Volume 6 (2015) - Issue 10, October
Review Articles
MEDICINAL PLANTS: THEIR USE IN ANTICANCER TREATMENT
Globally cancer is a disease which severely effects the human population. There is a constant demand for new therapies to treat and prevent this life-threatening disease. Scientific and research interest is drawing its attention towards naturally-derived compounds as they are considered to have less toxic side effects compared to current treatments such as chemotherapy. The Plant Kingdom produces ...
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A REVIEW ON RECENT DEVELOPMENT OF PYRAZOLINE AS A PHARMOCOLOGICALLY ACTIVE MOLECULE
Pyrazoline, among the various 5-membered heterocyclic compound derivatives has drawn attention towards it because of its various pharmacologically activities associated with it. Pyrazolines are a five membered heterocyclic having two adjacent nitrogen atoms within the ring with only one endocyclic double bond and is basic in nature. A lot of research work has been done on synthesis and biological ...
9493
3062
ETHOSOMES: UNIQUE ELASTIC VESICULAR CARRIER – AN OVERVIEW
Ethosomes are phospholipid-based elastic vesicles which have a potential as novel topical and transdermal drug delivery systems. They are ethanolic phospholipids vesicles which can act as carriers for various medicaments. Ethosomes have gained importance in the area of research, because of their intensified skin permeation, better delivery of drug and increased drug entrapment efficiency. These sy...
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NANOTECHNOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO HERBAL DRUGS USED IN CANCER THERAPY
In the last few years there has been an exponential growth in the field of herbal medicine and these drugs are obtaining popularity both in developing and developed countries because of their natural origin and lesser side effects. Many traditional medicines in use and they are derived from medicinal plants, minerals and some organic matter. The World Health Organization (WHO) has listed 21,000 pl...
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PIPERAZINE – A BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SCAFFOLD
The broad and potent activity of piperazine has established it as one of the biologically important scaffolds. This article is an effort to highlight the importance of the piperazine in the present context and promise they hold for the future. This review mainly focused the updated information on the most active piperazine derivatives that have been reported to show significant biological actions ...
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DRUG SAFETY ASSESSMENT IN CLINICAL TRIALS: CONCEPTS AND ISSUES
Ensuring patient safety during and after clinical trials is the sole priority of the drug-development process. In both clinical trials and clinical practice, each patient must be treated according to his or her illness and needs. For this purpose, monitoring of patient safety at all levels of drug-development is given utmost importance. Such monitoring is a dynamic process having motive of protect...
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1585
CURCUMA LONGA: BOON FOR HEALTH CARE SYSTEM WITH ITS BIOMEDICAL APPLICATION
Turmeric is a spice derived from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa, which is a member of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae). Turmeric constituents include the three curcuminoids: Curcumin (diferuloylmethane; the primary constituent and responsible for its vibrant yellow color), demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin, as well as volatile oils (tumerone, atlantone, and zingiberone), sugars, proteins...
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Research Articles
EFFECT OF AM FUNGI AND DIFFERENT SELENIUM LEVELS ON THE QUALITY OF SALVIA MILTIORRHIZA BGE
The effects of AM fungi on Salvia miltiorrhiza under different selenium levels was researched using pot technology. The results showed that inoculation of AM fungi significantly increased the plant height, root length, each part weight, chlorophyll, protein and selenium content of Salvia miltiorrhiza under the same selenium level, in addition, MDA and proline contents decreased significantly. It c...
3786
1630
INVESTIGATION OF IN-VIVO PENETRATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF NANOMETRIC TiO2 IN TROPICAL ALBINISTIC SKIN BY SEQUENTIAL ADHESIVE TAPE STRIPPING
The non-invasive adhesive tape stripping technique was used to evaluate dermato-pharmacokinetics of nanometric titanium dioxide in tropical albinistic skin. Ten sequential strippings were conducted on exposure sites on the forehead, inner and upper forearms of three oculocutaneous albinism individuals 26+/- 4 years old, 15 minutes post dosing of 6.75mg/cm2 of a 5% titanium dioxide cream specifical...
3451
1622
PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION, MICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY CONTROL AND TOXICITY EVALUATION OF THE HIDROETHANOLIC EXTRACT FROM CHENOPODIUM AMBROSIOIDES LINN
Chenopodium ambrosioides Linn, member of the National List of Medicinal Plants of Interest to SUS (RENISUS), is used to treat different diseases and shows good potential to generate products of interest to the Brazilian Unified Health System “Sistema Único de Saúde” (SUS). However, the use of herbal derivatives implies the control of their quality and the evaluation of their toxicity. Pharma...
4445
2007
A CLINICAL STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF DIFFERENT TREATMENT MODALITIES ON IMPROVING THE CLINICAL OUTCOMES IN CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS PATIENTS
Background: Periodontal disease is one of the two main and most prevalent oral diseases all over the world. Treatment strategies are diverse. To date, scaling and root planing (SRP) is still the gold standard non-surgical therapy for periodontitis. Systemically administered antibiotics can be used as an adjunct to SRP to improve the treatment outcome of periodontitis. Purpose: To compare clinical ...
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BINGERVONE, AN ANTIPROTOZOAL β-TRIKETONE DERIVATIVE FROM THE ROOTS OF UVARIA AFZELII (ANNONACEAE)
Uvaria afzelii Scott Elliot (Annonaceae) is an African traditional medicinal plant. In Ivory Coast, roots of the plant are commonly used as antiparasitic and against others ailments. During our previous investigation on the roots one 1-indanone derivative was obtained together with other compounds that showing interesting antiprotozoal activities. The aim of this study was to isolate other antipro...
8014
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PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF AN OILY SUSPENSION OF OMEPRAZOLE FOR ADMINISTRATION IN PEDIATRICS
The present research was focused on the development of an oily suspension for oral administration of omeprazole in Pediatrics. Currently, for the treatment of this population, extemporaneous preparations are used in hospitals with many limitations in their use as bad organoleptic features and loss of drug activity due to improper manipulation, causing the omeprazole to be sensitive to the acidic e...
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COMPARATIVE ANTIANXIETY ACTIVITY EVALUATION OF ARGYREIA SPECIOSA LINN. (ROOTS), CAESALPINIA DIGYNA ROTTLER (ROOTS) AND SPHAERANTHUS INDICUS LINN. (FLOWERS)
Aim of the present study was a comparative evaluation of antianxiety activity of three traditionally used medicinal plants — Argyreia speciosa (Roots), Caesalpinia digyna (Roots) and Sphaeranthus indicus (Flowers). The activity of various extracts (petroleum ether, chloroform, ethanol and water) of all the three plants was evaluated using elevated plus-maze model. The studies were conducted on l...
4570
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ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF NEW POTENTIAL ALLELOCHEMICAL FROM STEMS OF CASSIA SIAMEA LAM.
A new potential allelochemical (A) m.f. C34H42O19, m.p 168-170 ◦C, [M]+ 754 (FABMS) along with two known compounds Scutellarin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (B), Luteolin (C) were isolated from methanolic extract of the stems of Cassia Siamea Lam. The structure of a new allelochemical (A) was characterized as 3,7-dihydroxy-5,3',4'-trimethoxyflavone-3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyrano...
4135
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SOLID DISPERSION ADSORBATE–A NOVEL TECHNIQUE FOR DISSOLUTION ENHANCEMENT OF FEBUXOSTAT
The objective of the present investigation was to improve dissolution characteristics of febuxostat, a BCS class – II drug, by formulating it as solid dispersion adsorbate. Solid dispersion adsorbate(SDA) was prepared using labrasol, transcutol and lutrol F127 as carriers and neusilin as adsorbent. Formulation was prepared using combination of melt and adsorption technique. Optimized formulation...
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MODULATORY ROLE OF WITHENIA SOMNIFERA ROOT EXTRACT MIXED PELLETED FEED ON PESTICIDE INDUCED HEPATIC ANOMALIES’ IN FRESH WATER CATFISH CLARIAS BATRACHUS (LINN.)
The pharmacological activity of Withenia somnifera commonly called Ashwagandha, a herb having multi-medicinal properties, was investigated against carbofuran exposed hepatic anomalies in the air breathing fish Clarias batrachus. Fishes were exposed to 1 mg/L carbofuran for three weeks to induce the toxic effects. These fishes were then fed with Withenia somnifera root extract mixed pelleted fe...
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ANTIOXIDANT, CYTOTOXIC AND PHYTOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THE ETHANOL EXTRACT OF PIPER BETLE LEAF
The use of natural products for the treatment of various diseases has a long history. In the present study, the anti-oxidative, cytotoxic and phytochemical properties of ethanol extract of a local variety of Piper betle leaves cultivated in Potia, Bangladesh has been investigated. The antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of the Piper betle ethanol extract were evaluated by DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picr...
8689
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HPTLC FINGERPRINTING, ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL AND ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY OF INDIAN HIMALAYAN LINGZHI: GANODERMA LUCIDUM
Ganoderma lucidum (Fr.) Karst., known as medicinal mushroom and it contains several bioactive phytochemicals such as polysaccharides, nucleosides, alkaloids, coumarin, ergosterols, ganoderic acids, lactones, mannitol, organic germanium, triterpenoids, unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins and minerals which are well known for their pharmacological properties. In the present investigation adenine, aden...
4828
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CHELATION THERAPY IN THE NEONATAL PERIOD: D-PENICILLAMINE CAN EXERT NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFECTS IN KERNICTERUS AND RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY
This review covers of the results of previously conducted retrospective and prospective clinical trials and data of Cochrane reviews to examine the effects of D-penicillamine (DPA) for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and associated low incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). In the ABO- and Rh-Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn (HDN) DPA significantly reduced the need for both initial and repeate...
4752
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EFFICIENCY OF A COST-EFFECTIVE UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF CIPROFLOXACIN HCL IN MARKETED TABLET FORMULATION
A simple, reproducible and economical UV spectrophotometric method was developed for determining the potency of ciprofloxacin HCl in tablet dosage forms marketed in Bangladesh. Standard curves of ciprofloxacin HCl in the media of 0.1N HCl and distilled water were obtained by plotting absorbance versus concentration where calibration curve was found to be linear (r2>0.99). The average potency va...
5097
1406
EFFECTS OF ALOE VERA ON LIVER OF SWISS ALBINO MICE AGAINST SUBLETHAL DOSE OF GAMMA RADIATION
The radioprotective effect of Aloe vera was studied in liver of Swiss albino mice. Animals were divided into three groups. Animals of group I administered double distilled water only, group-II Aloe vera (drug) and control set of group III were given radiation only where as animals experimental set of group III were administered by Aloe vera + Radiation. Animals were given Aloe vera leaf extract or...
3421
2056
PLACKETT-BURMAN SCREENING OF OLMESARTAN MEDOXOMIL LIQUISOLID TABLETS: QUALITY BY DESIGN APPROACH
Solubility is considered as the important parameters to achieve desired concentration of drug in systemic circulation for achieving required pharmacological response. Olmesartan medoxomil (OLM) is poorly soluble belongs to BCS class II. The drug is rapidly absorbed following oral administration, with a bioavailability approximately 26%. Liquisolid technique was used to enhance the aqueous...
3105
2034
COMPARATIVE EFFECT OF AGOMELATINE VERSUS ESCITALOPRAM ON GLYCEMIC CONTROL AND SYMPTOMS OF DEPRESSION IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AND DEPRESSION
Introduction: A bidirectional relationship exists between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and depression. There is dearth of research on comparative suitability of different antidepressants in people with T2DM and depression. Aim: To compare the effects of Escitalopram and Agomelatine on glycemic control and symptoms of depression in patients with T2DM and depression. Materials and Methods: We con...
5257
1413
EFFECTS OF CIGARETTE SMOKING ON SEMEN PARAMETERS OF MEN
Addicted smokers Semen analysis from a cross section of population of Anantapuramu district, Andhra Pradesh, India was done as it provides a useful profile of the function of the male reproductive health. Seventy two (72) men were drown from a cross section of smokers and divided in to two age groups namely 25-30 years and 31-40 years. In both age groups persons were selected basing as how many ci...
3733
1222
EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT EFFECT OF CITRULLUS VULGARIS AGAINST CADMIUM-INDUCED NEUROTOXICITY IN MICE BRAIN
Cadmium is a potent neurotoxic heavy metal, which induces oxidative stress and membrane disturbances in brain. Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathology of number of neurodegenerative disorders including Alzeimers disease. The present study was aimed to evaluate the antioxidant effect of hexane extract of Citrullus vulgaris seed (CVSO) in the brain of cadmium (cd) treated mice as an an...
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FORMULATION OF DIRECT COMPRESSED VERAMPAMIL SUSTAINED RELEASE FORMULATION USING OPTIMIZED CO PROCESSED EXCIPIENTS
Pharmaceutical excipients when co-processed have improved flow and disintegrant properties in tablet formulations. However, physical mixtures of excipients show limited functions, poor flow properties, and poor functional properties so they cannot be used directly in tablet formulations. Majority of solid dosage forms contain multiple excipients, which provides a wide window of opportunities by co...
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STUDIES ON PHTHALIC ACID-PROPANE-1, 2-DIOL-GLYCEROL CO-POLYESTER AS AN ENTERIC COATING MATERIAL
Enteric coating material that, was synthesized in the laboratory and applied to a tablet and also drug release profile was investigated. A polymeric material - Phthalic acid propane-1,2 diol-glycerol co-polyester (PPGC) was synthesized from phthalic acid and propane-1, 2-diol with 5% glycerol of total weight as a crosslinking agent using Dean-Stark apparatus with Ferric Chloride as catalyst and o-...
3208
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QUALITY BY DESIGN APPROACH TO OPTIMIZATION OF TACROLIMUS LOADED PLGA NANOPARTICLES
The aim of the present study was to implement QbD approach to identify, evaluate and control critical process and formulation parameters and their impact on critical quality attributes (CQAs) and to establish design space with multifactorial combination which would provide high degree of assurance to achieve quality target product profile (QTPP). A risk assessment was performed with various proces...
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1561
PHARMACOGNOSTIC STUDIES ON STEM BARK OF CORDIA OBLIQUA WILLD.
Cordia obliqua Willd var. obliqua. is a medium sized, broad leaved deciduous tree. It is found growing not only all over Asia but nearly the whole of the globe. Cordia obliqua (F. Boraginaceae) is traditionally used against fever, chest disease, leprosy, gonorrhoea and helminthes. Bark is bitter, mild astringent and tonic and used in general debility and convalescence. Decoction of the bark is use...
3729
1444
SURVEY ON PATTERN OF SNAKE BITE CASES ADMITTED IN SOUTH INDIAN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITALS
Background: Snake bite is a problem across the developing countries, where agriculture is one of the main sources of income and India is one among it. Objective: The study was carried out to determine the pattern of snake bite in four different selected tertiary care hospitals of south India for a period of 03 years from March 2011 to March 2014. Material and Methods: A prospective observational s...
4275
1554
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF FAST DISSOLVING TABLETS OF HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE AND ATENOLOL CO-CRYSTALS
Hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) is a class IV drug which has limited solubility and permeability, for overcome this problems co-crystallization method is used. Co-crystallization is the process to enhance the physical properties of drug molecule especially the solubility. HCT belongs to diuretic category and Atenolol (ATL) belongs to Beta blocker category they are combined for use in tablet formulation....
4271
1657
EVALUATION OF ANTI-STRESS ACTIVITY OF HYDRO-ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF SAUROPUS ANDROGYNUS LEAVES
Anti-stress activity of hydro-alcoholic extract of Sauropus androgynous leaves was investigated against experimentally induced stress in rats using forced swimming endurance test and chronic cold restraint stress test. Acute toxicity study was performed and hydro-alcoholic extract of Sauropus androgynous leaves was found to be safe at a dose of 2000 mg/kg bodyweight. Two doses 200 mg/kg (SALE-200)...
5565
1687
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF HYPOGLYCEMIC EFFECTS AND ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF POLYHERBAL FORMULATION IN ALLOXAN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS AN ALTERNATIVE THERAPEUTIC AGENT FOR DIABETES MANAGEMENT
Objective: Comparative screening of Polyherbal preparations for anti-diabetic and antioxidant activity in rats. Materials and Methods: The blood glucose lowering activity of the Polyherbal preparation 1and 2 was studied in normal rats and alloxan-induced diabetic rats after oral administration at doses of 1.0 ml/kg body wt. Blood samples were collected from the tail vein method on 1,7, 15, and 2...
4201
1463
EFFECT OF FICUS HISPIDA IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS
Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immune-mediated chronic intestinal condition. Conventional treatment regimens utilizing corticosteroids, anti-inflammatory and other immunosuppressive therapies have major limitations owing to their associated side effects and compliance issues. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of ethanolic extract of Ficus hispida Linn. in inflammatory bowe...
3379
1422
A STUDY OF INCORPORATION OF THERAPEUTIC VALUES OF WOOD APPLE (FERONIA LIMONIA SWINGLE) IN FRUIT BAR
The wood apple (Feronia limonia), called as elephant apple, has several medicinal properties. It is antiscorbic (prevent scurvy), a disease caused by lack of vitamin C (ascorbic acid). It is an antidote for poison and also helps in curing sore throat. The objective of the study was to incorporate medicinal properties of wood apple in fruit bar, a well accepted food product. The fruit bar was prepa...
5352
1898
A STUDY OF PREGABALIN, TRAMADOL, THEIR COMBINATION AND NIGELLA SATIVA IN NEUROPATHIC PAIN IN RATS
Nigella sativa (NS) is a commonly used herb in Asian and African countries. Extensive experimental studies have been done to shed light on its hepatoprotective, immunumodulator, antioxidant, antimicrobial and several other useful pharmacological properties. However, there is dearth of evidence to evaluate the effect of Nigella sativa extract in neuropathic pain. In this study we have used neuropat...
6992
1406
DESIGN, SYNTHESIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF NOVEL 1,2,4-TRIAZOLOPHENYL QUINOLINE-2-ONE DERIVATIVES
Heterocyclic compounds containing triazole ring are important targets in synthetic and medicinal chemistry because this key moiety in responsible for numerous biological activity. An efficient method for synthesis of novel derivatives of Substituted-1,2,4-triazolo phenyl quinolone was adopted by reacting various substituted aniline and cinnamic acid. The synthesized derivatives were designed to ha...
3541
1428
CLINICAL PHARMACIST INTERVENTIONS IN DRUG THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS AND HYPERTENSION IN A UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL
Introduction: Drug related problems occur commonly in patients who often receive polypharmacy with multiple co-morbid conditions. This constitutes a major health problem because of their negative consequences with increased morbidity and mortality. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the impact of clinical pharmacist interventions in drug therapy in hospitalized diabetes mellit...
6875
1675
RENOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF OCIMUM SANCTUM IN COMPARISON WITH OLMESARTAN MEDOXOMIL AND PITAVASTATIN IN METFORMIN TREATED DIABETIC RATS
Nephropathy is an important comorbidity associated with diabetes leading to chronic kidney disease. We studied the effect of Ocimum sanctum in comparison to Olmesartanmedoxomil, Pitavastatin and their combination in prevention of this comorbidity. Male Wistar rats were given streptozotocin to induce diabetes and randomly divided into groups. Group 1 (Control group) received Metformin (94.5mg/kg/da...
3408
1336
AN EFFECTIVE CLINICAL PHARMACIST COMMUNICATION MAY BUILT PATIENT TRUST ON PHARMACIST OVER OTHER HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS: EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE
Clinical pharmacists are integral part of patient healthcare team. They tend to serve as key element in patient care provide quality of care to reduce ADR (adverse drug reactions),improve patient compliance, effective drug cost and make role of pharmacist evident in healthcare sector and society. For the purpose of evaluating patient outcome failure from treatment, a retrospective study conducte...
3582
1236
BRASSICA OLERACEA: A POTENT ANTIOXIDANT THERAPEUTIC IN HEALTH AND DISEASES
Oxidative stress contributes towards initiation and progression of hepatic damage in a variety of liver disorders (e.g. Hepatitis C, Hepatitis B, non alcoholic fatty liver disease amongst others). Hence, there is a great demand for the development of agents with potent antioxidant effect. There are various plant derived products which act as antioxidants. The aim of the present investigation is to...
3276
1220
METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A STABILITY INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD FOR ASSAY DETERMINATION OF IMATINIB IN IMATINIB MESYLATE TABLETS DOSAGE FORM
A simple, rapid and isocratic reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) stability indicating method was developed and validated for the determination of Imatinib in tablet dosage form. Imatinib drug was exposed to several stress conditions. The proposed method proved to be stability indicating by forced degradation experiments and mass balance study. The chromatographic sepa...
5851
2015
FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF DRUG IN ADHESIVE TRANSDERMAL PATCHES OF BUFLOMEDIL HYDROCHLORIDE
The purpose of this research was to develop a drug-in-adhesive type transdermal drug delivery system containing drug, buflomedil hydrochloride, pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA), Duro-Tak 387-2052 by the solvent evaporation technique. Different concentrations of penetration enhancers; oleic acid and isopropyl myristate (IPM) were used to enhance the transdermal permeation of buflomedil hydrochlori...
4729
1901
ASSESSMENT OF MEMBRANE STABILIZATION, ANTIOXIDANT AND THROMBOLYTIC POTENTIAL OF LUTEIN- AN IN-VITRO STUDY
Lutein; an orange-red colored powder, insoluble in water; is a member of the carotenoid family, a xanthophyll pigment. Lutein was evaluated for its antioxidant property when dissolved in different solvents. Solvents used in the study were chloroform, ethanol, methanol and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The antioxidant potential of lutein was evaluated by total antioxidant capacity, 2, 2’-diphenyl-1-...
3362
1222
AN IN SILICO APPROACH TO IDENTIFY NEW ANTI-HIV INTEGRASE INHIBITOR LIKE LEADS BY DOCKING STUDIES
The Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)type-1 integrase is one of the most important target of highly active anti retrovirus therapy (HAART), due toits role to incorporate genetic information into the host DNA, so its prevention to its proper function results in very fine therapeutic effect for the treatment of all acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS), extensive research work on integrase inhib...
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1299
T3 IS AS GOOD A POINTER OF CREATINE KINASE LEVELS IN EUTHYROIDS AS T4 IS IN HYPOTHYROIDS
Aim: Hypothyroidism is one of the commonest metabolic diseases which afflicts females more than males and is often associated with myopathy. Reports on relationship of muscle-markers with thyroid hormones in the (a) euthyroid population in general and (b) hypothyroid population in India are scarce. Materials and Methods: A randomized case-control study on the female population for which 60 hypothy...
3448
1086
ANTINOCICEPTIVE AND GASTRO PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF INHALED AND ORALLY ADMINISTERED THEVETIA PERUVIANA PERS. K. SCHUM. ESSENTIAL OIL
In Present study the antinociceptive and the gastroprotective effects of orally administered or inhaled Thevetia peruviana Pers. K. (Schum) (Oleander) volatile oil, and its principal constituents linalool and 1,8-cineole were evaluated in mice. Either when orally administered (100µl/kg) or inhaled for 60 min Thevetia peruviana volatile oil significantly reduced the acetic acid-writhing response i...
3183
1305
HYPERDENSE INTRACRANIAL VESSELS IN NON-CONTRAST COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY SCAN OF BRAIN-A CASE REPORT
A 20-year-old male patient reported to ophthalmology outpatient department with complaint of loss of vision in right eye since childhood and diminished vision in left eye for 1month of duration. Funduscopy revealed right side optic atrophy and left sided vitreous hemorrhage. Non-contrast computed tomography study of head showed hyperdense circle of Willis and cerebral venous sinuses. No contrast w...
3251
1225
A CASE ON KAWASAKI SYNDOME IT’S DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT
Kawasaki Syndrome (KS) can be a widespread vasculitis affecting many systems, and some of the other recognized complications are discussed, including those affecting the skin, nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, musculo-skeletal system, kidneys, lungs, eyes and haematological effects. There is no specific diagnostic test or pathognomonic clinical features; those previously mentioned clinical c...
2921
1303
ANTI-DIABETIC PROFILE OF CINNAMON POWDER EXTRACT IN EXPERIMENTAL DIABETIC ANIMALS
Objective: to investigate the anti diabetic effect of ethanolic extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum on Alloxan induced diabetes in experimental animals (Rats). Materials and Methods: the alcohol extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum was tested for its efficacy in Alloxan (150mg/kg) induced diabetic rats. The diabetic rats were divided into 5groups. Group I (control) received 2% gumacasia, group II (posi...
2867
1127
AVAILABILITY AND AFFORDABILITY OF ESSENTIAL ANTIBIOTICS FOR PEDIATRICS IN SEMI-RURAL AREAS IN TANZANIA
In this study, we assessed the availability, cost and affordability of essential antibiotics for paediatrics in a semi-rural region in Tanzania. Data were collected from 1 Medical Stores Department (MSD), 8 public hospitals, 30 Private Pharmacies and 30 Accredited Drug Dispensing Outlets (ADDO`s). The median price of tracer medicines and average stock-out days of per year were used to assess the c...
3812
1091
ANTI-OXIDANT ANDANTI-CANCER POTENTIAL OF SYMPLOCOS RACEMOSA BARK AGAINST HEP3B CELL LINE
Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate anti-oxidant and anticancer activity of methanol extract and ethyl acetate soluble fraction of methanol extract of Symplocos racemosa bark against the hepatocellular carcinoma. Materials and methods: DPPH and H2O2 free radical scavenging assay were tested for determining the anti-oxidant activity. Rat normal liver cells (BRL-3A) and human hepatocellu...
4032
1463
EVALUATING HYPOGLYCEMIC POTENTIAL OF KASNI (CICHORIUM INTYBUS) SEED PREPARATIONS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS
Objective: To evaluate hypoglycemic responses of Kasni (Cichorium intybus) seed preparations in combination with oral hypoglycemic agent in treatment of patients of newly diagnosed type2DM. Methods: Newly diagnosed 90 patients of type2DM, age 35-65years, of either sex were divided into 3 groups. Each group had 30 patients (19 male and 11 females) matched with each other in terms of age and sex. In...
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