Volume 12 (2021) - Issue 1, January
Review Articles
GUT-MICROBIOME MANAGEMENT: AN ISSUE WORTH CONSIDERING IN COVID-19 TREATMENT
The human gut is colonized by an inherent group of microorganisms that cohabits with us and plays a critical role in maintaining homeostasis. Evidence is being piled up, showing the roles of gut micro-flora in the severity and consequences of COVID-19. The gut-lung cross talk is thought to mediate this outcome resulting in an alteration of gut-microbiome, a phenomenon known as gut-dysbiosis during...
3162
1754
COMBING THROUGH TRADITIONAL TEXTS TO PREVENT COVID-19 – A SCIENTIFIC APPROACH
The coronavirus pandemic caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is unique and unprecedented in many respects and has challenged healthcare systems worldwide. Currently, there is no specific treatment or cure in the Western medicine system. Research is underway to develop effective vaccines and medications for the disease. In this scenario, the scientific commun...
1981
1126
G-QUADRUPLEX MOTIFS IN C MYC PROMOTER REGION AND THE ROLE OF VARIOUS SMALL MOLECULE LIGANDS/PROTEINS IN STABILIZING THIS PROMOTER REGION
One of the essential scientific research concluded that DNA / RNA forms the hereditary or the genomic material in all life forms. The double-helical model given by Watson and Crick further added to the biological findings, and since then, various other DNA structures have been established viz., triple-stranded structures, quadruplexes, higher-order structures such as G-wires, polyads, etc. This re...
1880
1141
BIOTHERAPEUTICS AS DRUGS, ITS DELIVERY ROUTES AND IMPORTANCE OF NOVEL CARRIERS IN BIOTHERAPEUTICS
Biopharmaceuticals or biologics are the therapeutic agents which are biomolecules (DNA, Protein, Peptide, RNA, antibodies) in nature. These are high molecular weight (300-1000000Da) molecules, which deify Lipinski rules. At present, a large portion of the market share is occupied by protein biotherapeutics. However, peptide-based therapeutics is replacing protein biotherapeutics, as the former has...
2039
1241
SMARTPHONE IS IT “BEHAVIOUR ADDICTION OR SUBSTANCE ABUSE DISORDER”: A REVIEW TO FIND CHEMISTRY BEHIND
Several behavioral addictions have been hypothesized as having similarities to substance abuse addictions. The DSM-4-TR has designated formal diagnostic criteria for several addictive disorders classifying them as impulse control disorders, a separate category from substance use disorder. There have been a lot of behavioral addiction studies like tanning, cosmetic surgery, sexual addiction, etc....
2912
1439
A REVIEW OF LIPID-POLYMER HYBRID NANOPARTICLES AS A NEW GENERATION DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
Lipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPNs) are next-generation core-shell nanoparticle structures comprising polymer cores and lipid/lipid–PEG shells, which produce complementary characteristics of both polymeric nanoparticles and liposomes, specifically in terms of their physical stability and biocompatibility. Recently the LPNs have been shown to have superior in vivo cellular delivery effica...
1951
841
ROLE OF POLYMERS IN SUSTAINED RELEASED MICROBEADS FORMULATION: A REVIEW
The aim of this article is to provide a wide-angle prospect of the detailed information of pharmaceutical polymers in sustained released micro-beads dosage forms. Polymers have played an integral role in the advanced drug delivery technology by providing controlled release of therapeutic agents in constant doses over long periods, cyclic dosage, and constant release of both hydrophilic and hydroph...
1948
904
GENETIC BACKGROUND ASSOCIATED WITH THE PROGRESSION OF NON- ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE TO LIVER FIBROSIS
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent cause of chronic liver disease around the world. Individuals with obesity, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance are more likely to develop steatosis; however, it seldom progresses to steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. In addition to the environmental factors, genetic variations further modify NAF...
1057
643
FORMULATION OF MICRO BEADS: A REVIEW
The goal of any drug delivery system is to provide a therapeutic amount of drug to the proper site in the body and also to achieve and maintain the desired drug concentration. This could be achieved through multiparticulate dosage form like beads which are divided into many individual units, so, called subunits, each exhibiting some desired characteristics. Micro particulate drug delivery systems ...
4097
2201
Research Articles
CANDIDATURE OF THE SYNTHETIC CASPASE INHIBITORS AS NEW ANTI-SARS-COV-2 DRUG DISCOVERY, IN-SILICO MOLECULAR DOCKING
The new pandemic virus identified as severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 is the etiological agent responsible for the pneumonia outbreak that ended with respiratory failure. The main protease (MPRO) is a key enzyme for SARS-CoV-2, which plays a pivotal role in mediating viral replication and transcription, making it an attractive drug target for this virus. Here, we determine the mech...
2650
2275
DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT AND SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL CHIRAL DERIVED MOLECULES, POTENTIALLY ACT AS RNA POLYMERASE NSP-12 AND NSP-6/10 COMPLEX INHIBITORS AGAINST COVID-19
Novel Di and Tridentate chiral molecules and its analogues were designed and synthesized in that the chiral amino ester and 2-amino-3, 5-dibromobenzaldhehyde were condensed. Further, it has coupled with Cassic acid to form desired active molecules. The developed compounds are evaluated for molecular docking to check potency and may represent potential drug candidate inhibitors of RNA dependent RNA...
1729
1201
IN-SILICO BINDING AFFINITIES OF ALKALOID COMPOUNDS ON NICOTINIC ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR α3β4 FOR SMOKING CESSATION TREATMENT
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α3β4 is considered as a potential target for anti-smoking drug discovery. In this study, in-silico approaches, including molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation were applied to investigate binding affinities of 300 alkaloids into the α3β4 (Pdb id: 6PV8). The docking results showed that most of the alkaloids fitted well into the binding pocket of α3...
2777
1076
PROTECTIVE ROLE OF MELATONIN AND TAURINE AGAINST TOXICITY INDUCED BY CAFFEINE IN BRAIN BY ABROGATION OF OXIDATIVE STRESS, DECREASE APOPTOSIS, AND ALTERS CEREBRAL MONOAMINE NEUROTRANSMITTERS IN MALE ALBINO RATS
The current study aimed to investigate the protective effects of taurine and melatonin against caffeine-induced brain damage in rats. 36 male albino rats were divided into 6 groups: Group I: control, group II: Rats received 20 mg/kg melatonin for 28 days. Group III: Rats received 50 mg/kg taurine dissolved in distilled water daily for 28 days. Group IV: Rats received 50 mg/kg caffeine dissolved in...
2193
1146
PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION, ANTIOXIDANT AND CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY STUDIES OF ROOT BARK EXTRACTS OF ARTOCARPUS HETEROPHYLLUS LAM.
Plant drugs enjoy much acclaim and worldwide acceptability even in the midst of amazing advancements in modern medicine. Current research in drug discovery from medicinal plants involves an approach combining botanical, phytochemical, and pharmacological techniques. In the present study, we selected the root bark of the plant Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. belonging to the family Moraceae, to estab...
1924
1187
EFFECTS OF TRADITIONAL FORMULATIONS ON EXTRA GASTRIC MUCUS OF RATS
According to Iranian traditional Medicine (ITM) “Monzej” es are applied to mature and eliminate abnormal humor, correct the abnormal temperament and promote the formation of normal humor, restoring the functions of all organs and the natural body force. “Monzej-e-balgham” (applying the above functions on abnormal phlegm, called “Balgham” in ITM, is used to evacuate morbid matters produ...
1146
583
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND PERSISTENT DNA BINDING, ANTI-MICROBIAL AND CYTOTOXICITY STUDIES OF NOVEL COPPER (II) COMPLEXES CONTAINING L-TRYPTOPHAN AND HETEROCYCLIC BASE
The copper (II) complexes, [Cu(phen)(tryp)I] (1), [Cu(phen)(tryp)Cl], (2) [Cu(phen)(tryp)SCN] (where phen = 1,10-phenanthroline and tryp = tryptophan ) has been synthesized and characterized by Infra-red Spectra, UV–Visible Spectra, EPR Spectra and elemental analysis methods. Binding interactions mode of the complexes with calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) were investigated by UV–Vis absorp-tion titrat...
1369
713
CARICA PAPAYA: ANTI-CANCER ACTIVITY IN MCF-7 BREAST CANCER CELL LINE
Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally. Among the group of cancer diseases, breast cancer is the most common type of cancer to affect women. The treatment options that are currently available for this include surgery, radiation therapy and therapy through medication or drugs. But, since all these are harmful and have severe side effects, drugs from natural plant compounds are being d...
3755
953
EVALUATION OF PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF AQUATIC WEED HYDRILLA VERTICILLATA AGAINST LEAD INDUCED ACUTE LIVER TOXICITY IN FISH
The present study is designed to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of Hydrilla verticillata on lead-induced hepatic damage in freshwater fish. The fish were treated with a sub-lethal concentration of lead acetate to induce liver damage and fed with supplementary feed containing 20% of hydrilla dry powder. After 21 days of treatment, the liver was removed, and hepatotoxicity and its preventio...
1192
663
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AND DNA BINDING PROPERTIES OF BIVALENT METAL COMPLEXES WITH CUMINALDEHYDE BENZOYLHYDRAZONE (CABH)
Cobalt(II), nickel(II), copper(II) and zinc(II) complexes having the general formula ML2 (where, L= cuminaldehyde benzoyl-hydrazone, CABH) have been synthesized and characterized based on mass spectra, molar conductivity, FT-IR and UV-Vis spectral data. The complexes are found to be non-electrolytes. FT-IR data suggest that the CABH acts as a uni-negative bidentate ligand. The copper complex is in...
1186
684
NANONEEDLE MEDIATED NONINVASIVE AND PAINLESS TRANSDERMAL DELIVERY OF INSULIN
We have explored the nanoneedles from nanofabrication techniques, which could penetrate both nuclear and cellular membranes of cells. We received the individual nanoneedles with a tip diameter of 220-250 nm and the desired microscale length ~1 to 100 μm, which enable them for transdermal delivery of selective drug molecule by piercing stratum corneum, the outermost layer of skin. These nanoneedle...
1409
763
SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF SOME NOVEL METHYLPYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVES AS AN ANTIDIABETIC AND ANTIHYPERLIPIDEMIC AGENTS
Diabetes and hyperlipidemia become a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases in the world. Hyperlipidemia is a relatively common problem in patients with poorly controlled diabetes. In searching for a new class of antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic agents, many compounds with pyridine moiety have been found to possess good activity against diabetes and hyperlipidemia. The present study was ...
1217
595
RELATED SUBSTANCES BY HPLC METHOD FOR THE DETECTION AND EVALUATION OF IMPURITIES IN EZETIMIBE DRUG MATERIAL
The gradient HPLC method was developed to detect and quantify four related substances (FIP, FHO-2, STG-01, and desfluoro) in ezetimibe drug material. The efficient separation was carried out on Water X-Select CSH C18 column (4.6 mm × 100 mm, 2.5 μm). The impurities were separated in gradient mode of elution with 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid in water (mobile phase A) and 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid in...
4067
1646
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF NITECAPONE IN HUMAN PLASMA USING TOLCAPONE AS INTERNAL STANDARD BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY
The present LC-MS/MS method for estimation of Nitecapone in human plasma using Tolcapone as an internal standard is established and validated as per FDA guidelines. A good response was obtained with ZORBAX Eclipse plus C18 column (150 mm × 4.6 mm ID, 5 μm) and mobile phase with a mixture of 0.01 M Ammonium phosphate buffer with pH adjusted to 5.0 with OPA and Acetonitrile (70:30, v/v) at a flow ...
1096
667
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A STABILITY INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD OF APIXABAN IN COMMERCIAL DOSAGE FORM
The aim of this study is to develop a sensitive, specific, rapid, and precise reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method and validate it for the quantification of process-related and degradation impurities of apixaban; an anticoagulant drug. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Sigma-Aldrich’s Ascentis Express® C18 (4.6 mm × 100 mm, 2.7 µ) HPLC column wi...
2982
1375
A SENSITIVE LC-MS/MS ASSAY FOR THE DETERMINATION OF NAFTOPIDIL IN HUMAN PLASMA AND ITS APPLICATION TO A PHARMACOKINETIC STUDY
A specific, rapid, and sensitive LC-MS/MS assay was developed and validated for the determination of Naftopidil in human plasma. Naftopidil d7 was used as an internal standard (IS). A faster and one-step protein precipitation (PP) technique was employed for sample preparation. The processed samples were chromatographed on a C18 column using ammonium formate (5mM) buffer in combination with acetoni...
1093
663
FORMULATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF CHLORTHALIDONE LOADED NANO-PARTICLES BY ANTISOLVENT PRECIPITATION USING BOX-BEHNKEN DESIGN
Chlorthalidone is a long-acting diuretic recommended for treatment of oedema associated with congestive heart failure. It is oral active diuretic mainly acting on distal convoluted tubule of nephron. Chlorthalidone is poorly soluble in water at room temperature. Nanoparticles have great potential as a carrier and can improve the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs like chlorthalidone. The aim...
1646
974
ANTI-EMETIC POTENTIAL OF PROCHLORPERAZINE TRANSDERMAL PATCH IN MANAGEMENT OF CHEMOTHERAPY INDUCED NAUSEA AND VOMITING
Uncontrolled nausea and vomiting remain one of the greatest fears of patients undergoing therapy for cancer. In patients getting chemotherapy, serious nausea and vomiting may require dose reduction, treatment delay, or even permanent stoppage. Conventional therapy provides temporary relief from symptoms, but it has lots of undesirable side effects. Prochlorperazine is still widely used as an anti-...
1563
781
TEMPERATURE TRIGGERED IN-SITU GELLING SYSTEM FOR OCULAR ANTIVIRAL DRUG
The bioavailability of conventional ophthalmic solutions is very poor due to efficient protective mechanisms of the eye, blinking, reflex lachrymation, and drainage, which remove rapidly various foreign substances, including drug, from the surface of the eye. Frequent installation of a drug solution is necessary to maintain a therapeutic drug level in the tear or at the site of action. The recent ...
1206
646
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF ANAGLIPTIN AND METFORMIN HCL BY SECOND DERIVATIVE METHOD
A Simple, accurate, and precise spectrophotometric method (1st order derivative method) was developed and validated for the estimation of Anagliptin and Metformin HCl in synthetic mixture. In this method, Anagliptin was estimated at 244 nm where Metformin HCl showed zero absorbance. Metformin HCl is estimated at 234 nm at which Anagliptin showed zero absorbance. The method was linear over the conc...
1092
654
IN-VITRO AND IN-VIVO STUDIES OF PHB CAST FILMS BLENDED WITH VARIOUS HERBS AND ITS BIOCOMPATIBLE CHARACTERIZATION
The present study deals with the PHB made cast film with different plant and algal formulations. Its biocompatibility was tested in-vitro and in-vivo. The anti-inflammatory activity was higher in F4 and F5, close to the standard Diclofenac. The F7 and F8 exhibited moderate cytotoxicity, and formulation F2 exhibited low cytotoxicity. The maximum zone of inhibition was exhibited in F5 followed by F4...
1046
608
TWO LAYER MODEL TO SIMULATE TRANSDERMAL DRUG DELIVERY FOR SKIN PSORIASIS
Psoriasis is a non-infectious, dry, inflammatory skin disorder. It results in patches of thick, red skin covered with silvery scales. Transdermal drug delivery is used to deliver drugs through the skin, but the skin is an effective barrier and provides resistance to drug delivery. To improve drug delivery through the skin, permeation enhancers are used. The simulation using the COMSOL software wil...
1362
783
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF RP-HPLC METHOD FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF DAPAGLIFLOZIN AND SAXAGLIPTIN IN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS
An analytical method consists of a detailed, stepwise list of instructions to be followed in the qualitative, quantitative, or structural analysis of a sample for one or more analytes and using a specified technique. A novel, simple, precise, sensitive, and reproducible RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous estimation of Dapagliflozin and Saxagliptin in bulk and pharmaceutical formulation was develo...
1651
961
QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF LACOSAMIDE IN HUMAN PLASMA USING LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY AND ITS APPLICATION TO PHARMACOKINETIC STUDY
A simple, reliable, and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method has been developed and validated for the determination of lacosamide, an antiepileptic drug, in human plasma. The lacosamide and internal standard (IS) have been extracted by a simple liquid-liquid extraction method and separated on C18 (50 × 4.6 mm, 5μm) column with the mobile phase of 5mM ammoniu...
1328
645
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF EUGENOL AGAINST HUMAN PATHOGENIC BACTERIA BY MINIMAL INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION, MINIMAL BACTERICIDAL CONCENTRATION AND DISC-DIFFUSION METHODS
Essential oils from plants have been reported to have antibacterial activity. Essential oil is a mixture of many chemicals, and one or more chemicals in essential oil may have antibacterial activity. In our laboratory, essential oil from the leaves of Ocimum sanctum L. was found to have antibacterial activity against 18 human bacteria. GC-MS analysis of the Ocimum sanctum essential oil revealed th...
1783
749
ANTIUROLITHIATIC ACTIVITY OF LEAF EXTRACTS OF SYZYGIUM JAMBOS (L.) ALSTON AND ITS ZINC NANOPARTICLES: AN IN-VITRO AND IN-VIVO APPROACH
Urolithiasis is one of the painful urologic disorders that occurs in approximately 12% of the global population. Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston (Family: Myrtaceae), commonly known as Rose apple in English and Bogijamun in the Assamese, is an important medicinal plant found extensively in Assam and in the Indian continent. Scientific studies confirmed that the extracts of various parts possess antican...
1559
708
ALLEVIATION EFFECT OF VENTILAGO CALYCULATA AGAINST DEXAMETHASONE DELAYED WOUND HEALING
Suppression of wound repair is a challenge for patients and healthcare workers globally. Excision and incision wounds were created on Wistar albino rats on the back of the experimental animals. The rats were categorized into seven groups (n = 6). The study aimed to determine the effect of topical administration of successive extracts of Ventilago calyculata (stem bark) against dexamethasone-suppre...
1096
583
IN-VITRO ASSESSMENT, ISOLATION AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS OF THE PETROLEUM ETHER EXTRACT OF PUMPKIN SEED
Cucurbita Maxima, commonly known as pumpkin, which belongs to the family Cucurbitaceae, have numerous bio-active compounds such as polyphenols, dietary fibers, carotenoids, and minerals. This seed possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties and can be used in the neuro regenerative effects. In the present paper, an attempt has been made to reveal the phytochemical screening, anti-oxida...
1233
605
COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE PHARMACOKINETICS OF IBUPROFEN ALONE OR IN COMBINATION WITH PIPERINE AND ITS SYNTHETIC DERIVATIVES AS A POTENTIAL BIOENHANCER
Ibuprofen has a higher dose (2000-2400 mg/day) that leads to several adverse effects like stomach upset, headache, bloating, hyperacidity, diarrhea, nausea, constipation, mild heartburn, ringing in your ears, vomiting and blurred vision. Piperine is a natural alkaloid obtained from piper species, principally from Piper longum and Piper nigrum (Family: Piperaceae). Piperine demonstrates excellent b...
1319
632
CYTOPROTECTIVE ROLE OF ENCAPSULATED ASTAXANTHIN AGAINST HEPATO-CELLULAR CARCINOMA (HepG2) CELL LINE
Astaxanthin (3,3′-dihydroxy-β, β′-carotene-4,4′-dione) is a xanthophyll carotenoid, which is found in Haematococcus pluvialis, Chlorella zofingiensis, Chlorococcum, and Phaffiarhodozyma. Astaxanthin play major role as a nutritional supplement, antioxidant and anticancer agent, anti-diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. In our previous study, astaxanthin was fi...
1127
671
SCREENING AND EVALUATION OF ANTIDIABETIC POTENCY OF VERNONIA ARBOREA USING ZEBRAFISH MODEL
Introduction: Vernonia arborea, belonging to the Asteraceae family, found in the Western Ghats of India and Sri Lanka, was traditionally used in wound healing. It is proven that some of the plants of this genus have anti-diabetic properties. e.g., V. amygdalina. So this study was done to screen and to evaluate the anti-diabetic potency of the leaf extract of Vernonia arborea in diabetic Zebrafish ...
1680
845
SCREENING OF POLYHERBAL PLANT EXTRACTS AGAINST CARBOPLATIN INDUCED THROMBOCYTOPENIA IN MICE
Thrombocytopenia, a condition in which platelet count decreases (<150-450 × 109/L), occurs as a result of clinical conditions such as viral infections or cancer or as a side effect of chemotherapy or it can be inherited, but if not treated on time it can be life threaten-ing. So, here we have evaluated the anti-thrombocytopenic potential of three plant extracts (aqueous extracts of Carica papa...
1062
638
PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY OF CALOTROPIS PROCERA (AIT.) R. BR. LEAVES
Calotropis procera (Ait) R. Br. (Asclepiadaceae) is a small, hardy, pubescent, evergreen, erect and compact shrub that grows wild in South-Eastern Asia. It is prescribed to treat anasarca, asthma, ascites, bronchitis, cough, cutaneous diseases, intestinal worms, leprosy, and eczema. A methanolic extract of the leaves of Calotropis procera was subjected to chromatography over silica gel column to i...
1115
786
EVALUATION OF IN-VITRO ANTHELMINTIC POTENTIAL OF UMBELLIFERONE AGAINST PHERETIMA POSTHUMA
Objective: The present study was aimed to evaluate the in-vitro anthelmintic potential of isolated phytoconstituent umbelliferone against Pheretima Posthuma (Indian earthworm). Methods: Three different concentrations (10, 20, 30 mg/ml in Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) of umbelliferone were prepared, and six worms of similar type were placed in it. Observations were made for the time taken for paralysis...
1326
700
PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF PROSOPIS CINERARIA PODS BY GC-MS
This study was aimed to identify the possible bioactive chemical constituents of the state tree of Rajasthan, i.e., Prosopis cineraria L. (locally called Khejri) by GC-MS analysis using the GC-MS equipment (Shimadzu GCMSQP2010). For this purpose, the ethanolic extract of P. cineraria pods were used. Experimental conditions of the GC-MS system were as follows: Rtx-5MS capillary standard non-polar c...
1281
823
A VALIDATED STABILITY-INDICATING RP-LC METHOD FOR PROPYLTHIOURACIL WITH LC-MS STUDIES OF FORCED DEGRADATION PRODUCTS AND SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF ITS IMPURITY
A simple, precise, accurate, sensitive and robust stability-indicating HPLC method for simultaneous estimation of propylthiouracil and its impurity thiourea has been proposed. The separation was achieved on a C18 column (4.6 mm × 150 mm, particle size 5.0 μm) maintained at 45 ºC with a mobile phase composed of water: methanol: acetonitrile (50:35:15 v/v/v) with 0.1% acetic acid and detection wa...
1271
683
ANTI-ULCER ACTIVITY OF PSIDIUM GUAJAVA ON PYLORUS LIGATION INDUCED GASTRIC ULCER IN ALBINO RATS
The present study deals with the phytochemical analysis and evaluation of antibacterial activity of hydroalcohol, acetone, and hexane extracts of the leaves of Psidium guajava. The antimicrobial activity was measured by the agar well diffusion method. Gastric volume, pH, total and free acidity and the ulcerative index was also measured in hydroalcoholic extract of Psidium guajava on gastric ulcer ...
1581
802
EFFECT OF HYDROALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF SIDA SPINOSA L. ON 2,4,6-TRINITRO-BENZENESULFONIC ACID INDUCED ULCERATIVE COLITIS IN RATS
The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Sida spinosa L. (HYSS) in colitis induced in rats by intrarectal administration of TNBS by clinical, morphological and biochemical alterations. The HYSS administered at three different concentrations 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o. and sulfasalazine (50 mg/kg, p.o) as reference standard for 10 days in colitis induced rats. TN...
1027
610
SEPARATION OF STARCH FROM ZINGIBER OFFICINALE (GINGER) AND STUDY IT’S CHARACTERIZATION
Zingiber officinalis belonging to family Zingiberaceae is a plant of ancient cultivation that is traditionally used in several disorders. The principal components of ginger reported are gingerols, shogaols, and high content of starch (40 to 60 %). Not much work has been done on the separation of starch from ginger and its characterization. The main objective of this study was to investigate the po...
2691
957
ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF DIFFERENT PARTS (LEAVES, STEM, FRUIT, SEED, FLOWER AND ROOT) EXTRACTS OF CUCUMIS MELO VAR AGRESTIS
Cucumis melo var agrestis (CMA) is belongs to the family of Cucurbitaceae. This plant is also known as wild musk melon it is widely distributed in the coastal areas. Many of the Cucumis species were reported as antioxidants, but there is no report on the antioxidant activity of CMA. The present study is aimed to evaluate the phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity of different parts (leave...
1191
739
IN-VITRO EVALUATION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS FROM FIVE DIFFERENT MEDICINAL PLANTS
The forest of India is the principal repository of a large number of medicinal and aromatic plants; they are the richest source of bioactive compounds, which are largely collected as raw materials for the manufacture of drugs and perfumery products. The present study deals with five different medicinal plants viz., Polyalthia longifolia, Anonna muricata, Elephendopus scaber, Senna alata, and Hypti...
1087
642
GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF COPPER NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIZED FROM LAWSONIA INERMIS LEAF EXTRACT
Plant diseases caused by microbial pathogen leads to severe economic loss. Attempt to synthesize nanoparticles for this purpose is an economical and effective means to control these pathogens. For this purpose, nanoparticles synthesized via biological means are not only a safer choice but also a big step towards conservation of the integrity of environmental elements. In the present investigation,...
1317
770
EVALUATION OF THE ANTIFUNGAL POTENTIAL OF A. SATIVUM EXTRACT AGAINST PHYTOPATHOGENIC FUNGI
The increasing public concern on the use of synthetic fungicide and resistance development led to an increase in search for alternative control strategies. Medicinal plants serve as therapeutic agents as well as important raw materials for the manufacture of traditional and modern medicine. Considering the vast potential of plants as sources for antimicrobial drugs with reference to antifungal age...
1134
640
ELECTROCHEMICAL SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL SCREENING OF NICKEL OXIDE NANOCLUSTERS
The nanoclusters are having different properties than their bulk material. Hence, the synthesis and applications of nanoclusters of metal oxides have received more attention. Out of many available methods for the synthesis of metal oxide nanoclusters, the electro-chemical reduction method is simple, cheap, and provides pure material hence preferred. The present study describes the synthesis of nic...
1029
538
ESTIMATION OF TOTAL PHENOLIC AND FLAVONOID CONTENT OF SOME CUCURBIT FRUIT PEELS AND IN-VITRO EVALUATION OF THEIR METHANOLIC EXTRACTS FOR ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL
Objective: To analyze In vitro antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid content of methanolic extract of some cucurbit fruit peels. Methods: Phytochemical screening of extracts was carried out. Aluminium chloride colorimetric method was used to estimate TFC (total flavonoid content), and TPC (total phenolic content) was measured by Folin-ciocalteu method. Two different assays- DPPH free ...
1222
658
SYNTHESIS AND IN-VIVO ACTIVITY OF NOVEL ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT BASED ON PYRIDAZINE SCAFFOLD
The main objective of the present research work to synthesize, characterization, and in-vivo evaluation of Pyridazine derivatives. To study the different synthesized derivatives by using different analytical parameters like IR, Mass, and NMR analysis. And also find out the antihypertensive activity. The studies on the hydralazine group drugs led to the synthesis of many Pyridazine derivatives with...
1165
733
BIOLOGICAL SCREENING AND PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF MERREMIA EMARGINATA LEAVES
The dried leaves of Merremia emarginata Burm. F were screened for antitubercular, cytotoxic, and anti-inflammatory activities. The antimycobacterial activity of compounds was assessed against Myco-bacterium tuberculosis using microplate Alamar Blue assay (MABA), and the cytotoxic activity was studied on Hela (Human cervical carcinoma), MCF-7 (Human breast carcinoma) cell lines. A prenylflavonoid, ...
1147
707
EVALUATING PHARMACOGNOSTIC PARAMETERS AND MUTAGENIC ACTIVITY OF KHAYA SENEGALENSIS (DESR.) A. JUSS.
The stem bark of Khaya senegalensis, known as mahogany is commonly sold on the Ghanaian market for the treatment of numerous ailments. To ensure its safe and efficacious use, there is a need to ensure that this plant material is of the best quality. Quality will involve ensuring its identity, purity and content are up to recommended standards by applying available and relevant methods. As a means ...
1059
714
PROTEIN PROFILING AND ISOLATION OF BIOACTIVE HYDROLYSATES WITH ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY FROM STEM CALLUS TISSUE OF TINOSPORA CORDIFOLIA (WILLD.) MIERS EXPOSED TO CYCLODEXTRIN
This study is aimed to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of cyclodextrin, an auxin stabilizing agent, on callus growth from the stem explants of Tinospora cordifolia and to assess the antioxidant properties of the bioactive hydrolysates of callus tissue using chymotrypsin, trypsin, pepsin, and papain. Cyclodextrin exerted a dose- and time-dependent effect on the callus growth. α-c...
1107
608
EMPIRICAL OPTIMIZATION OF CULTURE CONDITIONS FOR L-GLUTAMIC ACID PRODUCTION BY CORYNEBACTERIUM GLUTAMICUM X680
The present investigation was undertaken to improve L-glutamic acid production by a biotin auxotrophic mutant Coryne-bacterium glutamicum X680. For this purpose, culture conditions were optimized. In this regard, different physical and nutritional parameters were examined. The culture was incubated in 100 ml Erlenmeyer conical flasks in an incubator with a shaker at 150rpm. Maximum production was ...
1278
682
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A NEW HPLC METHOD FOR THE DETECTION OF SONIDEGIB IN MOBILE PHASE AND HUMAN PLASMA
The main aim of the present research work is to develop a sensitive, precise and accurate HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography) procedure for the selective estimation of sonidegib in both human plasma and mobile phase. An isocratic separation of sonidegib through a 5µ Zorbax C-18 analytical column with the dimensions of 25 cm × 4.6 mm utilizing mobile phase composition of methanol, water...
1074
569
EVALUATION OF WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY OF HYDROALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF FICUS GLOMERATA ON WISTAR ALBINO RATS
Traditionally, Ficus glomerata is used for wound healing activity. Since no detailed scientific data are available regarding the wound-healing activity of F. glomerata, the present study was designed to explore the effect of hydro-alcoholic leaf extract of Ficus glomerata (HEFG) on experimentally induced excision and incision wound models in Wistar rats. The wound-healing efficacy of Hydroalcoho...
1102
592
FABRICATION OF CHITOSAN ALGINATE NANOPARTICLE BASED FIBRE OPTIC BIOSENSOR
In this work, a highly sensitive and selective nanoparticle-based fluorometric biosensor has been reported for the detection of asparagine levels. The L-asparaginase loaded chitosan alginate nanoparticles of size 396 nm with 600 µL of L-asparaginase (44.4 IU/mg) showing 83.5% entrapment efficiency was fabricated via ionic gelation method. In the presence of enzyme L-asparaginase (biocomponent) th...
1210
609
STUDY OF ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES AND PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF SPHAGNETICOLA TRILOBATA L. LEAVES EXTRACT
Sphagneticola trilobata L. has been used to treat various diseases in worldwide. This study investigated the antioxidant activity and phytochemical constituents in chloroform and ethanol extract of Sphagneticola trilobata L. The extract of Sphagneticola trilobata L. was screened for antioxidant potential through DPPH assay, FRAP radical scavenging assay and phytochemical analysis was carried out f...
1439
819
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF SOME NOVEL BENZOTHIAZOLE ANALOGS AS POTENTIAL ANTITUBERCULAR AGENTS
Benzthiazole, Chalcones, and their analogs have a wide variety of biological activities like antihelminthic, antifungal, antibacterial, anti-diabetic, anti-tubercular, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, diuretic etc., In the present research work, an effort has been made to synthesize some new series of novel benzothiazole linked chalcones from 3-amino-acetophenone and potassium thiocyanate which ...
1194
680
ANTI-CANCER POTENTIAL OF MORUSINDICA HYBRID VARIETIES IN HT-29 CANCER CELL LINES: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY
Complementary alternative medicine focuses on discovering the potential of plants in prevention and management of chronic diseases. Although Morus species has been screened for various biological activities, studies reporting the pharmacological effects of Morus indica (MI) hybrid varieties viz., V1 and S36 is scarce. This study focused on screening the phytochemical composition of Morus indica V1...
1190
586
EVALUATION OF ANALGESIC & ANTI-INFLAMMATORY PROPERTY OF POLYHERBAL FORMULATION IN WISTER RAT
Introduction: Currently used analgesic agents are opioids & NSAID. All of these are associated with certain adverse effects, so research in new potent herbal formulations is urgently needed. Therefore a polyherbal formulation from seven well-known herbs that had been already individually tested for its analgesic & anti-inflammatory property was prepared, thinking that synergistically it wo...
1229
653
ANTIMICROBIAL PROTEINS/PEPTIDES ISOLATED FROM TWO CULTIVARS OF BOUGAINVILLEA
The rapid increase in multi-drug resistance (MDR) infections present a challenge in the development of therapies against them. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) can be the answer to this challenge. AMPs play an important role in host defense mechanisms. Plants are the precious source of natural antimicrobial molecules, including antimicrobial peptides known as Plant Antimicrobial Peptides (PAMPs). The...
1421
721
VALIDATING THE PROPERTIES OF NYMPHAEA PUBESCENS WILLD. BY PERFORMING UV-VIS, TLC, FTIR AND HPLC ANALYSES
Introduction: Nymphaea pubescens Willd. is one of the well-known medicinal plants, being used from ancient times in India and commonly called “Kumuda”. It is an aquatic perennial herb. It has leaves having a smooth upper side, a strong root, and a branched rhizome. According to Bentham and Hooker classification “Genera Plantarum”, this plant belongs to the division Polypetale of Dicotyledo...
1176
606
GREENING THE INDIAN PHARMACEUTICAL SUPPLY CHAIN: A STEP TOWARDS SUSTAINABILITY
Environmental management is becoming the need of the hour due to rising pollution and environmental hazards. Incorporating green thinking into an organization will not serve the purpose in entirety. Therefore, we need to move towards greening the entire supply chain, here termed as Green supply chain management (GSCM). Adopting green supply chain management practices has been argued to enhance the...
1745
741
EFFECT OF CHROMIUM ON MORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL RESPONSES ON AQUATIC MACROPHYTE PISTIA STRATIOTES L. (WATER LETTUCE)
The current work reports an ecofriendly approach to study morphological and biochemical responses of Pistia stratiotes L. (Water lettuce) were investigated. The assessment of morphological, biochemical parameters, and accumulation of chromium in free-floating macrophyte exposed at its various concentrations viz. 0.25, 0.50, 1.25, and 2.5 ppm of chromium at the regular intervals of 4, 8, and 12 day...
1135
593
STUDY ON A NOVEL ACTINOMYCETE, STREPTOMYCES GANCIDICUS (MF464014) AND ENHANCING ITS TANNASE PRODUCING ABILITY BY OPTIMIZING GROWTH CONDITIONS IN SUBMERGED FERMENTATION
Tannase (Tannin acylhydrolase E. C. 3.1.1.20) is a ubiquitous enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ester and depside bonds of hydrolyzable tannins, releasing glucose and gallic acid. Gallic acid is used in the food industry as a substrate for the chemical synthesis of food preservatives such as gallates and pyrogallol, propyl gallate being a very important food antioxidant and in the pharmaceutical ...
1193
690
DETECTION OF HUMAN NOROVIRUS IN ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS CASES FROM NORTH INDIAN PEDIATRIC POPULATION
Introduction: Human Norovirus (HuNoV) is the major cause of acute gastroenteritis in pediatric populations, accounting for approximately 18% of cases worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence rate and characterization of genogroup in the pediatric population with gastrointestinal disease. Materials and Methods: A total of 205 fecal specimens were taken from children below 15...
1198
609
PROBIOTIC POTENTIAL AND STRESS TOLERANCE IN LACTOBACILLUS MU1008 ISOLATED FROM CHILLED YOGURT SAMPLES OF MAJMAAH
In recent years, scientific research has confirmed the presence of large amounts of probiotic Lactobacillus sp. in fermented dairy products, which shows a positive impact on human health. This study was designed to isolate Lactobacillus with probiotic potential from local and commercial samples. 40 Lactobacilli strained were isolated from commercial and local yogurt samples by tenfold dilution p...
1736
593
SCREENING OF BIOACTIVE PHYTOCHEMICALS FOR THEIR ANTI-ALLERGIC ACTIVITY ON GUINEA PIGS AGAINST NON-IMMUNOLOGICAL CONTACT URTICARIA
Pharmacological screening of selective phytochemicals for common skin allergic disorder, which is defined by the occurrence of itchy and even painful wheels, angioedema or erthyma (Urticaria). The main cause of allergic reactions is chemicals, certain foods, insect stings, which often lead to the cause of histamine release, then the tiny blood vessels (capillaries) leak fluid. For induction of urt...
1238
595
GC-MS ANALYSIS OF OIL FROM LAVANDULA LATIFOLIA L. AND ITS REPELLENT ACTIVITY AGAINST MOSQUITO
Mosquitoes are one of the important vectors of various diseases. Repellent activity significantly reduces contact with disease-transmitting mosquitoes. Essential oils have repellent activity that is being potentially developed as an alternative to commercial chemical pesticides. In this study, Lavandula angustifolia was used to evaluate its repellent activity against Ae. Aegypti. The repellent act...
1279
842
PREVALENCE OF METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS (MRSA) IN CLINICAL SPECIMENS AND AMONG HOSPITAL STAFF NASAL CARRIERS IN KHARTOUM STATE
Staphylococcus aureus is a bacteria that causes a heavy epidemic disease burden worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and the presence of mecA gene as a virulence factor of S. aureus isolates from clinical isolates and hospital staff nasal carriers using a conventional PCR. A cross-sectional study involving eighty-one S. aur...
1191
577
QUALITATIVE, QUANTITATIVE EXPLORATION OF PHYTOCHEMICALS AND DETERMINATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF SARGASSUM WIGHTII
Marine carbohydrates play a crucial role in drug development and disease eradication as it is suggested as a promising bioactive material for its various properties. Seaweeds are the marine macroalgal source that contains a large amount of sulfated polysaccharides. Sargassum wightii (S. wightii) is one of the seaweed which possesses a wide range of pharmacological actions. The aim of the present w...
1157
683
COMPARATIVE INVESTIGATION OF TOXICOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC AND SPECIFIC BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF THE MEDIUM-CHAIN ALIPHATIC MONO- AND DIPEROXYCARBOXYLIC ACIDS
The comparative toxicological characteristic in-vitro and antimicrobial activity to perform stability tests of several linear medium-chain aliphatic monoperoxyacids (perC8–C12) and aliphatic diperoxyacid (diperC9) were studied. Substances of peroxide acids: perС8, perС10, perС12, diperoxyazelaic acid (diperC9) are in 5.6; 22.8; 64 and 1.6 times less toxic than reference substance - peracetic ...
1038
626