Volume 12 (2021) - Issue 4, April
Review Articles
OVERVIEW OF FAVIPIRAVIR AND REMDESIVIR TREATMENT FOR COVID-19
The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in the wholesale market in Wuhan, China in the last months of 2019 and spread to almost all countries of the world. Although several vaccines have already been developed in different countries of the world, there is currently no specific treatment for COVID-19. So...
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CLINICAL FEATURES, TREATMENT APPROACHES AND PROMISING CONTRIBUTIONS OF NANOMEDICINES TOWARDS COVID-19
The World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID -19 a pandemic on March 11 2020. As of today, there have been 122 million COVID -19-update cases worldwide, and the counting goes on. Unfortunately, strategic measures such as total lockdown, social and self-isolation, and gradual lifting of some of these restrictions both pose economic, social, and psychological distress and are thought to hav...
1981
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PRECLINICAL EXPERIMENTAL SCREENING MODELS FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF ANTI-CANCER DRUGS
Cancer, according to WHO, is a generic terminology for a group of diseases that are characterized by abnormal growth of cells. This uncontrolled, abnormal growth is beyond the natural boundaries of normal cell growth, which can then metastasize to adjoining or distant sites of the body and/or to the organs. Cancer is the second most leading cause of mortality and has resulted in 9.8 million deaths...
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NANOEMULSION: A SNAPSHOT ON DEVELOPMENT, CHARACTERIZATION, APPLICATIONS, PATENTS AND CLINICAL TRIALS
Nanoemulsionis a special case of emulsion. It is nano-sized emulsion used as a carrier. It has the ability to deliver the drug to the target site. It is a good vehicle for the controlled delivery of the drug. It is prepared by the high energy and low energy emulsification method. Emulsifier plays an important role in stabilizing the nanoemulsion. It is anisotropic and thermo-dynamically stable sys...
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BIOAVAILABILITY AND BIOEQUIVALENCE OF BIOSIMILARS
Biosimilars are the most promising medicines for treating complex diseases. The first biosimilar was approved in India in 2000, and since then, there is no looking back. CDSCO in collaboration with DBT has developed new guidelines in 2012, which were revised in 2016 for pre and post-marketing approval of biosimilars in India. India is one of the leading manufacturers of biosimilars catering to dom...
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MEDICINALLY IMPORTANT COLEUS SPECIES, COLEUS MALABARICUS BENTH. AND MANY OTHERS OF FAMILY LAMIACEAE FROM THE WESTERN GHATS, INDIA – A REVIEW
India is renowned for its rich biodiversity and the Western Ghats, because of its varied topography and ecological conditions support a very rich flora including medicinally valuable aromatic and non-aromatic plant species. The Western Ghats are additionally documented for diversity within the ethnic communities; they have been utilizing the plant wealth for medicinal purposes and have proven succ...
1907
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SCOPE FOR HARMONISATION OF HERBAL MEDICINE REGULATIONS
Herbal Medicinal Products are gaining acceptance among people across the world due to rising awareness of lifestyle diseases and improper food habits. During the latter part of the twentieth century, increasing interest in self-care resulted in enormous growth in the popularity of traditional healing modalities, including the use of Herbal remedies. Side effects caused by the use of modern medicin...
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ASYSTASIA GANGETICA: A BIBLIOMETRIC ASSESSMENT OF GLOBAL PUBLICATIONS OUTPUT DURING 1960-2020
There has been an exponential growth in plant-based products during the last few decades for the treatment of various ailments. According to literature, about 25% of prescribed drugs are of plant origin globally. One such important plant is Asystasia gangetica, also known as ‘Chinese violet’ or ‘Ganges primrose’ is an ornamental, scattering, groundcover herb. The plant is about 0.30 to 0.6...
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LYMPHATIC TARGETING SYSTEM USING NANO-FORMULATION: CHALLENGES AND APPROACHES
The lymphatic system is the subpart of the systemic circulation for maintaining immune function; this system is mainly known as a drainage system to removes foreign bodies. This system consists of various lymphoid organs and tissues. The lymphatic system based on physiological function as absorption and micro-particulate uptake by these routes the bioavailability and efficacy were enhanced and und...
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COLON DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM, ADVANCE DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION: A REVIEW
Colon targeted drug delivery system is a significant part of the pharmaceutical dosage form. Because the colon targeted formulation system only responds to the colon-specific physiological conditions, a triggering mechanism is required. Site of colon provides local and systemic drug delivery. Inflammatory bowel disease can be treated by localized delivery of drugs. The systemic side effect can be ...
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Research Articles
IN-VITRO MUTAGENIC, GENOTOXIC AND ANEUGENIC POTENTIAL OF OMEPRAZOLE
The aim of this investigation was to re-evaluate the in-vitro mutagenic, genotoxic, and aneugenic potential of omeprazole through the Ames test, comet (SCGE), and cytokinesis-block micronucleus assays (CBMN), as previous reports on the mutagenic and genotoxic effects of omeprazole are scarce and inconclusive. The results of this study indicated a negative mutagenic effect through the Ames test. Co...
1960
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FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF GASTRORETENTIVE METRONIDAZOLE TABLETS USING BRACHYSTEGIA EURYCOMA GUM
This study was conducted to evaluate gastroretentive metronidazole tablets formulated using Brachystegia eurycoma gum as a matrix. The gum was isolated from powdered dried Brachystegia eurycoma seeds. Gastroretentive metronidazole tablets were produced by direct compression technique using Brachystegia eurycoma gum, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, or their combination as the matrix. Sodium bicarbon...
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EVALUATION OF PLASMA GLUCOSE AND SERUM LIPID PROFILE LEVELS AMONG STUDENTS IN NNEWI CONSUMING GLYCINE MAX (SOYA BEAN)
Medicinal plants are becoming globally recognized because of their acclaimed therapeutic potentials. This study evaluated the plasma glucose and serum lipid profile levels among university students consuming Glycine max (Soya bean) in Nnewi, Nigeria. A total of thirty (30) apparently healthy male subjects aged between 18 and 30 years were randomly recruited from medical students to serve as both t...
1538
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PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF NON-IONIC SURFACTANT VESICLE USING STATISTICAL OPTIMIZATION: OLMESARTAN USED AS MODEL DRUG
The purpose of the present work was to prepare and evaluate olmesartan-loaded non-ionic surfactant vesicles (niosomes) to get sustained release by increasing the solubility and bioavailability. Ether injection and thin-film hydration methods were used for the preparation of all formulations as per the factorial design to study the effect of the three independent variables X1 (amounts of span 60), ...
1379
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EVALUATION OF THE SERUM LEVELS OF SOME TRACE ELEMENTS AND ANTIOXIDANT LEVELS IN APPARENTLY HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS WITH FAMILY HISTORY OF TYPE 2 DIABETES IN NNEWI, NIGERIA
There is a paucity of data on studies evaluating trace elements and antioxidant levels and susceptibility of offspring of diabetic parents to type 2 diabetes in Nigerian population. This study evaluated the serum level of some trace elements and antioxidants among apparently healthy individuals with a family history of type2 diabetes mellitus (FH-T2DM). This was a cross-sectional study involving 1...
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GENOMIC STRUCTURAL IDENTIFICATION AND IMMUNOINFORMATICS STUDIES FOR SARS‐COV‐2
Coronaviruses are a group of viruses that belongs to the Coronaviridae family. These viruses have helical symmetry, enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genome with nucleocapsid that causes diseases in birds and mammals. SARS-CoV 2 complete genome has genome size of 29,903 bp, having nine genes identified as Orf1a Polyprotein, Orf1ab Polyprotein, ORF3a Protein, ORF7a Protein, ORF8 Protei...
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SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF 6 – HYDROXY – 3, 4 -DIHYDROQUINOLINONE CILOSTAZOL IMPURITY-A AS PER INDIAN PHARMACOPOEIA
Impurity profile study is critical for getting market approval of finished dosage forms from regulatory authorities. There are many manufacturing firms (small and medium scale) in India that they cannot afford the high priced USP reference standards for analysis. So, the availability of cheaper affordable IP reference standards will help them adhere to quality guidelines for active pharmaceutical ...
1710
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FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CLOZAPINE ADHESIVE PATCHES USING VARIOUS PRESSURE SENSITIVE ADHESIVES AND PERMEATION ENHANCERS
The present research work was intended to develop and characterize the transdermal adhesive patch of clozapine using different types of acrylate, polyisobutylene and silicon adhesives. Various permeation enhancers such as 1, 8 – cineole, D-limonene, Azone, IPM and Oleic acid were also evaluated to achieve desired permeation rate and hence to attain the improved bioavailability as compared to ora...
1140
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ANALYSIS OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN JIMSON WEED LEAFS
Jimson weed (Datura stramonium) members of the Solanaceae plant family; serve as major folklore medicinal herbs. The biologically active compounds spectrum in leaves of Datura stramonium L. was investigated by GC-MS with NMR & FTIR analysis. Steroids, terpenoids, anticholinergic alkaloids, atropine, and scopolamine, are detected. Twenty of them are new constitutions for the species, and eight ...
1385
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ANTIDIABETIC EFFECT OF MIXTURE OF CYATHEA NILGIRIENSIS (HOLTTUM) AND PTEROCARPUS MARSUPIUM ROXB. IN STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED DIABETIC RAT MODEL
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of the endocrine system and becoming a serious threat to mankind's health in all parts of the world. Herbal remedies are considered convenient for management of diabetes due to their traditional acceptability, availability, and less side effects than oral hypoglycaemic agents. Thus, the present study aims to test the toxic and antidiabetic effect of a trad...
1094
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DEVELOPMENT, OPTIMIZATION AND IN-VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF GLICLAZIDE NANOSPONGE TABLETS FOR ORAL ADMINISTRATION
Poor bioavailability by the oral route is noticeable with the majority of new active pharmaceutical ingredients due to its dissolution rate-limited absorption. Gliclazide is an oral anti-hyperglycemic drug, though it is a class II drug, results in poor oral bioavailability. The present investigation was undertaken to prepare polymeric nanosponges of an oral anti-hyperglycemic drug Gliclazide to ac...
1459
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GC-MS ANALYSIS AND IN-VITRO CYTOTOXICITY STUDY OF DENDROPHTHOE FALCATA AND TRIDAX PROCUMBENS EXTRACTS AGAINST HACAT CELLS LINE
The present study shows the cytotoxic effect of Dendrophthoe falcata (L. f) and Tridax procumbens Linn. extracts against HaCat (Skin cancer) cell line by MTT and SRB assay method. The phytochemical screening of extracts dichloromethane: methanol (DM), methanol: water (MW), and ethanol: water (EW) revealed the presence of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, stero...
1349
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DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF SAXAGLIPTIN AND DAPAGLIFLOZIN IN BULK AND DOSAGE FORM
Objective: In the present work, A Simple, rapid, sensitive, precise, and reproducible, specific UV spectrophotometric method for the determination of Saxagliptin (SAXA) and Dapagliflozin (DAPI) in bulk drug and pharmaceutical dosage form were developed and validated. Methods: A simple double beam UV spectrophotometric method has been developed and validated with different parameters such as linear...
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STRUCTURE BASED VIRTUAL SCREENING IN SEARCH OF POTENTIAL INHIBITORS AGAINST HGPRT AS TARGET FOR PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM
Malaria is a parasitic infectious disease transmitted through the bite of female Anopheles mosquitos. Every year, approximately 210 million Peoples are suffering from this dangerous disease, and around 440,000 individuals pass from this infectious disease. Recently, the Indonesia Ministry of Health declared that the malaria pre-elimination stage should be reached by 2020 and be free of malaria tra...
1218
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FABRICATION, OPTIMIZATION AND EVALUATION OF CHRONOTROPIC DRUG DELI-VERY SYSTEM OF CAPTOPRIL
The present investigation was based on the development and evaluation of chronotropic capsules for hypertension treatment. Captopril has ACE inhibitor action to prevent the circadian rhythm related to hypertension. The solubility of captopril in the GI tract was pH-dependent i.e., captopril soluble only at 1.2 pH, show better stability, and absorbed in the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract....
1222
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IN-VITRO SEED GERMINATION AND EFFECT OF TDZ AND AgNO3 ON HIGH FRE-QUENCY SHOOT REGENERATION FROM RUELLIA TUBEROSA L., USING COTYLE-DANARY NODE EXPLANTS
Ruellia tuberosa, commonly called Minnie root, has plenty of applications in herbal medicine due to the presence of several bioactive compounds. A simple, efficient, and reproducible in-vitro plant regeneration protocol was developed for Ruellia tuberosa. The cotyledonary nodal explants were excised from seedlings were inoculated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with various concent...
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IN-SILICO ANALYSIS OF POTENTIAL ANTIMYCOBACTERIAL COMPOUNDS PRESENT IN CYNODON DACTYLON
Tuberculosis is one of the major contagious diseases and a leading cause of death in humans. Current treatment methods suffer from a multitude of problems like long duration of treatment, lack of patient compliance, presence of drug-resistant bacteria, etc. To combat the disease effectively, there is an urgent need for the development of new drugs effective against both drug-sensitive and drug-res...
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EFFECT OF INCENSE SMOKE ON THE BEAS-2B AND EB-3 CELLS
Usage of incense smoke has aesthetic importance. But, studies have shown that incense smoke has oxides of carbon, nitrogen, sulphur, which has ill effects on human health. Polyphenol analysis showed the presence of phenol-like compounds in the water extracts of the incense. This study was conducted to understand the impact of exposure of cells to these types of smokes by performing viability test ...
1525
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IMPROVED BIOAVAILABILITY OF LINAGLIPTIN BY RESVERATROL IN RATS- INVOLVEMENT OF PERMEABILITY GLYCOPROTEIN (P-gp) INHIBITION
The maintenance of an appropriate serum concentration of a drug is important to ensure therapeutic efficacy. Functional alterations of drug transporters may influence the serum concentration of drugs through changes in its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK/PD). In this study, we have focused on the influence of functional alterations in the intestinal P-glycoprotein (P-gp) on the PK of lin...
1180
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SYNTHESIS AND 2D-QSAR STUDY OF SOME NOVEL SUBSTITUTED BENZIMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES AS ANTITUBERCULAR AGENTS
In the present work, a series of some novel substituted benzimidazole derivatives were efficiently synthesized, and a thin layer chromatography study confirmed the completion of the reaction on silica gel-G plates. The characterization was done through recording spectra of FTIR using Jasco FTIR-460 plus spectrophotometer, recording spectra of 1HNMR with the help of spectrometer, specifically BRUKE...
1132
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LC-MS METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR THE LOW-LEVEL DETERMINATION OF GENOTOXIC IMPURITY, ETHYL P-TOLUENE SULFONATE IN PERIN-DOPRIL TERT-BUTYLAMINE
Objective: Ethyl para toluene sulfonate is a genotoxic impurity and the current work’s primary objective is to develop a hyphenated and highly sensitive LC-MS method for the determination (EPTS) in Perindopril tert-butylamine. Method: EPTS was determined by LC-MS method in selective ion monitoring mode (SIM) using Atlantis T3 (150×4.6mm) 3.0 µm column. 0.01M ammonium acetate is utilized as buf...
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HPTLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR THE IN-VITRO INTERACTION STUDY OF MEBENDAZOLE WITH ATORVASTATIN
By the HPTLC method, a mobile phase system comprising of Ethyl acetate: Toluene: Methanol (5:4:1v/v/v) was selected, and the detection was carried out at 280 nm. The Rf values were found to be 0.65 ± 0.03 and 0.27 ± 0.03 for Mebendazole and Atorvastatin, respectively, which showed a good separation. The method was validated as per ICH guidelines. The percentage RSD values of repeatability, intra...
1089
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AMELIORATIVE ROLE OF SELENIUM AND ZINC AGAINST REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY DUE TO EXPOSURE TO A MIXTURE OF HEAVY METALS LEAD, CADMIUM AND ARSENIC IN MALE ALBINO RATS
Introduction: Reproductive organs are the major target of heavy metal toxicity; oxidative stress plays a vital role in induction of such toxicity. Toxicity due to chronic exposure to a low dose mixture of three heavy metal lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) and ameliorative potentials of two antioxidant micronutrients selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) were evaluated in male albino rats. Materials ...
1381
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IN-VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF SALIX ALBA L. ALONG WITH SIMULTANEOUS HPTLC ANALYSIS OF SALICIN AND FERULIC ACID
Now a day’s interest towards natural and has been growing due to the unhealthy consequences of chemicals in the health industry; though, herbal substances possess several quality control and confirm pharmacological action issues. This present study was designed to determine the effects of Salix alba L. methanolic extract (MESAL) for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity in rat models. F...
1165
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PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ASSAY OF ECLIPTA ALBA (L.) LEAF EXTRACT
Currently, pharmacological activities of Eclipta alba (L.) plant extracts and individual phytoconstituents have revealed anticancer, hepatoprotective, snake venom neutralizing, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. The role of antioxidants is increasing day by day due to their multiple roles to reduce the harmful effects of oxidative stress. Phytoconstituents like wedelolactone and ursol...
1609
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DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF FIRST ORDER DERIVATIVE SPECTRO-PHOTOMETRIC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF TACROLIMUS AND BERBERINE HYDROCHLORIDE
A simple UV spectrophotometric method using the first order derivative technique was developed for the simultaneous estimation of tacrolimus and berberine hydrochloride in nanoparticles. The tacrolimus and berberine hydrochloride stock solutions were prepared methanol and scanned in UV- region for first-order derivative spectrum. The zero-crossing point for tacrolimus and berberine hydrochloride w...
1162
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APPLICATION OF VALIDATED LC-MS/MS METHOD FOR THE QUANTIFICATION OF LENVATINIB IN BIOLOGICAL MATRICES: SUPPORTING IN-VIVO BIOAVAILABILITY STUDIES IN HEALTHY RABBITS
A sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) technique was developed and validated for the quantification of lenvatinib in plasma samples. Plasma samples were presented by selecting the Liquid-Liquid extraction (LLE) method with ethyl acetate. The technique was developed and validated with respect to the parameters specificity, sensitivity, carry-over, recovery, precision,...
1330
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APPRAISEMENT OF DRUG UTILIZATION PATTERN OF ANTIMICROBIALS IN THE GENERAL MEDICINE DEPARTMENT OF A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL – A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL ANALYTICAL STUDY
AIM: To see the appraisement of drug utilization pattern of antimicrobials in the general medicine department of a tertiary care teaching hospital. Methodology: A prospective observational, analytical study was done on patients admitted in general medicine of Maharaja Institute of Medical Sciences, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India information regarding age, gender, diagnosis, patients present/p...
1411
620
MICROWAVE ASSISTED SYNTHESIS AND EVALUATION OF ANTICONVULSANT ACTIVITY OF SOME 1, 4-DIHYDROPYRIDINE DERIVATIVES
In the view of an extensive literature survey that revealed the anticonvulsant profile of 1,4-dihydropyridines and 1,3,4-Thiadiazole, we have coupled these two moieties with the aim of achieving an enhanced anticonvulsant effect. In present investigation some of ethyl-1-((5-amino-1, 3, 4-thiadiazol-2-yl) methyl)-5-ethyl-2, 6-dimethyl-4-substituted phenyl-1, 4-dihydro-pyridine-3-carboxylate derivat...
1139
549
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF MUCOADHESIVE VAGINAL TABLET FOR THE TREATMENT OF BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS
The primary purpose of this study was to formulate a mucoadhesive vaginal tablet of clindamycin phosphate. It developed to achieve an excellent therapeutic effect and patient compliance in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis. The formulation has a sustained-release effect with good mucoadhesion due to mucoadhesive polymers like Polycarbophil and Carbopol 971P NF, which decreases dose frequency. T...
1882
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ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF LEAVES SOLVENT EXTRACT OF MIMUSOPS ELENGI LINN.
The present study was to estimate the total phenolic content, flavonoids content and evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activity of alcoholic and aqueous extract of the leaves of plant Mimusops elengi Linn. Total phenolic content was determined calorimetrically using Folin ciocalteu reagent, and Total flavonoid content was determined by aluminum chloride method. The total phenolic content of methan...
1411
952
SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF CIPROFLOXACIN AND METRONIDAZOLE IN BULK AND TABLET FORMULATION BY UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRY
Three simple and economical UV-spectrophotometric methods have been developed and validated for simultaneous estimation of ciprofloxacin (CIP) and metronidazole (MET) in a tablet dosage form using distilled water as a green solvent. The proposed methods were; simultaneous equation method (method A), Q-absorbance ratio method (method B), and area under curve method (method C). λmax of CIP & ME...
1826
853
IN-SILICO SCREENING AND MODELING OF DELETERIOUS nsSNPs IN HUMAN GENE FBN1 FOR MARFAN SYNDROME
Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a common dominant inherited disorder that affects connective tissue, which is associated with mutation of the gene FBN1. The protein encoded by this gene contributes to the final structure of microfibrils. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of this gene links to variations in gene expression phenotypically among patients. Therefore SNPs would be the main target for ide...
1621
637
EFFECT OF ALFUZOSIN ON ETHYLENE GLYCOL AND AMMONIUM CHLORIDE INDUCED UROLITHIASIS IN MALE RATS
Urolithiasis is the most prevalent urinary tract disorder in males. Alfuzosin is a selective antagonist of post-synaptic α1a adrenoceptor, causing relaxation of smooth muscle in the bladder and prostate, which results in an improvement of urine flow and prevents ureter stones. The present study was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Alfuzosin on rats as a preventive and curative agent against...
1357
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EVALUATION OF PESTICIDE CHLORPYRIFOS TOXICITY ON DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER
Chlorpyrifos is one of the commonly detected pesticides found in food and water. Extensive use of it in agriculture and its persistence in the environment have raised public concern to overcome the pollution and toxicity problems. Exposure to chlorpyrifos poses several harmful effects to animal and human health. And the pathology in neurodegenerative diseases is mainly because of mitochondrial dys...
1419
585
HYPOGLYCEMIC EFFECTS OF LUFFA ACUTANGULA (L.) ROXB. FRUIT EXTRACT IN NORMAL AND STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS
Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb. (Family: Cucurbitaceae) has been used in the folkloric Indian medicinal system to treat numerous health conditions. The fruits of the plant have been used in dysentery, jaundice, diabetes, hemorrhoids, leprosy, and ringworm infection. The present study aimed to establish the hypoglycemic effect of the aqueous fruit extracts of Luffa acutangula was investigated in normal...
1377
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NEW STABILITY INDICATING UFLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF METFORMIN HCL AND VILDAGLIPTIN IN BULK AND SOLID DOSAGE FORM
A new stability indicating Ultra-Fast Liquid Chromatography (UFLC) method was validated for the simultaneous estimation of Metformin hydrochloride (MET) and Vildagliptin (VILDA) in bulk and tablet dosage form as per the International Council for Harmonization guidelines. Chromatography developed on Shimatzu UPLC, X-Bridge C18 column equipped with PDA detector. Mobile phase composed of phosphate bu...
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SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF NOVEL QUINAZOLINONE DERIVATIVES AS ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS
A series of quinazolinone derivatives were synthesized and screened for anti-inflammatory activity. 5-chloro anthranilic acid undergoes acetylation in the presence of acetic anhydride and anhydrous sodium acetate to give 5-chloro-N-acetyl anthranilic acid as intermediate-I which upon cyclization in the presence of phosphorous pentaoxide, glacial acetic acid, and para aminobenzoic acid to yield 4-[...
1183
694
EVALUATION OF THE GENETIC DIVERGENCE OF VARIOUS ACCESSIONS OF THE SPECIES CARISSA CARANDAS USING INTER SIMPLE SEQUENCE REPEAT PRIMERS
Carissa carandas Linn. belonging to the family Apocynaceae, is an underutilized fruit plant. C. carandas has been used in many ethno medicines 6, 40, 30. Genetic diversity is a ubiquitous feature of all species in nature. ISSR markers are useful in areas of genetic diversity, phylogenetic studies, gene tagging, genome mapping, and evolutionary biology in a wide range of plant species 4, 12. In thi...
1224
573
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF NOVEL UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF MEBENDAZOLE IN PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION
Mebendazole is a broad-spectrum anthelmintic drug that is widely used in the treatment of helminthic infections. A simple, accurate, and precise UV-visible spectrophotometric method has been developed and validated for the determination of Mebendazole in tablet formulation. The solvent used for the development of the proposed method was Phosphate buffer 6.8 at 278.6 nm. The Beers' law was obeyed i...
2143
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EVALUATION OF ANTICONVULSANT, ANTIANXIETY ACTIVITY OF IPOMOEA PES-TIGRIDIS EXTRACTS IN MICE
Ipomoea pes-tigridis (IP) is a twinning hairy herb grown in India. Based on the ethnopharmacological information of the plant, the ethanolic extract of the whole plant of Ipomoea pes-tigridis was evaluated for its anticonvulsant, antianxiety activity in mice. The Antiepileptic activity was assessed by using MES (maximal electroshock) model (200 and 400 mg/kg), and antianxiety activity was assessed...
1168
570
A STUDY TO ASSESS EFFECT OF MA-UL-SHA’EER (BARLEY WATER) IN INTERMEDIATE HYPERGLYCEMIC (PRE-DIABETIC) SUBJECTS ATTENDING HOSPITALS IN DELHI
Objective: To assess the efficacy of Ma-ul-Sha’eer (Barley water) as a dietary intervention in Intermediate Hyperglycemic subjects. Methods: A hospital-based prospective, pre and post interventional studies, conducted on 40 diagnosed cases of Intermediate Hyperglycemia (Pre-diabetes) as per WHO and ADA criteria at OPD of Majeedia Unani Hospital and A & U Tibbia College and Hospital, Delhi. R...
1596
642
MICELLAR SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF COPPER IN THE VARIOUS SAMPLES OF MILK
Milk is a complex system where analysis of metal ions is a difficult task due to the presence of interfering materials. The formation of a coloured complex between the metal and a coloured or colourless ligand is the basis for the development of spectro-photometric methods. The aim of this study is to analyze and estimate copper present in various samples of milk (i.e., cow, buffalo, goat, camel, ...
1186
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EFFECT OF PIPER BETLE LEAF EXTRACT AND SYZYGIUM AROMATICUM FLOWER EXTRACT AND THEIR ACTIVE COMPONENT EUGENOL ON THE SURVIVAL OF LUNG ADENOCARCINOMA CELLS (A549)
Medicinal plants are one of the most important resources for developing new lead therapeutic compounds used in various traditional medicines worldwide for thousands of years due to the presence of natural bioactive components, which help in preventing various human diseases. Piper betle Linn belongs to the Piperaceae family, commonly known as Betel and Paan. Betel leaves possess several bioactivit...
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IN-VIVO ANTI-ARTHRITIC EFFECT OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF SESBANIA GRANDIFLORA SEEDS ON COMPLETE FREUND’S ADJUVANT (CFA)-INDUCED ARTHRITIS IN RATS
Herbal medicines are in substantial demand in the developed country for primary healthcare because of their high efficacy, safety, and few side effects. Sesbania grandiflora is an ancient plant that belongs to the family Fabaceae. Traditionally, it is used for the treatment of various disorders such as diabetes, anxiety, hepatotoxicity, ulcer, and anti-inflammatory activity. Therefore the present ...
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STUDIES ON IN-VITRO ANTICANCER AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES FROM MARINE BACTERIAL PIGMENT ISOLATED FROM THE COASTAL AREA OF MARAKANAM (TN)
Marine bacteria have the potentiality to produce diverse bioactive molecules such as pigment. Therefore, it needs to exploit and identifying a novel type of pigment from marine bacteria for Industrial applications. This study aimed to investigate the marine bacterial pigment against antioxidant and anti-cancer properties; the marine bacteria producing pigment were isolated from water samples colle...
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REVISITING THE ROLE OF LOW DOSE RADIATION THERAPY AGAINST COVID-19 PNEUMONIA
Background: The entire world is battling the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) that potentially leads to pneumonia, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), multi-organ failure, often resulting in death. Therefore, the utmost challenge from a medical perspective is to improve lung function before the patient requires intubation and critical care. In the same light, the use of low dose radiation th...
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PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF Fe3O4@SiO2@L-VALINE NANOPARTICLES AS AN EFFECTIVE AND NOVEL NANOCATALYST FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF PERIMIDINE DERIVATIVE UNDER MILD CONDITIONS
We presented an eco-friendly procedure for effective and fast preparation of biologically active substituted pyrimidine ligand through a condensation reaction of 1,8-diaminonaphthalene and 2-methoxy-benzaldehyde with Fe3O4@SiO2@L-valine magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as a new recyclable catalyst. In this experiment, we aim to increase reaction efficiency for the synthesis of 2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-2,3...
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DETERMINATION OF LETHAL CONCENTRATION FIFTY (LC50) OF WHOLE PLANT ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF AMARANTHUS VIRIDIS, CYNODON DACTYLON & AERVA SANGUINOLENTA ON ZEBRAFISH (DANIO RERIO) EMBRYOS
Introduction: Most potent toxic elements are derived from nature only. So safety and toxicological evaluation of plant extracts which are otherwise thought to be very safe, are mandatory. The zebrafish embryo has become an important model organism for toxicological research due to its small size, genetic similarity to humans, etc. The Objective: The objective of the present study is to determine a...
2316
1085
AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY REGARDING PRESCRIPTION EVENT MONITORING OF ANTI-HYPERTENSIVE MEDICATIONS AMONGST PATIENTS COMING TO A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE OF NORTHERN INDIA
Hypertension is now defined on the basis of systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure levels and classified into stages on the basis of the degree of elevation. The generally recognized cut point for hypertension is an average office BP of 140/90 mmHg or greater, which has been obtained by a recommended standard technique with an accurate manometer and has been confirmed on at least one ot...
1308
616
GEOGRAPHICAL BASED GENOMIC AND PATHOGENIC STUDY OF THE SARS-COV-2
The current pandemic COVID 19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 is very contagious and causes respiratory disease. Genomic analysis of different strains in SARS-CoV-2 were found to infect different geographical locations of the world (India, USA, and Brazil) and also in different parts of India (Kerala, Surat, and Ahmedabad). These sequences were downloaded from the viral genome sequence database of the Nation...
1331
563
VALIDATED UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD FOR IN-VITRO DISSOLUTION STUDIES IN PHOSPHATE BUFFER pH 7.4
A simple, accurate, and economical, least time-consuming method has been developed for Losartan potassium (LP) by using UV spectrophotometer. This method was developed using phosphate buffer solution pH 7.4 (PBS) for quantifying the amount of LP released from the colon-specific formulations. The wavelength maximum (λmax) of LP in phosphate buffer pH 7.4 was found to be 228.5 nm. The developed UV ...
2489
879
SARS COV, MERS COV, SARS COV-2 AND TREATMENTS: A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS
As the incidences of Coronavirus (SARS CoV-2) infections have been increasing at a rapid pace, the need for its containment and treatment has taken center stage for numerous research institutions. The similarity of SARS CoV-2 with that of SARS CoV has led to a jumpstart in the research activities on corona-virus on the same. The number of research articles appearing since the time SARS CoV-2 was d...
1275
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ANTI-DIABETIC EFFECT OF LEAF AND STEM EXTRACT OF MACROTYLOMA UNIFLORUM (LAM.) VERDC IN ALLOXAN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder in the endocrine system resulting from a defect in insulin secretion, insulin action or both of them. Adverse side effects of chemical drugs for the treatment of diabetes persuaded the use of medical plants. Macrotyloma uniflorum is a traditionally used plant for the treatment of diabetes is packed with powerful plant constituents with polyphenols, fl...
1249
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THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING OF SERUM PHENYTOIN FOR EARLY POST TRAUMATIC SEIZURE PROPHYLAXIS IN TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY PATIENTS USING EMIT ASSAY IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Aims & Objective: To monitor therapeutic drug level of serum phenytoin for early posttraumatic seizure prophylaxis in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients using enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT) in a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Method: In this observational, open-label, non-interventional, prospective study, 90 patients of mild to moderate TBI patients were recruited, a...
1585
1457
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF VINPOCETINE ORODISPERSIBLE TABLETS: IN-VITRO CHARACTERIZATION AND IN-VIVO PHARMACOKINETIC STUDY
Objective: This research article aims to formulate and evaluate orodispersible tablets (ODTs) for Vinpocetine, a nootropic drug used for improving brain functions and cerebral blood flow. This will provide a convenient way for taking medication for dysphagia patients and therefore improve compliance. Methods: Vinpocetine ODTs were prepared by using superdisintegrants. A full mixed 31×41 factorial...
1642
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DESIGN CHARACTERIZATION AND FORMULATION OF IN-SITU GELLING OPHTHAL-MIC DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM CONTAINING PLANT DERIVED PHENOLS
The objective of the present investigation was to formulate and evaluate ion-activated in-situ gel using the herbal drug catechin, a potential natural antioxidant for the treatment of glaucoma by lowering oxidative stress. A total of eight formulations were prepared and evaluated for parameters, namely physical appearance, gelling capacity, pH measurement, rheological studies, the effect of steril...
1404
655
NOVEL SULFONAMIDE SCHIFF’S BASES AND THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY
In the vision of chemistry, Schiff bases are excellent ligands and play a very important role in drug discovery and development. The Schiff bases and their complexes have been reported in the literature possessing wide applications in biological, clinical, and analytical fields. In outlook of this, new Schiff bases of Sulfonamide drug were synthesized by a very simple reaction and in good yield. T...
1254
696
ANTICOAGULANT AND FIBRINO(GENO)LYTIC PROTEASE FROM LEUCAS ASPERA
Leucas aspera is the medicinal plant commonly known as ‘Thumbai’ found all over India. It is being used in traditional medicine to treat cough, cold, diarrhea, inflammatory diseases, and paste of the plant that has been used to treat the wound to enhance the wound healing process. The plant is reported to have anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antidiarrheal, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and insecti...
1531
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FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF BIOADHESIVE BUCCAL TABLETS OF ENALAPRIL MALEATE
Enalapril maleate competitively inhibits the ACE to hinder the production of angiotensin II, a key component of the rennin angiotensin aldosterone system that promotes vasoconstriction and reabsorption of sodium ion in the kidney, overall decrease in blood pressure. The study's main objective was to formulate and evaluate bioadhesive buccal tablets to avoid the first-pass metabolism in the liver a...
1594
912
SIMULTANEOUS QUANTIFICATION OF ROSUVASTATIN AND TELMISARTAN IN BULK AND TABLET – A VALIDATED UV-SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC TECHNIQUE
Rosuvastatin and Telmisartan are used together as a fixed dosage combination to treat hypertension associated with dyslipidemia. Objective: To develop and validate a simple, sensitive, precise, ecofriendly and cost-effective method for the determination of Rosu-vastatin and Telmisartan in bulk and pharmaceutical formulation as per ICH Guidelines. Methods: an effort has been made to develop a simpl...
1221
593
DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF LAPATINIB DITOSYLATE SELF-NANO-EMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS
The main objective of the study is to develop gelucire 44/14 based lapatinib ditosylate (LPT) SNEDDS for the improvement of solubility and drug release. Pseudo tertiary phase diagram constructed for varying oil, surfactant, and co-surfactant combinations. Fifteen LPT SNEDDS formulations were prepared with anticipated component ratios (gelucire 44/14, peceol, and capmul MCM) based on monophasic reg...
1504
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