that can effectively reduce the cost and, at the same time, improves product quality. Quality by design (QbD) is the best solution to build quality in all pharmaceutical products. The...
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MICROSPHERES: A NOVEL APPROACH FOR DELIVERY OF ANTIHYPERLIPIDEMIC DRUGS
Microsphere drug delivery is a novel drug delivery approach for sustaining and controlling the rate and release of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Microspheres are the choice of drug delivery for delivering the drug at a specific site to release the encapsulated drug to treat various diseases. Microspheres drug delivery is an attractive dosage form in terms of its flexibility and sustaining the...
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VARYING ANORECTAL DISORDERS: THEIR REMEDIES
Anorectal disorders are often perceived in surgery practice and often reside with pain with shifting vigour. Endeavour has been made to lessen pain and avoid ligature. Minuscule hospital stay with early return to work is the main aim of developing newer techniques in the management of anorectal diseases. Diverse modalities with the main tensity on surgical interceding for managing more common anor...
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THERAPEUTIC RELEVANCE OF AEGLE MARMELOS: A REVIEW
Aegle marmelos, commonly known as Bael or Bilva, is a traditional tree belonging to the family Rutaceae with enormous value in ethnobotany, Ayurveda, and has been used since time immemorial for its spiritual significance as an offering to Lord Shiva while worshipping. Looking at its religious perspective and medicinal benefits, people have conserved trees of Bael in sacred groves. It is a sub-trop...
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Research Articles
FUNGICIDAL ACTIVITY OF FIVE DISINFECTANTS ON ISOLATES OF CANDIDA SPECIES
Determine the fungicidal activity of five disinfectants on Candida auris of clinical and environmental origin. Assess the fungicidal efficiency of each disinfectant on the microorganism. Calculate the percentage of efficiency (% E) of each disinfectants on Candida strain and determine the specific death rate (k) and decimal reduction time for microorganisms. Analytic and experimental researc...
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COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF THE LEAVES OF MURRAYA KOENIGII AND CENTELLA ASIATICA IN EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE IN ANIMALS
Ulcerative colitis was defined as a common intestinal infla-mmatory disease characterized by upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress. The leaves of Murraya koenigii and Centella asiatica had been used in traditional medicine to treat the disease. The present study aimed to perform a comparative protective efficacy evaluation between Murraya koenigii and Centella asiatica on...
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LEUCAS ASPERA (WILD.) LINK ROOTS EXTRACT SECONDARY METABOLITES BESTOW ANTIOXIDANT, ANTI-BACTERIAL PROPERTIES AND INDUCE CELL CYTOTOXICITY TO HUMAN BREAST CANCER CELLS, MCF-7 BY APOPTOSIS
Leucas aspera species, auspicious in many cultures worldwide, are sources of novel bioactive secondary metabolites. The mechanism by which they exhibit therapeutic potential via antioxidant, antimicrobial and apoptotic properties is scant. The main objective of the current study was to evaluate the properties of activity-guided fractionated root methanol extract. As the methanol extract exhibited ...
735
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EVALUATION OF ERYTHROPOIETIN AS NEUROPROTECTANT IN ALCOHOL-INDUCED PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY IN RATS
Alcoholic peripheral neuropathy is a potentially incapacitating complication of long-term excessive consumption of alcohol characterized by pain and dysesthesias, primarily in the lower extremities. The neurological effects of ethanol consumption are complex, encompassing both the central and peripheral nervous systems. It breaks into acetaldehyde which impairs and destroys the majority of neurona...
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QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP (QSAR) STUDIES OF SUBSTITUTED BENZIMIDAZOLE ANALOGUES WITH POTENT ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY
Computational chemistry is a robust and economical tool for designing and developing potent therapeutic molecules. Benzimidazole and its analogues are compounds with a unique pharmacophore that derives its application as broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents. A quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) study was performed using a data set of 28 benzimidazole analogues with antimicrobial ac...
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EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTY OF SELECTED REGIONAL MEDICINAL PLANTS USING DPPH, ABTS AND H2O2 AND TPC & TFC METHODS
The various medicinal plants have been used in the Ayurvedic medicine system to treat various diseases for a long period. The plant shows first-line defense mechanisms by secondary metabolites against different diseases and foreign particles to build immunity. This metabolite are classified as phyto & polyphenolic compound. Antioxidants play an important role in humans due to the presence of t...
606
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GC-MS ANALYSIS OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF UROCHLOA DISTACHYA (L.) T. Q. NGUYEN, LEAVE
Urochloa distachya (Poaceae), commonly known as Signal grass 20-60 cm long found in tropical Asian origin, Africa, and other countries. Generally, it has been used in fodder, animal feed etc., and least and no therapeutic activities were reported. The present study was established to identify the phytochemicals by using GC-MS of the U. distachya leaves part. The leaves part of the plant was extrac...
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EFFECTS OF GIMA LEAVES (GLINUS OPPOSITIFOLIUS) ON HAEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF ADULT HUMAN
Glinus oppositifolius (Linn) is a branched herb containing linear to obovate, opposite leaves with greenish flowers, and it belongs to the molluginaceae family. This bitter leafy vegetable is known as gima shak in West Bengal, Assam & Bangladesh. This leaf contains various bioactive components which provide protection against diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, joint pain, inflammation, diarrhea, skin...
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IDENTIFICATION AND QUANTIZATION OF OLEANOLIC ACID IN STEM AND ROOTS OF ACHYRANTHES ASPERA USING VALIDATED HPTLC METHOD
Objective: Active chemical constituent in plants exhibits pharmacological action. Hence this research work aimed to identify and quantitate oleanolic acid. Methods: A simple, high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) is developed and validated to identify and quantify oleanolic acid. The extracts were spotted as bands on aluminum TLC plates which were pre-coated with silica gel. Different...
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EVALUATION OF ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF PICRORHIZA KURROA ROYLE EX. BENTH. – IN-VITRO AND IN-VIVO
During the past few years, diabetes has been one of the leading metabolic disorders. It occurs when the body does not produce enough insulin or the body cells are not efficient enough to take up the insulin. This increases blood glucose levels that affect the body system, particularly blood vessels and nerves. Due to the side effects of allopathic medicines, individuals are searching the other alt...
535
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FORMULATION, OPTIMIZATION AND EVALUATION OF FEBUXOSTAT LOADED SNEDDS FOR TREATING GOUT
Febuxostat (FXT), used for treating gout, is poorly soluble and is susceptible to enzymatic degradation when administered as tablets. The current study aims to formulate, optimize and develop a stable Liquid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (L-SNEDDS) and Solid SNEDDS to improve solubility, resulting in enhanced bioavailability and further to formulate Self-Nano emulsifying Osmotic Pump T...
620
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ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITIES OF PUNICA GRANATUM RIND ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT AGAINST SOME NON-ALBICANS CANDIDA SPP.
Punica granatum (Pomegranate) external peel extract in 70% ethanol was challenged against two non-albicans Candida spp. to find out it’s possible antifungal effects in disc diffusion technique as well as in microtiter dilution to find out MIC levels. Although both showed sensitivity zones in disc diffusion technique at 100 mg/mL concentration of the extract, at lower concentrations (<16.6 mg/...
522
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SCREENING OF RANDIA DUMETORUM LAMK. EXTRACTS FOR ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY USING MOUSE MODEL OF HCL-INDUCED ALI
Acute Lung Injury (ALI) and its more severe form Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a clinical syndrome with a high mortality rate (27-41%). There is no pharmacological therapy for ALI treatment so far because of the complex mechanism and involvement of multiple pathways. So, the present study was designed to test the role of different extract/fractions of fruits of a traditional plant ...
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A MOLECULAR MODELING STUDY OF PHYTOCONSTITUENTS ANALYSED VIA GC-MS TECHNIQUE IN THE RHIZOME PART OF HEDYCHIUM SPICATUM (ZINGIBERACEAE)
Hedychium spicatum is one of the plant species reported from the northern Himalayan ranges of India, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, with ethnobotanical values and is well-known for their ethnomedicinal applications. In the present investigation, pet ether and ethanolic rhizome extracts of Hedychium spicatum were Analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) to identify the imp...
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PREVALENCE AND PREDICTORS OF DRUG-RELATED PROBLEMS AMONG MEDICAL WARD PATIENTS IN A SECONDARY CARE REFERRAL HOSPITAL: A PROSPECTIVE HOSPITAL-BASED INTERVENTIONAL STUDY
Drug-Related Problem (DRP) affects the hospital stay, healthcare budget, quality of life, morbidity, and mortality. The study aims to assess the prevalence and predictors of DRPs in hospitalized patients and provide intervention. A prospective interventional study was conducted in the in-patient medical department of the NGO hospital. A total of 310 subjects were enrolled and screened for the pres...
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A QUESTIONNAIRE STUDY ON THE KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND THE PRACTICE OF COVID-19 AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN AJMER, RAJASTHAN
Background: Covid-19 has become a global threat. All most all the countries are facing this pandemic. This pandemic has greatly affected the medical education and medical students who are tomorrow's doctors. So, they need to have a wide awareness regarding the knowledge, attitude, and practice towards this Covid-19 infection. Objective: To study the knowledge, attitude, and practice of medical stu...
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GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS ON THE HEPATOPROTECTIVE POTENTIAL OF PHYLLANTHUS NIRURI
Phyllanthus niruri commonly known as Keezhanelli is traditionally used as a medicinal plant in many parts of the world. In this study, phytochemical screening was the hepatoprotective potential of the plant investigated. Two plant forms, namely, dry powder and fresh leaves were used. Aqueous and methanolic extracts were prepared from both forms, and the experiments were carried out. The hepatoprot...
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ANTIDEPRESSANT EFFECT OF IBANDRONATE ON DEPRESSION MODELS
This study was designed to evaluate and compare the Antidepressant effect of Ibandronate with Amitriptyline on depression models in albino mice. Eighteen Swiss albino mice weighing 20-25 grams were selected and divided into three groups of six animals each. Group 1: Normal Saline- 0.5 ml, Group 2: Amitriptyline - 39 mg/kg, Group 3: Ibandronate 0.325 mg/kg administered orally every day for 30 days....
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DESIGN SYNTHESIS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF NOVEL BENZHYDRYL PIPERAZINE DERIVATIVES AS A NEW CLASS OF ANTI-CONVULSANT AGENTS
A novel series 3(a–d) 1-(4-benzhydryl piperazin-1-yl)-3-(di substituted) propan-1-one &1-(4-benzhydrylpiperazin-1-yl)-3-(piperidin-1-yl) propan-1-one (3e) & 1-(4-benzhydrylpiperazin-1-yl)-3-morpholinopropan-1-one (3f) compounds have been synthesized and screened for its anticonvulsant and neurotoxic activity, After i.p. injection to rat at doses of 30, 100, and 300 mg/kg body weight. Syn...
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A STUDY ON SERUM UREA AND CREATININE IN DIAGNOSED CASES OF SUBCLINICAL HYPOTHYROIDISM
Hypothyroidism is a progressive disorder characterized by varying degrees of thyroid failure, metabolic consequences, and hemodynamic changes that decrease renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate, increasing serum creatinine level. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate and analyse the level of serum urea, creatinine and thyroid function tests in cases of subclinical hypothyroidis...
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EFFECT OF VITAMIN D ON THE OXIDATIVE STRESS PARAMETER (MDA) IN HYPOTHYROID PATIENTS
Background: Hypothyroidism is a metabolic disorder. Vitamin D is known to improve the impact of autoimmune diseases; hence, vitamin D supplements and adjuvant therapy can improve hormonal and metabolic imbalance along with oxidative stress. The study aims to determine the effect of Vitamin D on the oxidative stress parameter in hypothyroid patients compared to controls and hypothyroid subjects be...
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EFFECT OF DIALLYL DISULFIDE (DADS) ON GLUCOSE UTILIZATION IN DIABETIC ERYTHROCYTES
Background & objectives: Diallyl disulphide (DADS) is an active component of garlic that has been claimed to have hypoglycemic effect and are beneficial in achieving glycemic control in diabetes mellitus (DM). The present study was conducted to assess the glucose utilization in erythrocytes in diabetic subjects after the exposure of DADS. Methods: The blood samples were collected from diabetic...
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ANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF METFORMIN AND SAXAGLIPTIN
The present study aims to develop a verse phase HPLC method for the simultaneous estimation of Metformin and Saxagliptin. In bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form and to validate the proposed method in accordance with ICH guidelines for the intended analytical application. Multiple trials were run to Metformin and Saxagliptin, get eluted with good peak symmetric properties. Mobile phase Phosphate bu...
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ETHNOMEDICINAL IMPORTANCE OF RAINY SEASON WEEDS OF JHANSI DISTRICT
An ethnomedicinal exploration of weeds of Jhansi district, located in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India, has been carried out to identify and find out the use of weeds to treat different ailments. Folklore people living in remote areas do not have easy access to hospitals or medical facilities, so they depend on the plants and weeds present in their surroundings to treat various diseases or phys...
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ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY POTENTIAL OF THE LEAF EXTRACTS, COLUMN FRACTIONS AND COMPOUNDS OF THE MEDICINAL PLANT JASMINUM FLEXILE VAHL
The medicinal plant Jasminum flexile is reported in traditional medicine as an antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory agent. There is no scientific report on the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity of extracts of Jasminum flexile. This study investigated the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory potential of the hydroethanol extract of leaves of Jasminum flexile, its column fractions and consti...
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CLINICAL STUDY ON THE IMMUNOMODULATORY EFFECT OF NIDIGDHIKADILEHA ON PRANAVAHA SROTO DUSHTI W. S. R. UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS IN CHILDREN
Aim of study: A Randomized controlled trial was planned to evaluate the Clinical efficacy of Nidigdhikadileha an Ayurveda multi-dimensional herb preparation in children suffering from Recurrent Respiratory tract infection in children. Nidigdhikadileha contains Nidigdhika (Solanum Xanthocarpum), Pippali (Piper longum), Amrita (Tinospora cardifolia), and Nagar (Zingiber officinale). All these drugs ...
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DE RITIS RATIO OF COVID-19 PATIENTS ADMITTED DURING FIRST, SECOND AND THIRD WAVE
Background: To date, the 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) is the greatest public medical issue in the world. World Health Organization (WHO) declared this outbreak a “public health emergency of international concern” on January 31, 2020. Therefore, it bodes well to look for a potential biomarker that could quickly and effectively distinguish serious cases early. Of the total confirm...
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ANTIADIPOGENIC, FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF NIGELLA SATIVA SEED FRACTIONS
Obesity and overweight have recently drawn greater attention due to their central role in the rapid increase of metabolic syndrome disorders. The research pursuit for exploring novel and effective therapeutic alternatives to deal with obesity ailments and oxidative stress has received immense interest. In this study, different solvent fractions of Nigella sativa (N. sativa; Black cumin) seeds were...
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