Volume 5 (2014) - Issue 8, August
Review Articles
SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (PCR)
This paper is specifically designed to explain the important scientific points of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technology in forensic science and molecular biology. Scientific procedures presented in the paper are complex, simple were specifically designed to better explain and reinforce the key concepts of PCR. The PCR is a laboratory technique for amplifying a specific sequence of a minute am...
7702
1785
RECENT DEVELOPMENT AND ACHIEVEMENTS IN SOLUBILITY AND DISSOLUTION ENHANCEMENT OF ITRACONAZOLE: A REVIEW
A drug should be available in accessible in disintegrated state before producing its therapeutic effect however; in current market more than 40%, drugs are poorly soluble in water. In view of their low aqueous solubility, those new chemical entities fail to reach market in spite of revealing potential pharmacodynamics activities. Poorly aqueous soluble drugs are connected with moderate drug absor...
8429
2096
INDIA – A NEW CONTRIBUTOR TO THE PHARMACOVIGILANCE MOVEMENT
Every drug has two facets and the sinister side is becoming more apparent every day, sometimes resulting in product recalls by regulatory agencies due to serious adverse effects. Monitoring of unwanted side effects of allopathic drugs administered alone, and in combination with other drugs or dietary products causing drug-drug and drug-herbal/food interactions were lacking earlier, but information...
3658
2102
SOLUBILITY ENHANCEMENT OF POORLY WATER SOLUBLE DRUGS: A REVIEW
Many water insoluble drugs present in class 2 and it is characterized by low solubility and high permeability. Solubility of drug can be enhancing by increasing of dissolution rate. Many solubilization techniques are available for increasing of solubility as well as permeability like micronization, coacervation, complexation, solid dispersion, and cosolvent. Poorly soluble and dissolution profile ...
14886
2553
PLANT SPECIES USED BY LOCALS AS ETHNO-MEDICINE IN KUMAUN REGION OF WESTERN HIMALAYA (INDIA)
The present investigation carried out in six villages of Almora district of Kumaun Himalaya regarding mild and native ethno-medicinal plants which were used by locals in their own traditional health care system. This study reveals the status of ethno-medicinal plants and their importance preserved by locals of Kumaun region. During the study it was observed that 47 species of medicinal plants belo...
8970
1872
NEAR INFRA-RED SPECTROSCOPY FOR QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF INDIAN TRADITIONAL HERBAL MEDICINES: A REVIEW
Herbal Medicines (HM) and their preparations have been widely used for hundreds of years all over the world. However, they have not been officially recognized due to lack of adequate or accepted research methodology for their evaluation. Traditional systems of Indian Herbal medicine include Ayurveda, Yoga, Naturopathy, Unani and Siddha. Among them Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani systems (ASU) use plant...
2559
1175
REGULATORY DOSSIERS OF ASEM COUNTRIES
Demonstration of safety and efficacy of the drug product for human use is important before the drug product gets approval for import or manufacturing of new drug by regulatory authority in any country. Once the clinical and preclinical data have been collected, a New Drug Application (NDA) must be submitted to regulatory authority for approval. Globalization of pharmaceutical industry has created ...
6632
2297
HYPERLIPIDEMIA: ITS MANAGEMENT AND INDUCTION
In the present review an attempt has been made to explore and study the various in vitro animal models used for the evaluation of hypolipidemic and antihyperlipidemic drugs. Hyperlipidemia has been ranked as one of the greatest risk factors contributing to the prevalence and severity of coronary heart disease. The main aim of treatment in patients with hyperlipidemia is to reduce the risk of the...
4681
1621
Research Articles
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIY OF PHALERIA MACROCARPA (SCHEFF.) BOERL.
Phytochemical studies on the fruits of Phaleria macrocarpa yielded 2,6,4'-trihydroxy-4-methoxy-benzophenone (1) and 6,4'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-2-O-β-D-glucopyrano- side (2) together with two triterpenoids, 24-methylenecycloartan-3-one (3) and 24-methyl-9,19-cyclo- lanost-25-en-3-ol (4). Investigation on the leaves part led to the isolation of β-sitosterol (5) and stigmasterol (6). All ...
3119
1586
EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF MOMORDICA COCHINCHINENSIS SPRENG (GAC FRUIT) ETHANOLIC EXTRACT
Ethanolic extracts from three factions (peel, pulp and aril) of Gac fruit were evaluated the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The antioxidant activities of plant extracts were also investigated by using DPPH and FRAP assay. The highest antioxidant activities of ethanolic extract from the aril of ripe Gac fruit were 4.87 mg AAE/g FW and 0.016 mg AAE/g FW when determined by the DPPH and FRA...
6189
2010
FREQUENCY OF MILD AND SEVERE DEPRESSION CONSIDERING THE GENDER AND BLOOD GROUPS AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS OF INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY (IMTU), DAR ES SALAAM
Objective: Study to elucidate the relation between depression, gender and blood groups. Methods: The study was prepared on 279 medical students of IMTU, who have spent more than four months in the medical school. A Performa for testing depression scale was given to the students. Blood groups and gender were analyzed. Results: It was evident that few blood groups like A and O shown significan...
2837
1015
EFFECT OF HYDROPHILIC SOLVENTS ON ENHANCING TRANSDERMAL DELIVERY OF ALBUMIN
Objectives: Transdermal drug delivery suggests several advantages and has been vastly investigated over last decades.Chemical enhancers improve the quantity of drug penetration through the skin. In this study, hydrophilic solvents have been used as enhancers to promote dermal penetration of albumin. Methods: 20 different formulations containing albumin and hydrophilic solvents were prepared. Tr...
3332
1218
OPTIMIZATION AND VALIDATION OF A METHOD FOR THE QUANTIFICATION OF POLYSACCHARIDES OF THUJA OCCIDENTALIS LINN.
The anthrone method has been employed for many years in the spectrophotometric determination of polysaccharides. However, taking into account that its use usually involves a series of steps and requires a long period of analysis, this study aimed to conduct a more detailed assessment of its application in the determination of total polysaccharides from the aerial parts of Thuja occidentalis Linn. ...
3782
1512
DEVELOPMENT, ESTIMATION AND VALIDATION OF GLIMEPIRIDE IN PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION BY HPLC METHOD
The study is focused on developing a simple, rapid, validated High Performance Liquid Chromatographic (HPLC) method for Glimepiride Tablets from their dosage forms. The detection was carried out at 230 nm using Shimadzu UV - Visible detector HPLC system. The accuracy and precision were determined and validated statistically. The linearity was observed in the range of 15-120 µg/mL with a correlati...
4658
2008
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANALGESIC ACTIVITY OF SEVERAL NEW N-SUBSTITUTED PHTHALIMIDE ANALOGUES
The synthesis, characterization and spectroscopic studies of new N-substituted pthalimide analogues 2–7 with analgesic activity were described. The compounds were synthesized using phthalic anhydride with various appropriate amines (Triazolamine, Benzocaine, p-Nitro-aniline, pyrazinamide, Phenazone and glycine) in reflux synthesizer. The purity of the compounds was determined by TLC. With the ph...
3001
1061
GROWTH INHIBITORY EFFECT ON BACTERIA OF SWIETENIA MACROPHYLLA KING SEEDS AND LEAVES CRUDE ALKALOID EXTRACTS
The uses of plant-based products for disease prevention and treatment become increasingly popular in many societies. Plants are considered one of the major sources for many bioactive groups such as alkaloids. The purpose of this study was to determine the rate of alkaloids and investigate antibacterial activity of alkaloid fraction of seeds and leaves from plant, genus Swietenia of S. macrophylla ...
3701
1539
TRANSGENIC LYCOPERSICUM ESCULENTUM MILL (TOMATO) PLANT AS BIOREACTOR FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HUMAN NEUTROPHIL PEPTIDE-1 (HNP-1): A USEFUL PROTEIN BASED PHARMACEUTICAL
The term ‘transgenic plant’ is defined as the plants that are produced in the lab by artificial insertion of genes sometimes from the same species and sometimes entirely from the different kingdom. A major advantage of transgenic plant because of which it gains a lot of importance in today’s world is developing it for producing pharmaceutically useful compounds. Hence, they are act...
2818
1386
MODULATION OF TUMOUR NECROSIS FACTOR Α ATTENUATES NALOXONE-PRECIPITATED OPIOID WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME
The present study has been designed to investigate the effect of modulation of tumour necrosis α (TNF-α) on naloxone induced opioid withdrawal syndrome. Chronic morphine (5mg/kg,i.p) administration followed by a single injection of naloxone (8mg/kg, i.p) was used to precipitate opioid withdrawal syndrome in mice. Behavioral observations were made immediately after naloxone treatment. Withdrawa...
7028
1073
SYNTHESIS OF SOME 3, 5- DIPHENYL -∆1 –PYRAZOLINE AND 5-(2′′-FURYL)-∆1-PYRAZOLINE DERIVATIVES AND THEIR SCREENING FOR ANTIDEPRESSANT AND ANTICONVULSANT ACTIVITY
Sixteen 1-(substituted) phenyl, 1- thiocarbamoyl -3-phenyl-5-(2′′-Furyl) / Phenyl- ∆1-pyrazoline derivatives were synthesized. The chemical structures were confirmed by IR, H1 –NMR and analysis. The antidepressant activities of the compounds were investigated by Porosolt’s behavioral despair test on albino mice. 3-phenyl-5-(2′′-chlorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-carbothioamide (2f...
6781
1378
IMPACT OF PROBIOTICS LACTOBACILLUS RHAMNOSUS AND LACTOBACILLUS CASEI ON LIPOGLYCEMIC AND ANTIOXIDATIVE STATUS OF DIABETIC RATS
Probiotics are live microorganisms, which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit. There are very limited studies on antidiabetic effect of lactic acid bacteria despite their potentiality in reducing the risk of diabetes onset. The present study explored the effect of administering live culture of L. rhamnosus [MTCC No 8712] and L. casei [MTCC No 1408] in STZ induced diab...
3730
1324
PURIFICATION AND SEPERATION OF INDIVIDUAL CURCUMINOIDS FROM SPENT TURMERIC OLEORESIN, A BY- PRODUCT FROM CURCUMIN PRODUCTION INDUSTRY
Turmeric, curcuma longa L of Zingiberaceae family is a widely cultivated spice in India and other Asian countries. Turmeric is rich in curcuminoids, and recognized for their broad spectrum of biological activities, curcuminoids vary in chemical structures, physico-chemical characteristics as well as the functional properties. This study focused on separation of individual curcuminoids from spent t...
10459
3612
SEROLOGICAL TESTING IN ASTHMA PATIENTS VISITING MAHAVIR HOSPITAL AND RESEARCH CENTRE
Background: The hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis in asthmatic patients is influenced by many factors. Stress, cytokines and exogenous corticosteroids play an important role in regulating the HPA axis and thus affecting the adreno corticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol levels among these patients. It is well accepted that the HPA axis represents a major immune-regulatory system that pl...
2504
967
SYNTHESIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATION OF 2-(2-(BENZO [D] OXAZOL-2-YL) PHENYLAMINO)-N-(SUBSTITUTED PHENYL) ACETAMIDES
In the present work six new benzoxazole derivatives were synthesized adopting the suitably selected scheme. The synthetic methodology included the synthesis of 2-(2-aminophenyl) benzoxazole (D1) by the reaction of anthranilic acid with 2-aminophenol in poly phosphoric acid. Substituted chloroacetanilides (A1-A6) were synthesized by the reaction of substituted anilines with chloroacetyl chloride. F...
2660
1191
SYNERGISTIC STUDY OF ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF DIFFERENT SPICES AND THEIR BIOACTIVE CONSTITUENTS
Reactive oxygen species are associated with ageing process creating many health disorders such as Alzheimer, Parkinson, cancer, atherosclerosis and arthritis etc. These harmful actions of reactive oxygen species can be controlled to the some extent by using antioxidants which are present in plants, fruits, vegetables and spices. Turmeric, black pepper and clove are popular spices and have been use...
3540
1650
VALIDATION OF A NOVEL RP-HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF AMLODIPINE BESYLATE AND NEBIVOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE IN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS
This experimental work present the development and validation of a simple, rapid, accurate and precise RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous estimation of amlodipine besylate (AMB) and nebivolol hydrochloride (NBH) in bulk drug and pharmaceutical dosage forms. The chromatographic separation was carried out with AGILENT 1120 liquid chromatograph in an isocratic mode using Kromasil ODS column (250 x 4...
2890
1118
N ACETYL CYSTEINE ALLEVIATES PHENYTOIN INDUCED BEHAVIORAL ABNORMALITIES IN RATS
NAC being an antioxidant combats oxidative stress induced by phenytoin, thereby hypothesized to reduce phenytoin induced behavioral abnormalities. The influence of N acetyl cysteine (NAC) supplementation on phenytoin induced behavioral abnormalities was investigated. Male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups and each group received vehicle (0.2% CMC), Phenytoin (20mg/Kg), Phenytoin co administer...
3189
1296
EFFECT OF IVNT ON OVARIAN WEIGHT, FOLLICLE NUMBER, ESTRUS FREQUENCY AND REVERSIBILITY OF REPRODUCTIVE CYCLE IN ALBINO RAT
The cyclic albino rats of body weight group (120-130 gm.) were intravaginally treated with single dose (0.1 ml) neem oil at various durations to study its anti-fertility efficiency. It was observed that a significant increase in ovarian weight in weekly three months treated rat group to control and a significant decrease in follicle numbers in single ovary in weekly and fortnightly one and three ...
2635
1070
SIGNIFICANCE OF CA 125 AND CEA AS BIOMARKERS IN ASSESSING PROGRESS OF TREATMENT FOR CERVICAL CANCER
Background: Cervical cancer (CC) is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in women, with more than 80% of these occurring in developing countries that have limited access to screening programs. Therefore there is a need to develop diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers which can be quantifiable and help clinical oncologists at the first interaction with the suspected patients. The aim of this st...
5846
1850
NOVEL THERAPEUTIC OPTIONS FOR FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA
Background: Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutation in the LDL receptor gene and characterized by raised LDL-C, tendon xanthomata and premature atherosclerosis. Existing therapies for FH such as statins and LDL apheresis do not offer adequate lipid control in most patients, which has led to the search for more definite alternatives. Two new drugs hav...
2371
1058
NEEM LEAF EXTRACT PREVENTS METHOTREXATE INDUCED GENOTOXICITY IN THE SOMATIC CELLS OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER”
Background &Objective: To explore possible protective effect of neem leaf extract against methotrexate induced genotoxicity in the somatic cells (wing primordial) of Drosophila melanogaster. Methods: In the first phase of the experiment, neem leaf extract (NLE) at two doses was tested in the somatic cells (wing primordia) of Drosophila melanogaster (3rd instar trans heterozygous larvae resu...
3016
1080
IN VIVO STABILIZATION STUDIES ON INDIAN COBRA (NAJA NAJA) VENOM FOR ITS TOXICOLOGICAL ACTIVITY (LD50) IN MICE
Biological/Toxicological activity of Cobra venom (CV) is usually estimated in terms of LD50 which varies at each time of test, when stored in liquid condition at non-native environment, as the CV contains most unstable complex proteins in it. Prepared & stored working solution of cobra venom at 5±3ºC in liquid condition for experimentation without any stabilizing agent, it becomes unstable a...
3080
1036
TASKS OF COMPLIMENTARY AND FUNCTIONAL TRIO-MINERALS IN HYPERTENSION
Micronutrient deficiencies such as potassium, magnesium and calcium are very common in the general population and it is more predominantly present in the individuals with hypertension and cardiovascular patients. These deficiencies will have a massive impact on present and future cardiovascular health outcomes such as hypertension, myocardial infarction, stroke, etc. Recent efforts to reduce the p...
2523
1123
MODELING ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF 4-THIOZOLIDONE DERIVATIVES
In the present work, efforts have been made to model the antibacterial activity of 4-thiazolidone derivatives against pathogenic bacteria P. aeruginosa by using QSAR (quantitative structure-activity relationship) methodology. Multivariate analysis gave excellent model which was tested using cross validation using leave one out method. The cross- validation method was applied to the data set in ord...
2389
1205
PHARMACOGNOSTIC, PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION & PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF SCOPARIA DULCIS LINN. PLANT EXTRACTS FOR NEPHRO-PROTECTIVE ACTIVITY
The aerial parts of Scoparia dulcis Linn. belonging to family Scrophulariaceae. Traditionally are used as antiulcer, antibacterial, antifungal, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, antianaemic, analgesic, antidiabetic, hyperlipidaemia, hepatoprotective etc. From literature survey the aerial parts of Scoparia dulcis Linn. are rich source of flavonoids, tannins, phenolic compounds but not yet scientifically in...
3466
1619
IN-VIVO ANTICANCER ACTIVITY OF RED ALGAE (GELIDIELA ACEROSA AND ACANTHOPHORA SPICIFERA)
The Gulf of Mannar, is a unique marine habitat with diverse of macroalgae. Macroalgae are primitive non flowering marine plants, which have rich sources of bioactive compounds (i.e., proteins, peptides, amino acid, polysaccharide, alkaloids etc). The selected red algaeGelidiela acerosa and Acanthophora spicifera collected from the Gulf of Mannar, southeast coast of India. In the present study, the...
5036
2016
BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS IDENTIFICATION FROM MARINE MACRO ALGAE PADINA AUSTRALIS USING METHANOL EXTRACT
The investigation was carried out to determine the possible bioactive compounds marine macro algae Padina australis using methanol extract. The GC-MS analysis of methanol extract was performed using perkin Elmer GC clarus. Six compounds were identified from Padina australis showed highest peak area Pentadecanoic acid 14-methyl ester [100%] followed by 1, 2 Benzenedi carboxylic acid, butyl octyl es...
3229
1405
ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS TO CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY IN A REGIONAL CANCER CENTER IN NORTHEAST INDIA
Background: With the dramatic advances in the medical science, treatment of many cancers is not just palliative, but rather curative in today’s world. The dosage regimen and the method of administration can greatly affect their efficacy and toxicity. Aims and Objects: To study the patterns of adverse drug reaction to cancer chemotherapy and to assess the causality, severity and predictability...
3951
1223
IN VITRO EVALUATION OF PHYTOCHEMICAL, ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF CALYCES OF ROSELLE (HIBISCUS SABDARIFFA L.)
Diversity of plants has attracted a great deal of research interest in search of natural antioxidants and antimicrobials. Many natural substances having anti-oxidant and anti-microbial properties have been used in health foods for medicinal and preservative purposes Fleshy calyces ofHibiscus sabdariffa L. of family Malvaceae including the fleshy calyces were tested positive for presence of phytoch...
3397
1432
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC & RP-HPLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF LEVOFLOXACIN & ORNIDAZOLE
An accurate, precise and reproducible UV-spectro-photometric methods and liquid chromatographic assay method were developed and validated for the determination of Levofloxacin and Ornidazole in tablet dosage form. Spectrophotometric estimation was done by simultaneous equation method and 50% methanol as solvent. In this method λmax for LEVO and OZ were selected at 293.5nm and 318nm. RP-HPLC analy...
4616
1342
STUDY OF PHYSIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF ACHYRANTHES ASPERA EXTRACTS
Achyranthes aspera (Amaranthaceae) is an important medicinal herb found as a weed throughout India. It has been used in almost all the traditional system of medicine, ayurveda, unani, and sidha from the ancient time. It serves as a folk medicine in traditional uses. In present study, the methanolic extract and aqueous extracts of leaf, stem, inflorescence and roots of Achyranthes aspera was screen...
4702
1704
CHEMOPREVENTIVE AND ANTIOXIDATIVE EFFECT OF FLAXSEED OIL AGAINST DMBA/CROTON OIL INDUCED TWO STAGES SKIN CARCINOGENESIS IN MICE
Cancer is one of the major threats to human health that cause considerable suffering and economic loss worldwide. The search for natural compounds which prevent cancer has upsurge with the mounting evidence that many types of cancer are caused or triggered by factors relating to our lifestyle. Chemopreventive agents include all those agents which can either prevent cancer or slow down the growth o...
2846
1016
CLINICAL STUDY ON INGUDI (BALANITES AEGYPTIACA LINN. DELILE.) WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ITS ROLE IN WOUND HEALING
Man, the superior most of all species has always been remaining in a search of One Prime Goal: “The perfect health”. From Vedic era to space age, all the researches have been directed by the eminent scholars to achieve the same. Vrana (wound) is one of the critical conditions which have been managed by human being from starting of civilization. The present work is a substantial step for wound ...
3416
1331
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DIFFERENT FORMULATIONS OF ACECLOFENAC AS A TOPICAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM AND IT’S IN VITRO AND IN VIVO CHARACTERIZATION
Aceclofenac is new NSAID which demonstrates its anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity in a concentration of 1.5 %. Topical mode of administration help to avoid typical side effects associated with oral administration of NSAIDS such as irritation and ulceration to gastric mucosa. Hence, an attempt has been made to prepare topical formulations using various dermatological bases and to evaluate re...
5714
3980
SYNTHESIS AND ANTICONVULSANT ACTIVITY OF SOME NEW 1, 6- DIPHENYL-10, 10a-DIHYDROPYRIDO[2, 3-d]-1, 2, 4-TRIAZOLO [4, 3-a]PYRIMIDIN-5(1H)-ONE DERIVATIVES
In this research, a new series of total twenty derivatives (39-58) of titled compound were synthesized with the help of substituted acetophenone which undergoes Aldol condensation reaction with dimethyformamidedimethylacetal (DMFDMA) to form corresponding unsaturated carbonyl compounds such as enaminones. The compound 2-thioxo-1,3-dihydropyridino[2,3-d] pyrimidin-4(1H)-one were obtained by reactin...
3250
1996
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF AN UV- SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF FLUOXETINE IN PURE AND TABLET DOSAGE FORMS
A rapid, precise, accurate, sensitive, simple, fast and reliable spectrophotometric method has been developed for determination of Fluoxetine in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms. The solubility of Fluoxetine was also examined in various solvents like distilled water, methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, HCL, chloroform etc. For the determination of working wavelength different concentrations of Fl...
4865
1227
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION METHOD FOR DECITABINE INJECTION BY RPHPLC
A new, precise, rapid, accurate RP-HPLC method was developed for the estimation of Decitabinein pharmaceutical dosage form. After optimization the good chromatographic separation was achieved by Isocratic mode with a mixture of Ammonium Acetate buffer of pH 4.5: Acetonitrile (985:15) v/v as the mobile phase withDevelosil Rp Aqueous-AR-5 (150 x 4.6 mm, 5 µm), column as stationary phase at flow rat...
13093
2210
PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION AND EVALUATION OF ANTIMUTAGENIC ACTIVITY OF THE EXTRACT OF CUSCUTA REFLEXA ROXB BY AMES TEST
In this study, the methanol extract of Cuscuta reflexa Roxb.belonging to the family Convolvulaceae was prepared by successive extraction procedure (petroleum ether and methanol) in soxhlet apparatus. The plant was used traditionally in India, Bangladesh, China, Thailand and other Asian countries for treating various ailments. It is known to exhibit antiepileptic, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, an...
3763
1158
IN SILICO CHARACTERISATION AND COMPUTATIONAL MODELLING OF NEURO-TOXINS OF INDIAN COBRA
Snake venom is cocktail of various enzymes, toxins. Snake venom components have major role as therapeutics application in current drug industry. Snake venom toxins plays vital role as one of the major component in case of bite and most of the toxins are lethal which are of various types such as cardio-toxins, myotoxins and neurotoxins etc. The Indian Cobra neurotoxins sequences were retrieved form...
2795
1093
RP-HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF LOPINAVIR AND RITONAVIR IN COMBINED TABLET DOSAGEFORM AND IN SPIKED HUMAN PLASMA
A simple, accurate RP-HPLC method has been developed for simultaneous determination of Lopinavir (LPV) and Ritonavir (RTV) from tablet dosage form on reversed phase Brownlee C18 column. The sample was analyzed using acetonitrile: 10 mM ammonium acetate buffer (pH 4.5): Methanol (40:30:30) as a mobile phase at flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and detection at 210 nm using UV detector. The limit of detection...
3294
1141
EVALUATION OF ACUTE TOXICITY OF NEEM ACTIVE CONSTITUENT, NIMBOLIDE AND ITS HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY AGAINST ACUTE DOSE OF CARBON TETRACHLORIDE TREATED ALBINO RATS
Objective: To investigate the neem active constituent nimbolide for the evidence of acute toxicity and its protective effects against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver toxicity in rats. Materials and Methods: Group allotment in hepatoprotective activity study included vehicle, CCl4 (1ml/kg), Silymarin (100 µg/kg/day) + CCl4 and graded doses of nimbolide (100 and 200µg/ kg/ day) + CCl4...
3687
1407
EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIAL OF ELAEOCARPUS SERRATUS L.
The in vitro antimicrobial activity of acetone, methanol and water extracts of leaf, stem bark and fruit of Elaeocarpus serratus L. (Elaeocarpaceae) was examined against four bacterial species (Shigella sonnei, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae) and a fungal species (Candida albicans) using the agar well diffusion method. Phytochemical screening was carried out for ...
4072
1874
COMPARISON OF ALCOHOLIC AND AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF ROOT OF AERVA JAVANICA FOR ITS NEPHRO-PROTECTIVE EFFECT IN CISPLATIN-INDUCED RENAL TOXICITY
Aerva javanica belonging to family (Amaranthaceae) roots and flowers are reported to possess medicinal properties against rheumatism and kidney problems. The present work is to evaluate the nephroprotective effect of Aerva javanica by cisplatin induced renal toxicity in adult male albino rats of Wistar strain. The effect ofalcoholic extract and aqueous extract were evaluated at 200 mg/kg and 400 m...
2817
1125
EXTRACTION AND SECONDARY METABOLITE ANALYSIS OF COSCINIUM FENESTRATUM (GAERTN.) COLEBR: AN IMPORTANT MEDICINAL PLANT OF WESTERN GHATS
The aim of this study was to extract the secondary metabolites of Coscinium fenestratum stem extracts and to determine the alkaloid berberine using HPLC. Phytochemical analysis was carried for acetone, chloroform, methanol and Aqueous fractions of stem extracts. Total phenolic content and total flavonoid contents were estimated using standard Gallic acid and Quercitin respectively. TLC and HPLC we...
5189
1616
EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF CRUDE EXTRACTS CATHARANTHUS ROSEUS
The aim of the present study was to determine the antibacterial activity of crude extracts from root parts of Catharanthus roseus against several bacterial species of clinical significance. Root part of C. roseus was extracted in appropriate solvent followed by evaluation of antibacterial activity by agar well diffusion assay against a total of eight bacterial stains. Further, minimum inhibitory c...
4140
1429
ADDING NIACIN WITH ATORVASTATIN IN PATIENTS WITH RENAL ISCHEMIA: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
The study was aimed to compare the effect of lipid lowering only through Atorvastatin and lipid lowering combined with HDL-C raise by adding Niacin on the lipid profile and renal outcomes in renovascular disease. It was prospective, analytical hospital based study. In diagnosed patients Atorvastatin (20mg) and/or in combination with Niacin Extended Release 500mg/day was prescribed randomly distrib...
2584
995
QUALITY EVALUATION OF PARACETAMOL TABLETS OBTAINED FROM THE COMMON SHOPS (KIOSKS) IN ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA
The effectiveness of drugs is directly related to the quality thus quality evaluations of medications throughout the production process and distribution are very essential. Counterfeit medications are known to have poor quality as the medications are in the market without the consent of the regulatory body. A total of 11 samples of paracetamol tablets were collected from kiosks, one from each sub ...
10526
38356
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF SELF EMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM (SEDDS) OF IBUPROFEN
Aim of present investigation was to develop self emulsifying drug delivery system of ibuprofen to enhance solubility, dissolution rate which may improve therapeutic performance and drug loading capacity so as to develop alternative to traditional oral formulations to improve bioavailability. In this study Labrafac, Tween 80 and PEG 200 were selected as oil, surfactant and co-surfactant respectivel...
5925
3818
STUDIES ON ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF SELECTED MEDICINAL PLANT OCIMUM GRATISSIMUM L.
Ocimum gratissimum L. (O.G) has been used to treat various diseases since ancient time in India. This study investigated the antioxidant activity and phytochemical constituents in alcoholic extract ofO.G. The alcoholic extract of O.G. was screened for antioxidant potential through DPPH assay and phytochemical analysis was undertaken through qualitative and quantitative methods. Different concentra...
4672
1567
DOES THE WHOLE BODY VIBRATION ALTER THE EFFECT OF A CORIANDRUM SATIVUM EXTRACT ON THE BIODISTRIBUTION OF THE RADIOPHARMACEUTICAL TECHNETIUM-99M SODIUM PERTECHNETATE AND SOME BIOMARKERS IN WISTAR RATS?
The exposure to vibrations generated in oscillating/vibratory platform produces whole body vibration (WBV) exercises. The effect of the WBV in the concentrations of some biomarkers and his association between some substances has been investigated. Natural products have been used by the humans as food source and as medications. Coriandrum sativum (CS) is used for the treatment of diabetes and gastr...
2813
1166
ACCUMULATION OF ARSENIC IN RADISH (RAPHANUS SATIVUS L.), AND THEIR EFFECTS ON GROWTH AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES
This study investigated the effects of arsenic on radish in the pot (green house experiment), result revealed that length, FW and DW of plant (EDP and leaf) was significantly (P < 0.05) affected at higher concentration of As (≥40ppm) treatment. Chl-a and Chl-b was significantly affected at >40ppm As treated plant compared with C*. TSS and Proline content in plant showed, increasing trend a...
3500
1094
A NOVEL SCHIFF BASE DERIVATIVE FOR EFFECTIVE TREATMENT OF AZOXYMETHANE INDUCED COLON CANCER
The field of cancer research has been emerged in recent years for the development of specific drugs to cancer treatment. New agents with the ability to provide efficient treatment by reducing side effects has led to new opportunities for improving agents for cytotoxic therapies. While there are several drugs for colon cancer treatment, researchers are trying to evaluate new agents or combinations ...
3466
1138
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL SURVEY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS IN AGARO DISTRICT, JIMMA ZONE, SOUTH WEST ETHIOPIA
Aim: Plants have been used for medicinal purposes for more than many centuries. The use of a given plant for the same purpose by people geographically distant or with dissimilar cultural backgrounds constitutes impressive evidences that the use is valid. The aim of this study was to document ethnopharmacology of medicinal plants in Agaro District, Jimma Zone, South West Ethiopia. Methods: A cross...
5644
1802
ANTI-SECRETORY, GASTROPROTECTIVE AND ANTI-ULCER ACTIVITIES OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF PHRAGMANTHERA CAPITATA S. BALLE IN RATS
Phragmanthera capitata is mistletoe (parasitic plant) that grows on other plants including avocado trees. Leaves infusion or decoction is claimed to treat amongst other ailments abdominal pains by herbalists in Cameroon. Our goal was to evaluate possible secretory, gastro and ulcer activities of aqueous extract of P. capitata (AEPC) in indomathacin induced gastric ulcer and pylorus ligation induce...
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