Volume 10 (2019) - Issue 9, September
Review Articles
A QUEST FOR BETTER PROBIOTIC DELIVERY AND FRONTIERS OF PROBIOTIC APPLICATION IN MEDICAL SCIENCE: A CRITICAL REVIEW
Probiotics are live microorganisms that when introduced orally positively contribute to the activity of the intestinal microflora and the health of its host. Various studies showed that probiotics are potentially able to contribute to treatments of many diseases. They may not cure any disease, but can significantly improve the patient’s condition and also can prevent many infections. Recent stud...
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DIFFERENT APPROACHES FOR STUDYING PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTION AND ANALYSIS
Proteins interact in the cellular arena to carry out a majority of the vital functions of the cells. After exploring the transcriptome, the researchers are now targeting to investigate the interactome of a cell. This can help to design more efficient drug and vaccine formulations and therapeutic targets benefiting humankind in every possible way. Advancement in protein and protein networking datab...
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FLOATING ORAL IN-SITU GEL, A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH OF GASTRO-RETENTIVE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM: A REVIEW
Conventional oral dosage forms posses low bioavailability problems due to their rapid gastric transition from the stomach. Especially some drug which is less soluble in alkaline pH and producing local action in the stomach gets rapidly emptied and do not get enough residence time in the stomach. As a result, there is a requirement of increased frequency of dose. To overcome such type of problems v...
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A REVIEW ON CLINICAL EFFICACY OF TRADITIONAL PLANTS ON OSTEOARTHRITIS
Osteoarthritis is accepted as the most growing, frequent, debilitating and heterogeneous condition that worsens the quality of life globally in the elderly, affecting an estimated 10% of men and 18% of women over 60 years of age with a rise in both prevalence and incidence. At present, there is no definite cure for osteoarthritis and no effective treatments which arrest or slow its progression; ho...
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A REVIEW ON GENOTOXICITY, ITS MOLECULAR MECHANISMS, REGULATORY TESTING IN DRUG DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
Genotoxicity has fully-grown into a serious question for the cause of several cancers. In this article, we discuss the basics of genotoxicity, the chemicals which cause these genetic damages and also their mechanism of action. The discovery of new drug needs a thorough investigation for its safety and efficacy before their release into the market so, the drug development process and drug attrition...
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GLIFLOZIN A NEW CLASS FOR TYPE-II DIABETES MELLITUS: AN OVERVIEW
Gliflozin drugs is the sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor is the newly developed class of oral hypoglycaemic agents used for the treatment of the type-II diabetes mellitus. This class approved by food and drug administration in 2013 for the treatment of diabetes, with a unique mechanism of action. SLGT-2 proteins are macromolecule reabsorb the filtered glucose molecule from (PCT) in the kid...
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A REVIEW ON FUNCTIONALITY ASSESSMENT OF MULTIFUNCTIONAL EXCIPIENTS
Multifunctional excipients are class of excipients that includes pre-processed and co-processed excipients that provide added functionalities to the formulation. Functionality is a desirable property of the material that aids manufacturing and improves the quality and performance of the material. This review article reveals with the functionality evaluation of excipients that include surrogate fun...
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A REVIEW ON SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES; FOCUS ON EXCIPIENTS AND FORMULATION TECHNIQUES
Nanotechnology has brought about a significant change in the drug delivery system. A plethora of BCS class II drugs are formulated as solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) due to its poor solubility and bioavailability and has potential applications in drug delivery system. The formulation of SLN involves use of a different type of surfactants and lipids in different concentrations which has shown a gre...
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QUALITY BY DESIGN: CHANGING OUTLOOK OF PHARMACEUTICAL DEVELOPMENT
The concept of quality by design (QbD) justifies the saying that, quality is not an act, it is a habit. This innovative and systematic approach to pharmaceutical development based on scientific principles has been a breakthrough in developing quality products with a high level of reproducibility. The process of QbD is based on risk management which leads to a better understanding of the product an...
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DISINFECTANTS, REGULATION AND REQUIREMENTS – GLOBAL OVERVIEW
Surface disinfectant is the multi-billion-dollar global industry with continuous growth opportunities linked to advancements in technology and innovations. However, innovations and new advancements do not always reach consumers due to the lack of clarity related to the approval process of such innovations and stringent regulations by national health authorities. These regulations can pose challeng...
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CADMIUM BIOREMEDIATION: A REVIEW
The Increase in industrialization has raised the levels of heavy metal pollution in the country. Heavy metals are entering through the water supply, which is ultimately reaching into streams, lakes, rivers, and groundwater. So, ultimately, these heavy metals are causing environmental pollution, which is becoming a threat to humans as well as animals as the heavy metal pollution is linked with vari...
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A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF ALBIZIA PROCERA (ROXB.) BENTH.-AN UPDATE
Albizia procera is a genus of albizia, the member of legume family (fabaceae) and subfamily Mimosoideae. Albizia procera is tree with open canopy, occurs naturally in a wide distribution from India and Myanmar through South-East Asia to Papua New Guinea and Northern Australia. On basis of our study, Albizia procera has the high economic potential to be applied in pharmaceuticals, pharmacognosy, tr...
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UNCOMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF COMMONLY USED ANTI-DIABETICS: TIME TO MONITOR THEM
Diabetes, a chronic endocrine metabolic disorder, is managed using several anti-diabetic medications. Being a chronic disease requiring lifelong medications, the long-term safety profile and patient acceptance are crucial to achieving therapeutic success. The available medications are known to have common side effects such as hypoglycemia, weight gain, and gastrointestinal adverse effects. Uncommo...
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Research Articles
TREATMENT EFFECT OF ALCUREMON PREPARATION ON ETHANOL-INDUCED NEUROTRANSMITTERS IMBALANCE AND ALCOHOLIC LIVER DISEASE IN RATS
Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) recognized as substantial public health problem. It is grown-up many risk factors influence on alcoholism including social, behavior, an environment, and heredity conditions on the global. Alcuremon preparation was based on medicinal herbs and used for the treatment of alcohol-related disease and alcoholic liver disease in traditional Mongolian medicine. Male Wistar ra...
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CONTRIBUTION TO THE QUALITY CONTROL AND IN-VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF LEAVES OF PETROSELINUM CRISPUM AND CORIANDRUM SATIVUM CULTIVATED IN SAUDI ARABIA
The leaves of Coriandrum sativum commonly known as Cilantro and Petroselinum crispum commonly known as Parsley, family Apiaceae, have several health benefit effects. Most of the people, confused while buying these leaves. In the present study, comparative morphological, microscopic, fluorescence, TLC, and phytochemical parameters, comparative assessment of phenolic and flavonoid contents and in-vi...
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ACUTE, SUB-ACUTE AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF ARTHROPHYTUM SCOPARIUM AERIAL PARTS
This study aims to evaluate the in-vitro and in-vivo antioxidant activity of different extracts prepared from the aerial parts of Arthrophytum scoparium. Polyphenols flavonoids and tannins contents were determined. The acute toxicity of ASE was carried out based on OECD during two weeks to ascertain the LD50. In sub-acute toxicity, a 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg/day extract was orally administrated for ...
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THE APPLICATION OF ULTRASOUND IRRADIATION AS AN ALTERNATIVE METHOD FOR THE PREPARATION OF 99mTc-OCTREOTIDE RADIO COMPLEX
This approach was launched to evaluate the application of ultrasound waves for the preparation of 99mTc-Octreotide radio conjugate sample. The 740MBq (20 mCi) of 99mTc-Octreotide samples were prepared by the boiling water bath (standard) or ultrasound irradiation methods. The stability of samples in normal saline and human serum albumin was investigated. The partition coefficient and protein bondi...
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MOLECULAR DOCKING STUDIES OF ORGANOSULFUR COMPOUNDS AND FLAVONOIDS OF ALLIUM SATIVUM AGAINST EGFR TO TREAT NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER
Lung cancer is one of predominant cancer which leads to death in the developed and developing countries. 80% of lung cancer cases in India are reported as Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor) that belongs to the tyrosine kinase family (RTKs) is the key paradigm of molecular targeted therapy of lung cancer. Garlic (Allium sativum) is a common Indian spice that...
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DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MICROPARTICLES OF SUMATRIPTAN SUCCINATE CARRIER SYSTEM VIA NASAL ROUTE
Sumatriptan succinate is the 5H1 receptor agonist and used in the treatment of migraine, cluster headache. The main objective is to develop ideal anti-migraine nasal mucoadhesive microparticles as local and systemic drug delivery system. An attempt was made to formulate the nasal mucoadhesive microparticle of Sumatriptan succinate with excipients like mucoadhesive polymers i.e., HPMC, ethyl cellul...
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MOLECULAR DOCKING STUDIES OF A FEW NOVEL PYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVES AS REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE HIV-1 INHIBITORS
Anti-HIV drug discovery has been increasingly focusing on HIV-1- reverse transcriptase as a potential therapeutic target. Pyrimidine-based derivatives are studied for their HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibition activities using in-silico techniques. The library of 19 pyrimidine-based derivatives designed using computer-based molecule designed software and docked with HIV-1 reverse transcriptase e...
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IMPLEMENTATION OF FRACTION OF DESIGN SPACE TO ASSESS PREDICTION CAPABILITY OF RESPONSE SURFACE DESIGN TO OPTIMIZE MODIFIED RELEASE TABLETS OF HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE
Selecting the best possible design is an uphill task considering a lot of criteria which must be scrutinized while choosing any design out of many alternative design options available. The experimental design is often compared and selected based on alphabetical design optimality criteria, like A, D, G or V. Each of them attempts to summarize any one important characteristic of the selected design....
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SIMPLE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHODS FOR ESTIMATION OF DRUGS AND PHARMACEUTICALS USING NBS-METHYL ORANGE DYE COUPLE
Simple, sensitive, cost-effective and selective methods are designed and developed for the oxidative indirect spectrophotometric determination of drugs and pharmaceuticals, viz., Argatrobane Monohydrate (ARG), Bortezomib (BOR), Chloroquine Phospate (CHP), Granisetron HCl (GRA), Ibandronate Sodium (IBA) based on their reactivity towards n-bromo succinamide (NBS in excess). The method is based on th...
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SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL 2-PHENYL-1-BENZOFURAN-3(2H)-ONE DERIVATIVES AS NEW LEADS FOR ANTI-CANCER ACTIVITY
Benzofuranone is a bicyclic ring where a benzene ring fused with a furanone. Synthetic chemistry plays a major in developing a series of potent anti-cancer agents. Bromophenyl acetonitrile was prepared from phenyl acetonitrile by bromination at an alpha position which yielded bromophenyl acetonitrile which was a lachrymator compound. Benzofuranone was synthesized by reacting benzene diols and trio...
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PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF VARIOUS FRUIT PODS AGAINST HUMAN PATHOGENS
Traditional plant-based remedies continue to be an important therapeutic aid for treating many infections. In the current study, an attempt was made to know the antibacterial activity of different pod extracts of plants like Albizzia lebbeck, Cesalpina pulcherima, Leucenea leucocephala, & Tecoma stans against six different human pathogens E. coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa...
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PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND IN-VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF KNEMA ATTENUATA (HOOK. F. & THOMSON) WARB STEM BARK EXTRACT
The plant Knema attenuata or Myristica attenuata (Myristicaceae) is an endemic tree species found in the Western Ghats. Traditionally, the stem bark of K. attenuata is used in folk medicine without any scientific information available for the same. Phytochemical screening was carried out for ethanolic stem bark extract of K. attenuata to investigate the antioxidant potential of the extract. The an...
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ALLELOPATHIC POTENTIAL OF LEAF LEACHATES OF CHROMOLAENA AND LANTANA ON MUNG BEAN (VIGNA RADIATA L. CV. K-851) SEEDS
Chromolaena and Lantana plants were analyzed to evaluate the existence of allelopathic effect using fully viable seeds of mung bean as the bioassay material. The study shows that pretreatment of mung bean seeds with various concentrations [1:1 and 1:2 (w/v)] of Chromolaena and Lantana leaf leachate for 24 h interval reduced the percentage germination. DNA and RNA contents were significantly reduce...
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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND NUTRIENT INTAKE WITH ANEMIA INCIDENCE IN ADOLESCENT GIRLS IN KUPANG INDONESIA
The study aimed to determine the relationship between nutritional status and nutrient intake and the incidence of anemia in adolescent girls in Kupang. It was an observational research with a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted at Kupang State Agricultural Polytechnic (KSAP) from December 2017 to January 2018. The research subjects were adolescent girls aged 16-19 years; withdrawal met...
2023
841
ANTI-PARKINSON’S ACTIVITY OF SORAFENIB IN 6-OHDA INDUCED RAT MODEL
Objective: Studies have shown that sorafenib an anti-cancer agent has a neuroprotective effect. This study evaluated the neuroprotective activity of sorafenib in 6-OHDA induced rat model of Parkinson’s disease. Methods: 6-OHDA was injected into the forebrain bundle through the stereotaxic apparatus to induce fast and severe degeneration in dopaminergic neurons of substantianigra. The animals wer...
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PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF DRYMARIA CORDATA (L.) WILLD. EX SCHULT. (WHOLE PLANT) USED BY TEA TRIBES OF ERSTWHILE NAGAON DISTRICT OF ASSAM, INDIA
Ethno-medicinal plants have a significant role in the field of natural product research and drug discovery since ancient times. Drymaria cordata (L.) Willd. Ex Schult. belongs to the family Caryophyllaceae is an ethnomedicinal plant used as a home remedy in jaundice by the tea tribes of erstwhile Nagaon district of Assam. The present study deals with the evaluation of the phytoconstituents of Drym...
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REALISTIC DEFORMATION AND REMOVAL OF SOFT TISSUES MODELING FOR THE SIMULATION OF VIRTUAL SURGERY
Most of the simulation methods for soft tissue modeling involve tetrahedral meshes which is quite complex and takes much computation time. Instead, this work attempts to make use of delaunay triangulated mesh that consists of unique mathematical properties suited for simulating soft tissues. Although, triangulated mesh is not so complex yet effective in producing elements of good quality. It even ...
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STABILITY INDICATING GREEN ANALYTICAL GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF DIPHENHYDRAMINE IN PURE AND MARKETED FORMULATIONS
The current work defines development of a simple, rapid and precise method based on gas chromatography coupled with Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) for the quantitative estimation of diphenhydramine (DPH) present in the marketed formulations following the principles of green analytical chemistry. The analysis was performed using Zebron Phase: ZB-DRUG-1 column with Nitrogen as a carrier gas havi...
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INDIRECT ORGANOGENESIS OF CLEOME GYNANDRA L. USING LEAF EXPLANTS – AN IMPORTANT MEDICINAL PLANT
The present study was developed a suitable protocol for callus induction and plant regeneration of Cleome gynandra L. from leaf explants. Callus was initiated from leaf explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentration and combinations of plant growth regulators. They are using (5-25 µM) of BAP (6-benzyladenine), KN (kinetin), and TDZ (thidiazuron) cytokinins a...
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COMPARATIVE PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF METHYLERYTHRITOL-4-PHOSPHATE (MEP) PATHWAY GENES IN ASTERAECAE FAMILY
Stevioside glycosides (SGs) are a class of diterpene glycosides being produced by leaves of Stevia rebaudiana. Stevia is getting agricultural importance due to the production of natural sweetener steviol glycosides, also called as zero-calorie sweeteners. Earlier it was thought that steviol was synthesized from Kaurene via MVA pathway but later on it was concluded that precursors of steviol are ac...
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SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF 2-(PYRIDIN-2-YL)GUANIDINE DERIVATIVES AND THEIR METAL COMPLEXES AS POTENTIAL ANTIBACTERIAL AGENTS USING PHOSPHORYL CHLORIDE
Guanidines were prepared by the condensation reaction of primary amine (-NH2) with urea derivatives (R2NCONR2) in the presence of POCl3. In this research guanidine-pyridine, hybrid derivatives were synthesized by substituted urea derivatives namely 1,1,3,3-tetramethylurea and N, N′-dimethylurea with 2-aminopyridine. The metal complexes were obtained by reaction of metal(II) chloride with guani...
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IN-SILICO MOLECULAR DOCKING ANALYSIS OF ISOLATED HOMOISOFLAVANONES FROM BULBS OF LEDABOURIA REVOLUTA AS GABAA RECEPTOR INHIBITORS
γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate central nervous system (CNS); it activates the GABAA receptors that play a role in epilepsy. Targeting GABAA receptors through specific enhancement of neuronal inhibition involving GABA can be a better mechanism for identification of novel antiepileptic drugs. In this report, screening of novel isolated homoisof...
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EVALUATION OF ANTIDIABETIC EFFICACY OF BROWN ALGA SPATOGLOSSUM ASPERUM J. AGARDH BY ALLOXAN STIMULATED HYPERGLYCEMIA ON WISTAR ALBINO RATS
The present investigation aims to evaluate the effect of methanol extract of Spatoglossum asperum for its anti-hyperglycemic activity against diabetics induced by alloxan in Wistar albino rats. Artificially diabetes was induced in albino rats by the administration through injection of a single dose of alloxan monohydrate (10 mg/kg, I.P). The 10 mg/kg methanol residue of S. asperum was administered...
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LC-MS ANALYSIS OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE EXTRACTS FROM POLYHERBAL FORMULATION TO TREAT PSORIASIS
The present study deals with the identification of the phytochemical compounds in ethanol, acetone and benzene extracts from polyherbal formulation composed of the bark of Ficus religiosa, the root of Smilax chinensis, seeds of Nigella sativa, the fruit of Emblica officinalis, Terminalia chebula and Terminalia bellerica which is used to treat psoriasis. The bioactive components of different extrac...
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DEVELOPMENT, CHARACTERIZATION AND IN-VITRO ANTIFUNGAL EVALUATION OF PLANTEROSOMAL GEL OF GANODERMA LUCIDUM
Planterosomal gel exhibit better pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile than the conventional herbal extracts. The objective of the present research work was to develop, characterize and evaluate the in-vitro antifungal activity of planterosomal gel in comparison to pure plant extract. Planterosomal gel of Ganoderma lucidum was prepared by incorporating gelling agent in planterosomal suspensi...
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METHOD DEVELOPMENT, VALIDATION AND STABILITY INDICATING ASSAY ON GLIMEPIRIDE IN TABLET DOSAGE FORM BY RP-UFLC
The study aimed to develop a specific, exact, selective, precise and accurate Reversed-Phase Stability Indicating Ultra-fast Liquid Chromatography (RP-UFLC) strategy is created and validated for the determination of glimepiride in the tablet dosage form. The method showed an adequate separation for glimepiride from their degradation products. The optimum separation was achieved by using 250 mm × ...
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CORRELATION OF ANKLE/BRACHIAL INDEX AND DIABETIC RETINOPATHY IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS’
Background: This study aims to correlate the ankle/brachial index (ABI) with the severity of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients. Material and Methods: A hospital-based prospective study of 100 types 2 diabetic patients aged 40 to 80 years were recruited from the outpatient department. Ankle/brachial index scores and the presence and stage of diabetic retinopathy were assessed and ana...
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A SIMPLE AND ECONOMICAL PROCEDURE FOR SYNTHESIS OF AMANTADINE HYDROCHLORIDE
Amantadine hydrochloride (1), a well-known antiviral drug, has been used to treat certain type-A influenza infections and been also medicated as an anti-dyskinetic agent for Parkinson’s disease. In this paper, we report a simple and economical procedure for synthesis of amantadine hydrochloride (1) from 1-bromoadamantane (3) and urea in a one-step procedure with high yield (81%) and advantage. T...
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PREVALENCE OF COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN METABOLIC SYNDROME PATIENTS IN URBAN INDIA
Background: The association between metabolic syndrome and cognitive impairment is not well established. The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of cognitive impairment in adults with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods: Cross-sectional observational study conducted in patients with metabolic syndrome (n=185). All patients were subjected to written informed consent, anthropometr...
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FACTORIAL DESIGN BASED OPTIMIZATION AND IN-VITRO – EX-VIVO EVALUATION OF CLOBETASOL LOADED NANO STRUCTURED LIPID CARRIERS
The aim of the present work was to develop and evaluate the potential of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) loaded with Clobetasol-17-propionate (CP) as a new approach for the topical treatment of psoriasis. CP-loaded NLCs were prepared by melt emulsification and ultra-sonication method and optimized using 33 full factorial designs (Design-Expert software 11.0), by using solid lipid (compritol A...
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IMPROVEMENT IN PAIN RELIEF USING A DMSO BASED DICLOFENAC IN COMPARISON TO CONVENTIONAL DICLOFENAC GELS IN OSTEOARTHRITIS –A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Background: Topical NSAIDs are the first line choice of drug for management Osteoarthritis elderly patients, which produce less systemic exposure compared with oral NSAIDs. Now a day’s several topical formulations are available. This study provides a comparison between two various topical diclofenac formulations. Methods: 12 weeks, randomized controlled trial to evaluate dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO...
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BIOSYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GOLD NANOPARTICLE FROM COCCINIA GRANDIS AND ITS CATALYTIC ACTIVITY
The fabrication of spherical gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using the reducing agent and stabilizing agent Coccinia grandis is reported here. Irradiation of the reaction mixture under a domestic microwave oven enabled the formation of gold nanoparticles. The successful formations of AuNPs were characterized by UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray pow...
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SYNTHESIS AND ANTIBACTERIAL SCREENING OF FIVE NEW AZOMETHINE DERIVATIVES OF 2-AMINO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANOL
In this present investigation author reporting the anti-bacterial activity of five new azo methines, namely 2-((1-hydroxy-2- methyl propan-2-ylimino) methyl)-6-methoxyphenol (AZM1), 4-((1-hydroxy-2- methyl propan-2-ylimino) methyl)-6-methoxyphenol(AZM2), 4-((1-hydroxy-2-methyl propan-2-ylimino) methyl)-2,6,dimethxy phenol (AZM3), 2- (3, 4- dimethoxybenzylideneamino)- 2- methylpropan-1-ol (AZM4) an...
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FTMS-ESI CHARACTERISATION OF ETHER EXTRACT OF AZADIRACHTA INDICA LINN. OBTAINED FROM ANANTHAPURAM ANDHRA PRADESH INDIA
Neem (Azadirachta indica) is a member of the Meliaceae family and its role as the health-promoting effect is attributed because it is a rich source of potent biochemicals. It has been widely used in Chinese, Ayurvedic, and Unani medicines worldwide especially in Indian Subcontinent in the treatment and prevention of various diseases. In this present study’s author being investigated and identifi...
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