Volume 5 (2014) - Issue 10, October
Review Articles
PRESENCE OF ORGANIC IMPURITIES INTO ACTIVE PHARMACEUTICAL INGREDIENTS: A REVIEW
The presence of an excess amount of pharmaceutical impurities in active pharmaceutical ingredients and control of these are a major issue for all pharmaceutical companies. It is essential to know the presence of impurities in the drug substances and control them up to a certain level to avoid adverse effects. Impurities in organic drug molecules can be developed during organic synthesis, formulati...
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A REVIEW ON ANTIASTHMATIC ACTIVITY OF TRADITIONAL MEDICINAL PLANTS
Plants have played an important role as various medicinal agents since ages. Medicinal herbs have been used in one form or another, under indigenous systems of medicine like Ayurveda, Siddha, and Unani. The knowledge of Indian medicinal plants and their uses in the Ayurvedic and Unani system of medicine have led to many scientific investigations and researches throughout the world. Asthma is a com...
10228
3204
A REVIEW: ROLE OF DOXORUBICIN IN TREATMENT OF CANCER
Cancer is a very complex genetic disorder that is mainly caused by carcinogens. Carcinogens can be present in the air, water, food, chemicals, and sunlight that are exposed to the people. In the case of leukemia, the body produces large numbers of abnormal white blood cells. In the study of blood cancer that is leukemia, blood disorders through visual inspection of microscopic images of blood cell...
10113
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SAFETY AND ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY OF GEFITINIB: AN OVERVIEW
Gefitinib is an epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, a promising anticancer agent for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), especially in EGFR mutated patients. It acts by interfering with the proliferation and survival of cancer cells and other host-dependent process promoting cancer cell growth by blocking signal transduction p...
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Research Articles
MOLECULAR MODELLING, 3D-QSAR, AND DRUG DOCKING STUDIES ON THE ROLE OF NATURAL ANTICOAGULANT COMPOUNDS IN ANTITHROMBOTIC THERAPY
Thromboembolic disorders are the leading cause of human mortality. Therefore, development of effective anticoagulant therapy is critical. Factor XIIIA (FXIIIA) protein is a crucial factor in the blood coagulation cascade, and hence, it is a vital target for the evolution of new antithrombotic agents. Structure-function studies of clotting factor active sites, clot formation, and thrombus structure...
3313
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EFFECT OF HIPPOPHAE RHAMNOIDES ON COGNITIVE ENHANCEMENT VIA NEUROCHEMICAL MODULATION IN SCOPOLAMINE INDUCED SPRAGUE DAWELY RATS
Hippophae rhamnoides, is known well for its cardioprotective, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant property; hence an effort was taken to evaluate its neuroprotective effect on scopolamine-induced neurochemical impairment and cognitive dysfunction. Male Sprague Dawley rats were induced with 2 mg/kg body weight of scopolamine as a single dose for 14 days, along with test formulation for four weeks and...
3883
1039
AVERTING CANCER EFFECT OF PARACETAMOL AND PHENACETIN BY N-ACETYLCYSTEINE AND ITS ANALOGUES
Comparative DFT calculations have been studied for Paracetamol (PA) and its analog Phenacetin (PH) to verify their electronic resemblance. DFT studies concluded that PA and PH have the lower energy predominant trans conformers with respect the cis-conformers. From TD-DFT studies, the electronic transition energies between the ground state and singlet excited states for the two conformers have been...
3201
1076
ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY AND POTENTIAL MECHANISM OF MUKIA MADERASPATANA LINN. IN RATS INDUCED BY HIGH FAT DIET AND LOW DOSE STZ
To evaluate the anti-diabetic effects of the Mukia maderaspatana Linn. (MML), and to explore the possible mechanism. High-fat diet and STZ (35 mg/kg) induced diabetic rats were administered with MML at two dose levels (200 and 400 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 21 days. Fasting blood glucose, lipid and lipoprotein levels such as triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol...
3698
1078
STUDY OF DIFFERENT PROCESSING PARAMETERS FOR POLYLACTIC ACID MICROSPHERES FORMULATIONS
To evaluate the effects of different processing parameters on drug-loaded microspheres, the solvent evaporation technique was chosen as the formulation method. Indomethacin-loaded Polylactic acid microspheres were prepared by varying drug masses, then by changing the stirring speed. They were analyzed for their drug content, physical morphology, size, polymer-drug physicochemical compatibility, an...
3085
942
PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF CRUDE EXTRACT OF LEPIDIUM SATIVIUM SEEDS GROWN IN ETHIOPIA
Lepidium sativum Linn. locally known as 'fetto' is a fast-growing edible herb which belongs to the family Brassicaceae is traditionally used for the treatment of various human ailments including cold, headache, colic, abdominal pain, dysentery, swellings and aphrodisiac in Ethiopia. Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activities were conducted on seeds of Lepidium sativium grown in Ethiopia....
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SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF AMBROXOL HYDROCHLORIDE IN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS USING PDAB REAGENT
A simple, sensitive, cost-effective spectrophotometric method has been developed and validated for the determination of Ambroxol hydrochloride (AMB), in bulk drug and its pharmaceutical formulations. The method is based on the formation of a Schiff base with PDAB; the reaction of drug with reagent gives a bright yellow color. The so formed colored species absorbance was measured at its absorption ...
4665
1359
DEVELOPMENT OF ECONOMIC TRANSDERMAL PATCHES CONTAINING LORNOXICAM FOR TREATMENT OF ACUTE AND CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY MODELS IN ALBINO RATS (A PRECLINICAL STUDY)
Objective: To formulate economic transdermal patch of lornoxicam (LX) and to study its anti-inflammatory activity on acute and chronic inflammatory in rat models. Method: Three LX transdermal patches (F1, F2, and F3) consist of Eudragit RL-100, and RS-100 in three different ratios (1:2, 1:1 and 2:1) were prepared respectively by the solvent evaporation technique. All formulations contain diethyl p...
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999
SPONTANEOUS REPORTING OF ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS IN UAE: OBSTACLES AND MOTIVATION AMONG COMMUNITY PHARMACISTS
Spontaneous reporting of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is a broadly experienced technique of practicing pharmacovigilance (PV) activity. However, the progression of pharmacovigilance programs is limited by under-reporting of ADRs, as it is considered one of the major problems associated with PV programs development. This is the first study of its kind in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) that exami...
3282
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HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF A STANDARDIZED POLY- HERBAL LIVER FORMULATION
The present study compiled the formulation and standardization of polyherbal liver syrup named “LivPro” followed by in-vivo and in-vitro hepatoprotective activity in CCl4 intoxicated rat. LivPro was formulated by using the lyophilized ethanolic extract of A. millefolium, C. spinosa, C. intybus, and P. kurroa. Further, the standardization of LivPro was performed following the guidelines of WHO ...
3459
1311
SERUM LEVELS OF SELENIUM IN UNCOMPLICATED TYPE-2 DIABETIC PATIENTS AND HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS
Selenium (Se) plays a vital role in maintaining the body’s homeostasis. Selenoproteins have been found to play an integral role in the body’s defense against oxidative stress. Type-2 diabetes mellitus is considered as an inflammatory state with high oxidative load and is one of the major chronic diseases prevalent in Pakistan. Serum levels of selenium in type 2 diabetic patients and healthy in...
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861
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF SUSTAINED RELEASE MATRIX TABLETS OF AMBROXOL HYDROCHLORIDE USING NATURAL POLYMER
Ambroxol hydrochloride is a potent mucolytic agent capable of inducing bronchial secretions used in the treatment of respiratory disorders. The Sustained release matrix tablets containing 75 mg Ambroxol hydrochloride were developed using different drug: polymer ratios. Sustained release matrix tablets were prepared by wet granulation method. Granules were prepared and evaluated for loose bulk dens...
4583
1614
STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS OF LACTOBACILLUS RHAMNOSUS PROTEINS UNDER COPPER SULPHATE AND ZINC CHLORIDE STRESS
Lactobacillus rhamnosus plays an important role as probiotic often associated with beneficial health effects. Although copper and zinc are trace metals, they are toxic at high concentrations. In this paper, bioinformatic tools and molecular modeling approach was adopted to explore the structure of L. rhamnosus under copper sulfate and zinc chloride stress. The differentially expressed proteins un...
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DOSE-DEPENDENT EFFECT OF WITHANIA SOMNIFERA ON THE CHOLINERGIC SYSTEM IN SCOPOLAMINE-INDUCED ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE IN RATS
The present study was aimed to determine whether the methanol and aqueous extracts from the medicinal plant, Withania somnifera (root), could inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in scopolamine-induced Alzheimer’s rats. The rats were randomly divided into different groups of 5 each: normal control rats treated with saline; Scopolamine (2mg/Kg b.w. i.p.) – induced Alzheimer’s rats treated with...
3139
1128
ANTIFUNGAL GLYCEROGELATIN: ATTEMPT AT FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF A POTENTIAL TRANSUNGUAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
Onychomycosis representing about 30% of mycotic cutaneous infections is the fungal infection that affects the nails. Although not life-threatening, it adversely affects the psychology of the patient whose nails become yellow, discolored, brittle, and unsightly. It may also pose serious problems in immunocompromised individuals. The current market of products for the treatment of onychomycosis incl...
5722
1591
IN VITRO STUDIES OF IMMUNOMODULATORY AND FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITIES OF FLAVONOID ISOLATED FROM MIMOSA PUDICA
Flavonoid isolated from Mimosa pudica was evaluated for its radical scavenging and immunomodulatory activities in-vitro. Aim of this study is to isolate flavonoid from Mimosa pudica and to determine its antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties. Flavonoid was isolated from dried samples of Mimosa pudica using soxhlet extraction in 80% methanol and purified by column chromatography. Various tests...
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3202
PHARMACOKINETIC AND PHARMACODYNAMIC INTERACTIONS OF ATORVASTATIN WITH GUGGULSTERONE IN HYPERLIPIDEMIC RATS
Atorvastatin is an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor used in the treatment of hyperlipidemia. Guggulsterone is a herbal product used in hyperlipidemia. The present work was aimed to study the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions of atorvastatin with guggulsterone in hyperlipidemic rats. Wistar albino rats with induced hyperlipidemia were divided into six groups (n=6). Blood samples were coll...
3674
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ANTIHYPERLIPIDEMIC ACTIVITY OF ALCOHOLIC EXTRACTS OF TRICHOSANTHES ANGUINA IN TRITON WR 1339 INDUCED HYPERLIPIDEMIC RATS
Hyperlipidemia is one of the major risk factors for coronary heart diseases. In this study, the antihyperlipidemic activity of methanolic extract of fruits of Trichosanthes anguina Linn. (META) against Triton WR 1339 induced hyperlipidemia in rats was evaluated. META was administered at doses of 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) to Triton induced hyperlipidemic rats. Atorvastatin was used...
3546
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HEPATOPROTECTIVE POTENTIAL OF AQUEOUS AND ETHANOLIC STEM-BARK EXTRACTS OF PONGAMIA PINNATA AGAINST PARACETAMOL INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN RATS
Introduction: Pongamia pinnata is commonly known as karanja. In Ayurvedic and Unani system of medicine, it has been used as anti-inflammatory, antiplasmodial, anti-nociceptive, anti-hyperglycaemic, anti-lipid oxidative, anti-diarrheal, anti-ulcer, anti-hyperammonemic, antioxidant, etc. Moreover, it has been used traditionally in the treatment of liver disorders. However, there are no scientific ba...
2718
876
SIMULTANEOUS QUANTIFICATION OF THREE NAPHTHOQUINONES FROM IMPATIENS BALSAMINA L. LEAVES USING VALIDATED RP-HPLC METHOD
Impatiens balsamina belonging to family Balsaminaceae is commonly known as terda. The plant has an extensive range of phyto-constituents like naphthoquinones, coumarins, glycosides, phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanidins and steroids which have effective antimicrobial, anti-anaphylaxis, anti-allergic, antipruritic, and anti-inflammatory activity. Potent naphthoquinones like lawsone, methylene-...
3132
1020
EVALUATION OF THE ANTICONVULSANT ACTIVITY OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF PSIDIUM GUAJAVA (GUAVA LEAVES) IN ALBINO MICE
Objective: To evaluate the anticonvulsant activity of ethanolic extract (200mg/kg & 400mg/kg) of Psidium guajava (guava leaves) in albino mice. Methods: Albino mice (25-30gms) of either sex were randomly selected and divided into 4 groups of 6 mice each, Group I (control) – Distilled water (vehicle) 1ml, Group II (Standard) – Valproic acid (40mg/kg), Group III - T1, ethanolic extract of Ps...
4892
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ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE TOWARDS BIRTH PREPAREDNESS AND COMPLICATION READINESS AMONG WOMEN IN MEKELLE, NORTHERN ETHIOPIA: DESCRPTIVE CROSSECTIONAL
Background: Birth preparedness and complication readiness (BP/CR) are interventions designed to address the delays by encouraging pregnant women, their families, and communities to effectively plan for births and prepare for emergencies. Objective: To assess the knowledge and practice towards birth preparedness and complication readiness among women in Mekelle town, 2013. Methods and Materials: A ...
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PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF COCCINIA GRANDIS LEAF EXTRACT: BEHAVIOURAL, ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL, BIOCHEMICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL FEATURES OF DIABETIC NEUROPATHY
Present study aimed to evaluate the nociceptive, neuro-muscular coordination, electrophysiological, biochemical, and histological features of diabetic neuropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and the protective effects of Coccinia grandis leaf methanolic extract. Coccinia grandis (200 mg/kg per day) was given to diabetic rats for 3 weeks. Metformin (150 mg/kg body weight) was used as sta...
3467
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DETERMINATION OF HEAVY METALS IN FIVE MAJOR INGREDIENTS OF HERBAL MEDICINES
Ayurvedic Medicine originated in India more than 2000 years ago and relied heavily on herbal medicine products. Approximately 80% of India’s 1 billion populations use Ayurveda through more than one-half million Ayurvedic practitioners working in 2860 Ayurvedic hospitals and 22100 clinics. Ayurveda’s popularity in Western countries has increased. There are several reports of adverse effects of ...
7989
1517
A SURVEY ON LINE OF MANAGEMENT OF HYPERTENSION BY PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PHYSICIANS IN PUDUDCHERRY
Hypertension is one of the most important public health problems globally. If the blood pressure is effectively controlled, many of the disastrous complications of hypertension such as myocardial infarction, stroke, kidney failure, heart failure, and death can be prevented or delayed. Patients usually attend the family physicians first for any illness they are suffering, including hypertension. He...
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ANTI-ASPERGILLUS ACTIVITY OF LANTANA CAMARA LINN.
Herbal fungicides are gaining great interest because of their cost-effective and eco-friendly attributes. If this antifungal potency resides in weeds, it will be a great advantage because of their large population and to effectively develop a novel drug from weeds being considered as waste material. The present study aims to assess the anti-aspergillus activity of a common weed Lantana camara. The...
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METAPHORICAL QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP (2D & 3D-QSAR) ANALYSIS OF TYLOPHORINE DERIVATIVES AS EFFICACIOUS IN ANTIMALARIAL DRUG DESIGN
Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) for tylophorine derivatives acting as Plasmodium kinases inhibitors has been developed. The proposed 2D-QSAR model was found to be statistically significant concerning training, cross-validation, and external validation. The contribution of carbon chains with aromatic and electronegative features are found to be the most important descriptors in ...
2950
1023
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERISATION OF BIO-INORGANIC TRANSITION METAL COMPLEXES DERIVED FROM NOVEL BIGINELLI ADDUCT COUPLED SCHIFF’S BASES
Novel Schiff base comprising 4-aminoantipyrine with Biginelli adducts of salicylaldehyde has been designed and synthesized. Solid metal complexes of this Schiff base with Ni(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) metal ions were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, magnetic susceptibility, molar conductance, ESI mass, IR, NMR, and UV-Vis spectral studies. From the data, it has been observe...
3647
1931
FRUITS OF SCINDAPSUS OFFICINALIS ATTENUATES PYLORUS LIGATION INDUCED ULCER IN RATS
Objective: Scindapsus officinalis has been reported to have antioxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antihistaminic activity. Peptic ulcer disease involves inflammation and oxidative stress. So, the present study was carried out to evaluate the potential of hydroalcoholic extract of Scindapsus officinalis fruits as an antiulcer agent. Materials and Methods: In this pharmacolog...
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EVALUATION OF IMMUNOMODULATORY ACTIVITY OF THE FLAVANOID OF KIGELIA AFRICANA
Objective: Modulation of the immune responses to alleviate the diseases has been of interest for many years. Thus, a real need exists to protect our immune systems and lead healthier lives. Hence the present study is aimed to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of the Flavonoid of Kigelia africana (Family: Bignoniaceae). Methods: The assessment of immunomodulatory activity on cell-mediated and ...
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SCREENING OF PHENOLIC CONTENT, ANTIOXIDANT AND IN VITRO EYE IRRITATION ACTIVITIES FROM APIACEAE FAMILY (DRY SEEDS) FOR POTENTIAL COSMETIC APPLICATIONS
Cosmetic applications of spices and herbs are well recognized. Apart from preservative and antimicrobial activities, spices display copious antioxidant activity. Inclusion of these antioxidants in topical supplements has proved to be effective against oxidative aging. However, food and contact allergy to most spices make it mandatory to screen for skin and eye irritation activities before cosmetic...
3553
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FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF SUSTAINED RELEASE FLOATING TABLETS OF LORATADINE
Loratadine a long-acting tricyclic antihistamine with selective peripheral histamine H1-receptor antagonistic activity, is used for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions like runny nose, itchy or watery eyes, sneezing and nasal or throat itching and chronic urticaria. It is stable in acidic pH, has a narrow therapeutic absorption window in the GI tract and found to be absorbed in the proxi...
6237
1855
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF SOME NEWLY 1, 2, 4-TRIAZOLE DERIVATIVES
A series of 1-(2-(4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)ethylamino)-3-ch-loro-4-(5-methoxy/ehthoxy-2-substituted alkyl/aryl-1H-indol-3-yl)azeti-dinones (4a-4h) and 1-(2-(4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl) ethylamino)-3-chloro-4-(5-methoxy/ethoxy-2-substituted alkyl/aryl-1H-indol-3-yl) thiazolidi-nones (5a-5h) have been synthesized by the reaction of 3-((2-(2-(4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)ethyl)hydrazono)methyl)-5-methoxy/ethoxy-2-s...
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IN-VITRO ANTI-INFLAMMATORY SCREENING OF A POLY HERBAL SIDDHA MEDICINE, “ASHWATHI CHOORANAM”
Siddha is one among the ancient systems of Indian medicine. Its reliability lies in the fact that it is time-tested, devoid of any drastic adverse effects and deep-rooted in the culture and heritage of India. The role of this system in treating chronic diseases is being widely felt nowadays. The challenges in treating such conditions with the currently available drugs (Non-Steroidal Anti-inflamm...
4179
1728
PHYTOCHEMICAL, ANTIOXIDANT AND CYTOTOXICITY STUDY OF THE METHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF LEAVES OF TRAPA BISPINOSA ROXB.
About 80% of the population living in rural areas in developing countries depends on traditional medicine for their health care needs. Many of the powerful drugs used in modern medicines originated in plants. Today’s plant-based drugs treat a range of diseases, from headaches to cancer. The objective of the present study was to evaluate phytochemical, antioxidant potential, and cytotoxicity of m...
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1362
IMPACT OF GEOGRAPHIC VARIATION ON PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF NEEM (AZADIRACHTA INDICA) SEED OIL
The applications of the seed oil are defined by its quality through many factors, including seed origin. The study aims to investigate the physicochemical characteristics to compare the oil quality of plant Azadirachta indica (Family: Meliaceae), grown in different geographical areas, Malaysia, and Sudan. Oils were extracted through the Soxhlet method via hexane for the duration of 6 h. The charac...
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1558
CONSERVED WATER MIMIC INHIBITOR DESIGN FOR hIMPDH (INOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE): MD SIMULATION AND DOCKING STUDIES OF IMP-ANALOGS
Inosine Monophosphate Dehydrogenase (IMPDH) plays a very important role in Guanosine Monophosphate (GMP) biosynthesis. Type I hIMPDH is expressed at lower levels in all cells, whereas type II is especially observed in acute myelogenous leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia cancer cells, so it is thought to be an active target for leukemic drug design. MD-simulation studies of the solvated modeled...
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ASSESSMENT OF FOOD, ETHNOBOTANICAL AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF TRICHOSANTHES CUCUMIRINA L.
Trichosanthes cucumirina L., locally known as “Chachindra” among the tribal and rural mass of Similipal Biosphere Reserve (SBR) forest. Plant parts are used as ethnomedicine among inhabitants of SBR. They use the fruits, leaves, and roots against various diseases and traditional practices are continuing since long. Leaves are used against microbial infections, roots against diabetic and fruits...
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IN VITRO ANTICANCER ACTIVITY AND PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF BACOPA MONNIERI (L.) WETTST.
Plants have played a significant role in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases for the last many decades. Natural products have been rediscovered as important tools for drug development despite advances in combinatorial chemistry. Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. (Scrophulariaceae) is a herbaceous plant traditionally used from time immemorial in Ayurvedic and folklore medicines. The various ...
9691
2748
WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY OF URSOLIC ACID STEAROYL GLUCOSIDE (UASG) ISOLATED FROM LANTANA CAMARA L.
Lantana camara L. is regarded as a notorious weed and has found several practices in folk medicine in many parts of the world. Leaves of Lantana camara L. is traditionally used for cuts, swellings, and burns for their healing property. The leaves are found to contain various chemical constituents such as monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, triterpenes, and glycosides. In the present study, Ursolic acid ...
3165
1173
PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF SOME WILD MEDICINAL PLANTS OF THE WESTERN MEDITERRANEAN COASTAL REGION, EGYPT
Four wild plant species (Chrysthanthemum cornarium, Capparis spinosa, Carthamus lanatus, Haplophyllum tuberculatum) were investigated for their antioxidant activity, phenolic and flavonoid contents of their methanolic extracts. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was assessed their free radical scavenging properties using DPPH. Total phenolics and total flavonoids were detected by spectrophot...
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977
IN VITRO ASSESSMENT OF ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIPROLIFERATIVE EFFICACY OF ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA
The present study investigated the antioxidant and antiproliferative efficacy of Andrographis paniculata, a well-known medicinal plant, using in-vitro systems. The dried leaves of A. paniculata were powdered and subjected to successive solvent extraction taking from polar to non-polar solvents (descending polarity) and simultaneously from non-polar to polar solvents (ascending polarity). Solvents ...
3524
1378
DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF COMPRESSION COATED TIMED-RELEASE TABLETS OF CANDESARTAN CILEXETIL FOR CHRONOTHERAPY OF HYPERTENSION
Chronotherapy involves the release of drug to the systemic circulation based on the circadian rhythm associated with the pathophysiology of a disease. Candesartan Cilexetil, an anti-hypertensive drug, is formulated to contribute to the chronotherapy of hypertension. Solubility study of the drug (BCS Class II) in various media indicated maximum solubility in pH 6.8 sodium phosphate buffer containin...
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ENHANCEMENT OF AQUEOUS SOLUBILITY AND DISSOLUTION OF TELMISARTAN USING SOLID DISPERSION TECHNIQUE
The present study was aimed to improve the water solubility and bioavailability of telmisartan by solid dispersion technique. Telmisartan is 4'-[(1,4'-dimethyl-2'-propyl[2,6'-bi-1H-benzimidazol]-1 '- yl) methyl]- [1, 1'-biphenyl]- 2- carboxylic acid. Telmisartan is practically insoluble in water. Telmisartan is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist (ARB), used in the management of hypertension. So...
5786
2114
EXTRACTION OF URSOLIC ACID FROM OCIMUM SANCTUM AND SYNTHESIS OF ITS DERIVATIVES: COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ANTI-OXIDANT ACTIVITIES
The objective of this study was to extract ursolic acid (UA) from Ocimum sanctum, to synthesize its derivatives and to examine the improvement of the antioxidative activity. Present work involved structural modification of UA at the C-3 and C-28 positions. UA derivatives, namely UA-4 and UA-7 with distinct property were synthesized. Comparative evaluation of antioxidant activity of UA, UA-4 and UA...
3190
1233
IN-VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF EDIBLE OILS AGAINST HUMAN PATHOGENS CAUSING SKIN INFECTIONS
In recent years, a large number of oils and their constituents have been investigated for their antimicrobial properties against bacteria and fungi. The present investigation evaluated the antimicrobial potential of edible medicinal oils of Cocos nucifera, Helianthus annus, Brassica juncea, Ricinus communis, Arachis hypogea, Glycine max, Gossypium hirsutum and Sesamum indicum extracted from differ...
7853
2037
ANTIUROLITHIATIC EFFECT OF VARIOUS WHOLE PLANT EXTRACT OF AGERATUM CONZOIDES LINN. ON ETHYLENE GLYCOL INDUCED UROLITHIASIS IN MALE WISTAR ALBINO RATS
In the present study antiurolithic activity of various extract of the whole plant of Ageratum consider Linn. was investigated on experimentally urolithiasis induced male albino wistar rats. Urolithiasis was induced in animals by using ethylene glycol (5% v/v, 2ml/rat/7days). Experimental induction of hyperoxaluria results in the rapid formation of calcium oxalate crystals in the renal tubules of e...
3698
1094
CORRELATION BETWEEN URINARY MICROALBUMIN, GLYCOSYLATED HAEMOGLOBIN AND SERUM MAGNESIUM IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS
Background and Objectives: Diabetes mellitus comprises a group of common metabolic disorders that share the phenotype of hyperglycemia. One of the leading causes of diabetes mellitus related morbidity and mortality is diabetic nephropathy. The earliest stage of diabetic nephropathy is Microalbuminuria, which is the excretion of extremely small quantities of albumin in the range of 30 - 300 mg/day....
2956
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SYNTHESIS, PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY AND HYDROLYTIC BEHAVIOUR OF MUTUAL PRODRUGS OF IBUPROFEN
For reducing the gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity associated with ibuprofen (IBU), its carboxylic group was masked by synthesizing its mutual prodrugs with propyphenazone by direct coupling and by using spacer technique (amino acid was taken as a spacer). The structures of synthesized prodrugs were confirmed by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, Mass and FT-IR spectral methods, and their purity were established by ...
3508
2257
QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATEINTS WITH PSORIASIS IN OSMANABAD REGION OF INDIA: A SINGLE CENTRE STUDY
The prevalence of psoriasis has a deep negative impact on Quality of life (QoL) daily. It has been classified under psychophysiological disorders. The prime objective of the present study is to evaluate and assess the Quality of Life (QoL) of psoriasis patients in Osmanabad region of India. A retrospective analyzing study was carried out on 52 psoriatic patients attending outpatient and inpatient ...
3308
1023
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A HPLC-UV METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF CEFTRIAXONE AND SULBACTAM IN POWDER FOR INJECTION FORMULATION
A simple, rapid, and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic method with UV detection has been developed and validated according to the ICH guidelines for the quantization of Ceftriaxone (CEF) and Sulbactam (SUL) in parenteral preparation. Chromatographic separation was carried out in a Hypersil Gold C8 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm; 5 μm particle size) of Thermo Scientific with simple mobil...
5674
1294
PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY OF THE EXTRACTS OF EXCOECARIA AGALLOCHA L.
Purpose: The focus of the present paper was a preliminary phytochemical and TLC analysis of the various extracts (root, stem, and leaf) of the mangrove plant Excoecaria agallocha L. Methods: Phytochemical analysis was carried out using the standard phytochemical assays. TLC analysis of the petroleum ether and chloroform fraction of the leaves was carried out using the solvent system Toluene: Ethyl...
9381
3532
EFFECT OF DRUG RELEASE ON ALBENDAZOLE CHEWABLE TABLETS BY USING DIFFERENT FORMULATION TECHNIQUES
In this research study, the effect of drug release of albendazole chewable tablets has been determined. The drug release is calculated by using the disintegration process, which is directly related to the hardness of tablets. The tablets are prepared by using three types of granulating methods are non-aqueous granulation, aqueous granulation, and direct compression. The tablets are evaluated by ca...
8019
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EVALUATION OF CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF BUTEA MONOSPERMA (BARK)
From TLC examination of fractions of benzene and benzene: ether (5:5) extract of the stem bark of B. monosperma revealed the separable mixture. These fractions were subjected to rechromatography. Isolated compounds were purified and crystallized by chloroform: methanol. After isolation and purification afforded white crystalline substance which was subjected to physical, chemical and spectral anal...
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1209
IN-VITRO FREE-RADICAL SCAVENGING POTENTIAL OF THREE LIVERWORTS OF DARJEELING HIMALAYA
The present study was aimed to screen the antioxidant activity and phytochemical content of bryophyte species Marchantia paleacea Bertol., Marchantia linearis Lehm. & Lindenb. and Conocephalum conicum (L.) Underw. collected from Darjeeling hills of Eastern Himalaya, India. The free radical scavenging activities were measured in-vitro by DPPH radical, metal chelating, superoxide, ABTS+, reducin...
3128
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QSAR STUDIES ON PPARγ AGONIST 2- ALKOXYDIHYDROCINNAMATES WHICH USE AS LEAD MOLECULE FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF NEW COMPOUNDS TO TREAT DIABETES AND NEUROLOGICAL DISORDER
Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSAR) is based on the assumption that the activity of a certain chemical compound is related to its structure. More precisely, this approach says that the activity or the property is related to the chemical structure through a certain mathematical algorithm or rule. Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis used to understand the st...
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837
EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF TIGECYCLINE AND TEIKOPLANIN IN THE TREATMENT OF IMPLANT RELATED METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS (MRSA) OSTEOMYELITIS
Treatment of implant-related MRSA osteomyelitis is a real challenge both for the physician and the patient. We evaluated the comparative efficacy of tigecycline, a novel broad-spectrum glycycline antibiotic and the glycopeptide antibiotic teicoplanin in the treatment of implant-related MRSA osteomyelitis in an experimental rat model. Implant related MRSA osteomyelitis was studied in the tibial met...
3226
1001
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF OPUNTIA FICUS-INDICA FLOWERS PHENOLIC EXTRACTS
The cactus plant Oputia ficus-indica, is a member of the Cactaceae family, native to Mexico, mainly cultivated for its cladodes, flowers, and fruits. Opuntia flower is useful in numerous fields; such as traditional medicines. Phenolic Flowers extracts of opuntia ficus-indica were phytochemical studied and in-vitro tested for their potential antioxydant activity using four methods, the total antiox...
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