Volume 6 (2015) - Issue 7, July
Review Articles
MEDICINAL PLANTS – FROM TRADITIONAL USE TO TOXICITY ASSESSMENT: A REVIEW
Herbal medicine is gaining popularity once again and there is an increased interest in green medicine simply because it is considered as safe. Traditionally also plants and plant extracts were used to cure many diseases and disorders. However, before usage it is of utmost important to ensure its safety. The extract may be therapeutically very efficient but if it’s toxicity assessment is not wo...
14915
4974
CURCUMIN: TRANSFORMING THE SPICE TO A WONDER DRUG
Turmeric is a spice obtained from the dried rhizomes of Curcuma longa, family Zingiberaceae. It has been extensively used in traditional Indian (Ayurveda) and Chinese medicine for various ailments such as anti-inflammatory, blood purifier and even as a cosmetic. Curcumin, the chief constituent in turmeric has been isolated centuries ago, has been found to have a wide range of pharmacological actio...
7512
2728
COLON TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM: A REVEIW ON PRIMARY AND NOVEL APPROACHES
In the recent years there is new development in field of colon specific drug delivery system. The colon is the terminal part of the GIT which has gained as a potential site for delivery of various novel therapeutic drugs. The colon is a site where both local and systemic delivery of drugs can take place. Local delivery allows topical treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn’s disease, ulce...
4202
1754
AN OUTLOOK OF DIVERGENT APPROACHES FOR PRODUCTION OF NANOPARTICULATE BASED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
The complications as well as expense had been increased in marketing new chemical entities (NCEs) due to their poor solubility, high toxicity, high dosage, non-specific delivery, in-vivo degradation and short circulating half-lives. Nanoparticles possess immense prospective as an efficient drug delivery system. Nanoparticulate-based delivery systems have potential to significantly impact on pharma...
3775
1504
NEUROPHARMACOLOGY OF DEPRESSION: A REVIEW
The selected theories are based on studies investigating the possible role of stress hormones and cytokine; gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA); glutamate; monoaminergic transmitters such as serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine; omega-3 fatty acid; T-cell; β-endorphine; synaptic plasticity; endocrine system and endocannabinoids in the pathophysiology of depression. Because all theories of depression ap...
5292
1720
PROFILING OF IMPURITIES IN PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS
Impurity profiling is the process of evaluating data for the biological safety of an individual impurity. Impurity profiling has gained utmost importance due to the fact that unidentified impurities present in the pharmaceutical formulations may prove hazardous to human health on consumption. Impurities in pharmaceuticals are unwanted compounds that remain or those that are present during the form...
5899
2264
A REVIEW ON THERAPEUTIC ASPECTS OF HYDROTHERAPY
The term Hydrotherapy refers to a process which uses water at any temperature or forms to relieve pain and treat illness. This review describes about various conditions of water treatments. Hydrotherapy may help treat various conditions, including arthritis, stomach issues, sleep disorders, stress and depression. The theory behind hydrotherapy is that water has healing properties that can relieve ...
8973
2278
ENDODONTIC PAIN – CAUSE AND MANAGEMENT: A REVIEW
Pain is the most predominantly associated symptom with patients visit to the dental office. The pain may arise due to either an endodontic cause or a periodontic cause, but the endodontic pain type variant is the most commonly encountered by the dentists in their dental offices. Even though the endodontic pain is more common, there arises a dilemma in diagnosing and planning the treatment for the ...
14538
2558
Research Articles
IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL POTENTIAL OF GLYCOSIDIC AND AGLYCONIC CRUDE EXTRACTS OF CASSIA SIEBERIANA DC. (CESALPINIACEAE) AND KHAYA GRANDIFOLIOLA C.DC. (MELIACEAE): A COMPARATIVE SURVEY
Cassia sieberiana and Khaya grandifoliola are two plants from Ivorian traditional pharmacopoeia. In this study, we have compared in vitro antibacterial potential of glycosidic and aglyconic crude extracts from both plant species against 3 reference bacterial strains (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 27853, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923) and 4 others clinical (Proteus mirab...
4240
1410
EVALUATION OF THE HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF UVARIA AFZELII AGAINST PARACETAMOL INDUCED LIVER TOXICITY IN WISTAR RATS.
Uvaria afzelii (UV) Sc Elliot (Annonaceae) locally is used in the treatment of kidney disorders, digestive problems, liver disorders, diabetes as well as gonorrhea. This study aims to investigate the possible hepatoprotective activities of the crude aqueous root extract of Uvaria afzelii against Paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity with Silymarin being used as a reference standard. Twenty five (25) ...
4598
2099
DEGRADATION STUDY OF LIPOSOME DRUG DELIVERY PREPARED WITH PALM OIL; USING 1H NMR
This study aims to utilize natural palm oil in the formulation of liposome and evaluate its stability and degradation via the 1H NMR technique. In this study, the conventional method was used to prepare liposome consisting 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25% of palm oil in their structure, and the liposome were characterized in vitro afterwards. The chemical degradation of liposome in the presences of blood ...
3864
1415
IN VITRO AND IN VIVO GENOTOXICITY ASSESSMENT OF TOTAL ALKALOIDS OF AGERATUM CONYZOIDES L. LEAVES (ASTERACEAE) BY ALKALINE COMET ASSAY
In African traditional medicine, Ageratum conyzoides L. has been used as purgative, febrifuge, anti-ulcer and wound dressing. A. conyzoides contains pyrrolizidine alkaloids, a class of hepatotoxic, genotoxic and carcinogenic phytochemicals. This study aims to evaluate the genotoxicity of total alkaloids of A. conyzoides leaves by the alkaline-comet assay.The comet assay was done on human prostate ...
4210
1474
DESIGN, FORMULATION AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF SUSTAINED RELEASE PULSATILE CAPSULE OF METOPROLOL TARTRATE
Pulsatile system is gaining a lot of interest as it increases patient compliance by means of providing time and site specific drug delivery system. This work will aim at the design of a sustained release formulation with potential use of metoprolol tartrate capsule which is used in the treatment of hypertension. The design involves the preparation of cross linked hard gelatin capsules by using for...
4232
1531
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF OLD AND YOUNG LEAVES OF OLEA EUROPAEA (OLIVE TREE) OF ALJOUF REGION, SAUDI ARABIA
Antibacterial activities of different solvent extracts of young and old leaves has been evaluated against Pseudomonas aeureginosa (ATTCC10145) an opportunistic bacteria by Agar Well Diffusion Method. Extracts of olive leaves have been prepared by using standard extraction methods and DMS was used as vehicle for all the extracts. Amikacin was used as standard drug to which P. aeruginosa was found s...
3361
1551
THE EFFECT OF AMLODIPINE IN AMELIORATING THE HYPOBARIC HYPOXIA INDUCED NEURONAL DAMAGES AND DYSFUNCTION
Calcium accumulation and calcium overload in the intracellular organelles has been known to be the main reason for cellular abnormalities related to oxidative stress. The study deals with the effects of an important calcium channel blocker (CCB)amlodipine in countering the hypoxia induced oxidative stress, in vitro and in vivo. We examined the intracellular calcium changes along withReactive Oxyge...
3752
1310
NANOSPONGE LOADED HYDROGEL OF CEPHALEXIN FOR TOPICAL DELIVERY
Cephalexin is a first generation cephalosporin antibiotic which is used for the treatment of skin and soft tissue infection, urinary tract infection and diabetic foot infection. Since cephalexin is not available as topical formulation, cephalexin was formulated into nanosponge loaded hydrogel as it can enhance skin permeation. Nanosponges of cephalexin were prepared using hydroxyl ethyl cellulose ...
8390
2509
SYSTEMIC AND LOCAL TOXICITY ASSAY OF AN AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF LARREA DIVARICATA CAV.: ROLE OF NDGA
Larrea divaricata Cav. (Zygophyllaceae) is an autochthonous plant of South America, widely distributed in Argentina. It is used in folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory drug. By other way, presents well documented antitumoral and immunomodulatory effects. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), an antioxidant compound, had been previously described in this plant. Nowadays a formulation for hair growth b...
3918
1406
PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND CHROMATOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF DILLENIA INDICA LINN. LEAVES
The present study is about the pharmacognostic and phytochemistry study on Dillenia indica Linn. Dillenia indica is commonly known as chalta or chilta in Hindi. It is a medium sized tree, a native of South eastern Asia, India, Bangladesh, East Srilanka, South western China and Vietnam. The plant is evaluated for understanding the pharmacognostic and Phytochemical characteristics of the leaf. The p...
4705
1617
ISOLATION AND AFFINITY PURIFICATION OF PEROXIDASE FROM DAIKON
Peroxidase enzyme plays an important role in pharmaceutical, Industrial and various research laboratories. This enzyme can be purified by various different method. Our research trend was to purify the enzyme in a convenient and easy way. For this purpose a new affinity column was prepare by immobilizing PABA to N-HydroxySuccinamaideagarose gel. The presence of peroxidase was investigated on variou...
3600
1236
TO STUDY AN APHRODISIAC ACTIVITY OF HYDROALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF WITHANIA SOMNIFERA DRIED ROOTS IN FEMALE WISTAR RATS
Female sexual dysfunction is a complicated disorder and mostly ignored. Worldwide, reduced sexual function occur in all ages but largest reduction is seen in menopausal women. Now, in the market various conventional medicines are available but they have various side effects and are less efficacious. Therefore the scientists diverted towards the medicinal plants claimed in the traditional systems o...
4152
1465
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ETHNOMEDICINAL PLANTS OF IRULARS OF WESTERN GHATS
The present study report deals with the medicinal plants used by the irular tribal people of Coimbatore against pyogenic infections. Five different plants like Abutilon indicum, Datura metel, Lantana Camaro, Tridax procumbens and Leucas aspera were collected and their antimicrobial activity were tested against bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Bacillus anthracis, Ps...
3316
1234
INSILICO ANALYSIS OF VINCA ALKALOIDS AS ANTIMITOTIC AND ANTI-MICROTUBULE AGENTS: A POTENTIAL CURE FOR CANCER
Vinca alkaloids are a subset of drugs obtained from the Madagascar periwinkle plant, Catharanthus roseus and have hypoglycemic as well as cytotoxic effects. They are used for treating diabetes, high blood pressure and have been used as disinfectants. The vinca alkaloids are important for being cancer fighters, as they work by inhibiting the ability of cancer cells to divide. Upon acting on tubulin...
3749
1506
OPTIMIZATION OF FORMULATION PARAMETERS FOR PREPARATION OF DOCETAXEL LOADED NANOSTRUCTURED LIPID CARRIERS
Present paper explores the preparation of Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs) loaded with the anticancer agent docetaxel trihydrate, with potential for targeted anticancer drug delivery. NLCs were prepared using Melt Emulsification Solvent Evaporation – Sonication method. The procedure adopted for preparation was optimized for obtaining NLCs with high entrapment efficiency for the drug and part...
5270
2044
BIOLOGICAL MONITORING OF EXPOSURE TO BENZENE AND TOLUENE IN TYRE RETREADERS
Workers engaged in tyre retreading face the possibility of occupational exposure to benzene and toluene as these are used as solvents and glue. Exposure to these solvents in other industries has been aptly described in several reports. Considering important from public health point of view, a study on biological monitoring of benzene and toluene exposure in tyre retreaders was performed Urine samp...
4834
1519
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF NON EFFERVESCENT FLOATING TABLETS OF CEFUROXIME AXETIL
The objective of this work was to develop non effervescent floating tablets by Melt granulation technique. Cefuroxime axetil is having shorter half life of 80 min and hydrolyzed by intestinal esterase to the non absorbable cefuroxime in the gut lumen and is, therefore, suspected as a possible cause of incomplete bioavailability. So there is a need to increase the gastric residence time of the drug...
6598
1915
METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF ZOPICLONE IN BULK AND TABLET DOSAGE FORM USING RP-HPLC
Zopiclone belongs to a class of medicines commonly called Z-drugs. It is a novel hypnotic agent used in the treatment of insomnia. Its mechanism of action is based on modulating benzodiazepine receptors. A Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography method was developed and validated for the quantification of zopiclone in bulk and tablet dosage form. Chromatography was achieved using a Wa...
4480
1677
EFFECTS OF CADMIUM STRESS ON ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES IN VIGNA RADIATA ROOTS
A brief study to analyze oxidative stress and antioxidant response of cadmium stress was carried out. The plant chosen Vigna radiata (var. SML-668) was hydroponically grown in 0, 50µM, 100µM and 150µM, cadmium chloride. The roots were taken from hydroponic culture at 6 days of growth for various enzymatic and metabolic estimations. Among the antioxidant enzymes, root catalase and ascorbate pe...
2935
1080
IMMUNOSTIMULATORY POTENTIAL OF N-BUTANOLIC FRACTION OF HYDROALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF COSTUS SPECIOSUS KOEN. RHIZOME
The immunomodulatory potential of n-butanolic fraction of rhizome extract (hydroalcoholic) of Costus speciosus was evaluated. For this different models like estimation of serum Immunoglobulin level, carbon clearance test, delayed type hypersensitivity reaction and humoral antibody were used. In delayed type hypersensitivity reaction and humoral antibody titer , mice were immunized by injecting 20%...
3933
1449
EARLY PREDICTION OF CISPLATIN NEPHROTOXICITY IN HEAD AND NECK CANCER PATIENTS – AN EVALUATION WITH URINARY BIOMARKERS
Background: Nephrotoxic Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a common condition associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Acute exposure to potentially nephrotoxic drugs requires early appraisal of the extent of renal injury to determine the need for specific interventions. Hence this study was designed to evaluate two urinary biomarkers for the early diagnosis of AKI due to cisplatin chemothe...
3298
1074
DESIGN AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PRESS COATED TABLETS OF ACECLOFENAC FOR PULSATILE DELIVERY
An oral press-coated tablet was developed by means of direct compression to achieve the time-controlled disintegrating or rupturing function with a distinct predetermined lag time. The aim of the present study is to develop time depended drug delivery systems for Aceclofenac by using HPMC K100M and ethylcellulose (EC) as coating material. By applying 32 full factorial design, compression coated ta...
5054
1622
VALIDATED RP-HPLC METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF ROSUVASTATIN CALCIUM IN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION
A rapid, sensitive and specific RP-HPLC method was developed and validated for determination of Rosuvastatin Calcium in bulk and tablet dosage form. Chromatography was carried out on a Enable C18G (250 x 4.6 mm i.d.,5µ) column using filtered and degassed mixture of acetonitrile and water in the ratio of 75:25 % v/v as mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.6 ml/min and effluent was monitored at 252 nm....
7606
2040
SYNTHESIS, EVALUATION OF ANALGESIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES OF SUBSTITUTED 1,2-BENZOXAZOLONE AND 3-CHLORO-1,2-BENZOXAZOLE DERIVATIVES
Herein method for the synthesis of substituted 1,2-benzoxazolone (8a-f) and 3-chloro-1,2-benzoxazole (9a-f) derivatives has been described. A new scheme has been adapted for the construction of 1,2-benzoxazole ring from salicylic acid and its derivatives which leads to the formation of series of 5,6 and 7 substituted title compounds. Synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, 1H-NMR and Mass ...
3866
1731
A COMBINATORIAL APPROACH TO IDENTIFY NOVEL HIV-PROTEASE (WILD AND MUTANT) INHIBITORS (PIs) USING ZINC DRUG DATABASE
The Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 protease is one of the most important target to highly active anti retrovirus therapy(HAART) for the treatment of all acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS). Protease inhibitor “Darunavir” is most recently included as a PI in the list of HARRT(highly active anti retrovirus therapy), more effective against mutant and wild type simultaneously of Proteas...
2529
1169
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF CARISOPRODOL IN PURE AND PHARMACEUTICAL FORMS USING TRIPHENYL METHANE DYES
New simple and sensitive extractive spectrophotometric methods have been developed and described for the determination of carisoprodol in pure form and in pharmaceutical formulations. The developed methods involve formation of coloured chloroform extractable ion-pair complexes of carisoprodol with triphenyl methane dyes viz., bromocresol green (BCG), bromothymol blue (BTB) and bromophenol blue (BP...
3622
1744
ION EXCHANGERS: A USEFUL TOOL FOR SEPARATION AND SIMULTANEOUS PURIFICATION OF LYSOSOMAL CYSTEINE PROTEINASES, CATHEPSINS B, H AND L.
Lysosomes of mammalian tissues contain a number of cysteine proteinases such as Cathepsins B, H and L, which participate in intracellular protein degradation and are involved in various pathological disorders. These proteinases have been purified to ~ 1600 fold with ~25% yields from goat liver. These Cathepsins having similar molecular weight (~25,000 Da) were obtained as a single pool after initi...
3339
1314
EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIFUNGAL PROPERTY OF DHOOPANA KARMA (FUMIGATION) – BY “DHUP”AN AYURVEDIC DHOOPANA PRODUCT
There are millions of micro-organisms around us, amongst 20-25% are non pathogenic. Pathogenic microbes present in the environment around us are responsible for various health related problems. Reducing microbial load to non-pathogenic levels may be the purpose of traditional fumigation techniques like Dhoopana, Homa, and Havana etc. This is also evident from Ayurvedic literature wherein fumigat...
11138
2374
PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION AND HPTLC FINGER PRINTING OF AN ANTIDIABETIC POLYHERBAL FORMULATION
The aim of the present work was to investigate the phytochemical components of an antidiabetic polyherbal formulation. The formulation was prepared using ingredients of Azadirachta indica A. Juss, Commiphora mukul, Curcuma longa L, Emblica officinalis Gaertn, Garcinia cambogia Gaertn, Gymnema sylvestre Retz, Momordica charantia L, Ocimum sanctum L and Trigonella foenum-graecum L. The formulation w...
3427
1626
ANALYSIS OF THE PRESCRIBING PATTERNS OF ANTIBIOTICS IN RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS AT DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
A respiratory tract infection (RTI) is defined as any infectious disease of the upper and lower respiratory tract. Acute respiratory tract infection accounts for 12-35% of the in patients attendance in general hospital. A six months hospital based prospective observational study was carried out in the department of medicine at BTGH, Gulbarga. The aim of the study was to analyse the prescribing p...
5597
1994
OLIBANUM RESIN BASED AMBROXOL HYDROCHLORIDE TABLETS: FABRICATION AND IN VITRO EVALUATION
Present era meant for utilization of natural resources in the development of dosage forms. In the present investigation natural biodegradable polymer olibanum resin is employed to develop matrix tablets of ambroxol hydrochloride for sustained release. Various Ratios of resins is study its ability to retard the early release of the drug from formulation. The tablets were prepared by wet granulation...
3172
1197
QUALITATIVE SCREENINGS OF PHOTOCHEMICAL AND GC-MS ANALYSIS OF CEROPEGIA ATTENUATA- AN ENDANGERED TUBEROUS PLANT
Ceropegia bulbosa is a medicinal herb, this is useful in curing many disease like kidney stone and deafness. Ethno botanical study showed that the plant has good medicinal value for tribe of Rajasthan the preliminary phytochemical studies of Ceropegia attenuata tuber and leaf extracts revealed the presence of steroids, glycosides, flavonoids alkaloids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids and potassium s...
3279
1344
RP-HPLC AND SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHODS FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF BUPROPION HCl AND NALTREXONE HCl
A simple, sensitive, precise, accurate and cost effective reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic method for the simultaneous estimation of bupropion HCl and naltrexone HCl from a single formulation was developed and validated in accordance to ICH guidelines. The two drugs were eluted under isocratic mode using a 250 x 4.6 mm i.d, 0.45 µm Phenomenex Chromosil C18 column. The mobile ...
5286
2891
IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT SCREENING OF BIO-ACTIVE FRACTION OF SEEDS OF STRYCHNOS POTATORUM LINN
Strychnos potatorum Linn. is a medium sized deciduous tree belonging to the family Loganiaceae. The collected seeds of Strychnos potatorum were dried and powdered. Methanolic extract of these seeds was prepared by cold maceration. The preliminary phytochemical screening of the crude extract revealed the presence of flavonoids and phenolic compounds. The crude extract was partitioned (gradient) wit...
3159
1302
HPTLC QUANTIFICATION & PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF ROOTS OF ACACIA CATECHU WILLD
Present work has been undertaken to establish the necessary pharmacognostic standards and phytochemical evaluation of roots of Acacia catechu Willd. Various morphological parameters of fresh as well as shade dried form of the roots were studied. Microscopy shows the presence of medullary rays, starch grains, pith, phloem fibres, cork cells and xylem cells. Physico-chemical constants such as Fluore...
3510
1848
IN VITRO ANTIARTHRITIC, ANTIOXIDANT AND IN VIVO CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY OF YOGARAJA GUGGULU
Yogaraja guggulu a poly herbal formulation, consisting of 29 ingredients, has been used for the neurological, musculoskeletal disorders and in general practice, used for osteo arthritis. In vitro antiarthritic activity is done against pathogens which also include septic arthritis causing microorganisms. This study focused on determining antimicrobial efficacies of methanol (A), ethylacetate (B) an...
5103
1402
ASSAY OF ANTIBACTERIAL DRUG MEROPENEM IN PHARMACEUTICALS BY VOLTAMMETRIC TECHNIQUES
In present study the electro-oxidative behaviour and determination of meropenem at a glassy carbon electrode were investigated using cyclic, differential pulse anodic adsorptive stripping voltammetry (DPAAdSV) and square wave anodic adsorptive stripping voltammetric (SWAAdSV) techniques. The dependence of the peak current and peak potentials on pH, concentration and scan rates were examined. The o...
3602
1457
PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF DATURA STRAMONIUM SEEDS
The present study was concerned with phytochemical screening of methanolic extract of Datura stramonium seeds and its antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The methanolic extract was prepared by using Soxhlet apparatus. The result of phytochemical screening of methanolic extract of Datura stramonium seeds shows presence of various phytoconstituents like alkaloids, flavonoids, amino acids, tann...
7507
2262
SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF SOME NEW CHALCONES USING ANHYDROUS POTASSIUM CARBONATE AS AN EFFICIENT BASIC CATALYST BY CONVENTIONAL AND MICROWAVE ASSISTED TECHNIQUES
A series of novel 3-(substituted aryl)-1-(5-methylfuran-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one derivatives (3a-k) were synthesized from commercially available 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran and various substituted aromatic aldehydes in presence of anhydrous potassium carbonate in ethanol solution and by microwave irradiation method with good yield compared to conventional method. Anhydrous potassium carbonate has been ut...
2977
1218
BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS TO TARGET ANTI APOPTOTIC PROTEINS- Bcl 2 AND Bcl XL AN IN SILICO APPROACH
Phytochemicals from several herbaceous and spice plants have been reported to have defense properties against various diseases. Potential of some of such plants like Allium sativum, Curcuma longa, Boerhaavia diffusa, Pterocarpus marsupium and Zingiber officinale in cancer therapy has already been proved. The state of Kerala in southern India hosts large number of medicinal herbs and is also referr...
5068
2052
ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS, DITERMINATION OF ALKALOID, SAPONIN AND FLAVONOID OF THREE SELECTED SPECIES OF ZINZIBERACEAE FAMILY
The present study reveals the chemical composition and mineral analysis of Curcuma amada, Alpinia nigra, Amomum gracile. They are belongs to the same family zingiberaceae. The result reveals; (a) alkaloid contains in Alpinia nigra (6.0mg/100gm), amomum gracile (0.6mg/100gm), Curcuma amada (4.280mg/100gm); (b) saponin contain in Alpinia nigra burtt(18.960mg/100gm), Amomum gracile (18.1mg/100gm) and...
3256
1232
SCREENING OF INDIGENOUS MEDICINAL PLANTS FOR THEIR ACARICIDAL ACTIVITY AGAINST CATTLE TICKS UNDER IN VIVO CONDITION
The acaricidal activity of leaf extracts of Annona squamosa, Azadirachta indica and Calotropis procera were tested against the cattle ticks under in vivo condition. Plants were extracted with methanol and water and the extracts were tested against the cattle ticks under in vivo condition. The aqueous and alcoholic extracts of A. indica showed maximum mortality rate of ticks followed by A. squamo...
3243
1335
ESTIMATION OF PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF CALOTROPIS GIGANTEA EXTRACT: WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY AND ITS BIOMEDICAL APPLICATION
Wound is unpreventable consequences of life, which originates due to physical damage, chemical injury and microbial pathogenic infections, which extend to loss of cellular and functional continuity of living tissue. Calotropis gigantea is a weed plant it used as a wound healing agent. Calotropis gigantea is a waste land weed. Antioxidants represent a significant function to assist human, against ...
4807
1840
IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF DRYNARIA QUERCIFOLIA L. RHIZOME
Antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of Drynaria quercifolia rhizome at different concentrations (100, 200 and 300µg/ml) were studied in various in vitro models. Results were compared with standard ascorbic acid. Antioxidant activity of extract was increased with the increasing concentration. The order of antioxidant potential according to models were found to be highest in nitric oxide s...
3471
1205
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF LEVOFLOXACIN OINTMENT
We intended desired ointment developed for bacterial infection. So Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolones of antibacterial drug effective in the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis, sinus, kidney, bladder or prostate Here the main objective of the present work is besides delivering drugs to the body, A drug delivery system to improve patient compliance and dispersible are no exception. So we hav...
13520
3246
QUANTIFICATION OF INTERMEDIATE, UNKNOWN IMPURITIES AND Z ISOMER IN ENTACAPONE API BY HPLC
Simple, linear and accurate method was developed for the quantification of Z-isomer impurity and 3, 4-dihydroxy-5-nitrobenzaldehyde intermediate in entacapone active pharmaceutical ingredient by using high performance liquid chromatography. Separation between impurities and Entacapone was achieved on Phenomenox Kinetex C18, (100 x 4.6) mm, 2.6 micron column. Mobile phase consisted of 0.1% Orthroph...
5089
2544
GC–MS ANALYSIS AND IN-VITRO CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF ANTIGONON LEPTOPUS FLOWERS
The present study has been designed to evaluate the bioactive compounds and cytotoxic activity from the n-hexane fraction of methanolic extract of Antigonon leptopus flowers. The n-hexane fraction was analysed by GC-MS (Thermo GC-TRACE ultra ver.: 5.0, Thermo MS DSQ II) which revealed the presence of many diversified compounds including flavonoids, Vitamin D2 derivative, carbohydrates, amino acids...
3026
1700
METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF FOLIC ACID BY UV-VISIBLE SPECTROSCOPY
The present study a simple, accurate, precise and cost effective UV-Visible spectrophotometric method for development and validation of folic acid as vitamin. folic acid is a water soluble vitamin, so solvent used throughout the experiment was chloroform, butanol,0.1N NaoH, water .the absorption maxima of drug was found at 250nm . Beer’s law was obeyed in the range of 5ppm-30ppm. The developed...
10645
3499
HYPERDENSE INTRACRANIAL VESSELS IN NON-CONTRAST COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY SCAN OF BRAIN-A CASE REPORT
A 20-year-old male patient reported to ophthalmology outpatient department with complaint of loss of vision in right eye since childhood and diminished vision in left eye for 1month of duration. Funduscopy revealed right side optic atrophy and left sided vitreous hemorrhage. Non-contrast computed tomography study of head showed hyperdense circle of Willis and cerebral venous sinuses. No contrast w...
4929
1461
ASSESS THE MEDICATION ADHERENCE AND FACTORS AFFECTING TO MEDICATION ADHERENCE AMONG PATIENTS WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA AT SRI RAMACHANDRA HOSPITAL, PORUR, CHENNAI
Purpose: Bronchial Asthma is a chronic disease that affects the airways. Lung function declines faster than average in people with asthma. Overall, one study reported that 72% of men and 86% of women with asthma had symptoms 15 years after an initial diagnosis. Only 19% of these people, however, were still seeing a doctor, and only 32% used any maintenance medication. Hence a study was conducted t...
2859
1015
PHARMACOGNOSTICAL STANDARDIZATION OF NUTMEG SEEDS (MYRISTICA FRAGRANS HOUTT.) – A TRADITIONAL MEDICINE
Resurgence of public interest in traditional medicine is increasing in both the developing and developed countries. Myristica fragrans belonging to the family Myristicaceae is commonly known as jaifal and even used as home-remedies in the rural parts of the India. The fruit is used as traditional medicine more frequently for the treatment of common ailments of children in rural folklore practices ...
4824
3961
EVALUATION OF ANTINOCICEPTIVE AND ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF ALPINIA GALANGA RHIZOMES IN ANIMAL MODELS
Alpinia galanga Linn. (Zingiberaceae) presents many chemical constituents of the volatile oil extracted from the rhizome. The rhizome of Alpinia galanga is used by people in many regions for relieving toothache, abdominal pain, muscular swelling and rheumatism. This study was performed to determine the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of a methanolic extract of Alpinia galanga. Ana...
3905
1167