Volume 5 (2014) - Issue 9, September
Review Articles
CO-CRYSTALLIZATION- A TECHNIQUE FOR SOLUBILITY ENHANCEMENT
Co-crystals consists of API and a stoichiometric amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable co-crystal former. Pharmaceutical Co-crystals are nonionic supramolecular complexes and can be used to address physical property issues such as solubility, stability, and bioavailability in pharmaceutical development without changing the chemical composition of the API. Cocrystal is a crystalline entity formed...
23397
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COMPARATIVE SAR OF SYNTHETIC COUMARIN DERIVATIVES FOR THEIR ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY
Coumarin (2H-1-benzopyran-2-one) nucleus and it's natural, as well as synthetic derivatives, has been a field of interest due to its unique tendency to adopt varying categories of substitutions which provides the basis for modifying this nucleus for multidisciplinary actions. The extensive literature review reflects that coumarin derivatives have been synthesized by several structural modification...
5204
1589
POTENTIAL OF BRYOPHYTES AS THERAPEUTICS
Bryophytes, a small group of lower plant phylogenetically placed between algae and the vascular plants comprise of hornworts, liverworts, and mosses. They are the second largest group of land plants and extremely rich in a variety of biologically active compounds viz. terpenoids, phenols, glycosides, and fatty acids. This small slow-growing group of plants is stockroom of naturally occurring mater...
7338
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RECENT ADVANCES IN SEMISOLID DOSAGE FORM
Pharmaceutical semisolid preparations include ointments, pastes, cream, emulsions, gels, and rigid foams. They serve as carriers for drugs that are topically delivered by way of the skin, cornea, rectal tissue, nasal mucosa, vagina, buccal tissue, urethral membrane, and external ear lining. Semisolids can adhere to the application surface for sufficiently long periods before they are washed off. T...
25443
8411
DEVELOPMENTS OF CARCINOGENESIS INDUCED BY ABNORMALITIES OF WNT GENES
In cancers, many signals were involved in self-renewal, differentiation and proliferation. Especially, Wnt signaling pathway plays crucial impact in stem cells and cancer development. Wnt genes were involved in the stimulation of Wt signaling pathway in stem cells development. Despite, mutation and overexpression of Wnt genes induced regulation of carcinogenesis. Out of 19 Wnt genes, each Wnt gene...
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Research Articles
TO STUDY THE EFFECTS OF SOLVENT AND RELATIVE HUMIDITY ON RHEOLOGICAL AND THERMAL PROPERTIES OF MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE GRANULES USING HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE AS BINDER
Solvent used for preparing binder solution in a wet granulation process is one of the major factors which dictate the granule properties. Aim of our current research was to understand the effect of solvents on flow properties of Microcrystalline Cellulose granules prepared using Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose as a binder by using rheological tools and subsequently studying the effect of relative hu...
3960
2540
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC AND SPECTROFLUORIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF OXCARBAZEPINE IN PURE FORM AND PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATION
Simple and sensitive spectrophotometric Method (A) and spectrofluorimetric Method (B) were described for the analysis of oxcarbazepine. The proposed methods were based on the oxidation of the drug with cerium (IV) ion in acidic medium with subsequent measurement of either the decrease in absorbance at 321 nm or the fluorescence intensity of the produced cerous (III) ion at 363 nm emission after ex...
3025
1297
FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF AN ANTI-BACTERIAL CREAM USING HEMPEDU BUMI (ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA)
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), a bacterium that causes skin infection as a result of skin colonization, is becoming increasingly resistant to many commonly used antibiotics. Andrographis paniculata (A. paniculata) or hempedu bumi, traditionally used for the treatment of inflammation and infection, in extract form has been shown to exhibited anti-bacterial activity against various bacteria. Thi...
4071
3301
THE EFFECT OF VALERIAN ON THE PHARMACOKINETICS OF CARBAMAZEPINE IN HEALTHY RABBITS
This article aimed to evaluate the effect of valerian on a single dose kinetic of carbamazepine in rabbits. Five healthy male rabbits in a randomized, two-crossover design were enrolled in this study. Rabbits were divided into two groups; the first received a single dose of 100 mg carbamazepine (CBZ) suspension. The second group received CBZ 100 mg suspension concurrently with valerian (VAL) 25 mg...
4652
1669
STUDYING THE ACCELERATED PHOTOSTABILITY OF CIPROFLOXACIN AND LOMEFLOXACIN IN TABLETS AND EYE DROPS
The photostability of two fluoroquinolones: ciprofloxacin and lomefloxacin have been detected in tablets, and eye drops formulations using light-stability cabinet. Ciprofloxacin and lomefloxacin were subjected to stress conditions. The degradation products were well separated from the peak of the active substance. The stability of these compounds has been studied both in containers and under direc...
3360
1274
EVALUATION OF ANTIDIARRHOEAL AND INSECTICIDAL ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOL EXTRACT AND ITS FRACTIONS OF DENDROPHTHOE FALCATA (L.) LEAVES
Dendrophthoe falcata L. is an important folk medicinal plant for its medicinal uses against different types of diseases. Therefore the present study was designed to investigate the antidiarrhoeal and insecticidal activities of aqueous, ethanol, chloroform and petroleum ether fractions of D. falcata leaves. Antidiarrhoeal activities of these extracts were evaluated in Swiss albino mice by three dif...
3243
1466
IMMUNOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR DETECTION OF CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS AMONG WOMEN AT REPRODUCTIVE AGE ATTENDING OMDURMAN MATERNITY HOSPITAL
Chlamydia trachomatis is the most common bacterial sexually transmitted disease. Over 100 million men and women worldwide are infected with Chlamydia at any point in time. The aim of this study to detect the presence of C. trachomatis antibodies and antigen among women on the reproductive age and to study the relationship between the presence of C. trachomatis and age, abortion and ectopic pregnan...
2622
1136
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF STELLARIA MEDIA LINN.
The studies on the constituents of aerial parts of Stellaria media Linn. (Caryophyllaceae) have led to the isolation and characterization of three new compounds ─ (1), (2), and (3). Structure elucidation of the new compounds was carried out using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, Mass spectrometry, together with other complementary techniques (UV and IR). The major findings of the study include: Compound 1 was s...
3591
1193
BIOEFFICACY OF PREMNA CORYMBOSA ROTTL. (VERBANACEAE) WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ITS ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY
In the present investigation, the bioefficacy of an indigenous plant was investigated with special reference to its antioxidant potential. Antioxidant effects of Methanolic, Chloroform and Ethyl acetate extracts of the leaves of Premna corymbosa Rottl. (family Verbenaceae) were tested based on DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl), phosphomolybdenium assay, superoxide radical scavenging activity,...
2850
1270
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF SOME NEW BAYLIS-HILLMAN DERIVED CINNAMYL SUBSTITUTED QUINAZOLINONE DERIVATIVES
A series of new Baylis–Hillman derived cinnamyl substituted quinazolinone derivatives have been synthesized by the condensation reaction between Baylis-Hillman bromides and quinazolinones in a simple and efficient manner in less reaction time with high yields. Methyl quinazolinone yields two isomers of Baylis-Hillman derived 3-N-cinnamyl substituted quinazoline-4-one derivatives and 4-O-cinnamyl...
3331
1217
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF THE CRUDE EXTRACTS OF B. SUBTILIS FROM SML
The rise of antibiotic-resistant pathogens leads to the development of new antibiotics and drugs. Natural products capture the attention of the researchers for such drug discovery. Apart from medicinal plants, many microorganisms also play a great role in the discovery of antibiotics. In this context, bacteria from Sea surface microlayer (SML) are also investigated nowadays. The secondary metaboli...
2739
1066
METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF KETOROLAC TROMETHAMINE IN TABLET FORMULATION BY RP-HPLC METHOD
In the present study, a simple, precise, and accurate method was developed and validated for analysis of Ketorolac Tromethamine in Tablet formulation. A gradient HPLC analysis was performed on Grace C18 column (250 cm × 4.6 mm × 5 µ). The compound was separated with a solvent mixture of Methanol and water in a ratio of 65:35 v/v with 0.1% O-phosphoric acid as the mobile phase at a flow rate of ...
6236
2788
STUDIES ON MICROBIALLY TRIGGERED ENTERIC COATED TABLETS FOR COLON TARGETED DELIVERY OF MESALAMINE
Objective: This study aims to develop an enteric coated (coated with Eudragit S-100) matrix tablet of Mesalamine to improve the bioavailability by targeting the drug to the colon for the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Materials and Methods: Matrix tablets were prepared by wet granulation technique by applying 32 full factorial designs for optimization. The independent variables used were the amo...
2667
1250
ENHANCEMENT OF BIOAVAILABILITY OF ATORVASTATIN AND FENOFIBRATE COMBINATION USING SOLID DISPERSION TECHNIQUE
The present investigation aimed to design and evaluate solid dispersions of Atorvastatin and Fenofibrate combination, to enhance the solubility and bioavailability. When used in combination, these drugs show additive beneficial effect and comparatively fewer side effects, in the treatment of Hyperlipidemia. Being members of BCS Class-II, these drugs exhibit low aqueous solubility and high permeabi...
3681
1314
HAEMATIC AND HEPATROPROTECTIVE POTENTIALS OF HYPOESTES TRIFLORA AQUEOUS LEAF EXTRACT IN GUINEA-PIGS
Local traditional healers in the Great Lakes Region used to administer Hypoestes triflora (Roem) leaf decoctions to treat patients with anemia and liver diseases, and also to boost immunity in HIV patients. This study was designed to evaluate, in guinea-pigs, the antianemic and hepatoprotective potentials of this plant. Anemia was induced with phenylhydrazine hydrochloride and hepatotoxicity with ...
3633
2188
EVALUATION OF ANTIDYSLIPIDEMIC EFFECT OF MANGIFERIN AND AMAROGENTIN FROM SWERTIA CHIRAYITA EXTRACT IN HFD INDUCED CHARLES FOSTER RAT MODEL AND IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND THEIR DOCKING STUDIES
Swertia chirayita (SC) has been traditionally used for the treatment of several metabolic disorders related to health problems. We have investigated the antidyslipidemic and antioxidant potential of Swertia chirayita (SC) plant, a potent antidiabetic, and its isolated markers. The LC-ESI-MS standardized hot water extracts of different batches from the whole plant of Swertia chirayita, were tested ...
5378
1300
SIMPLE ISOCRATIC RP-HPLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR ESTIMATION OF GATIFLOXACIN IN TABLET DOSAGE FORM
The objective of the present study is to develop and validate a method for the estimation of gatifloxacin (GTX) in the tablet dosage form. An isocratic reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed to estimate gatifloxacin using X terra C18 column (4.6 mm ´ 150 mm I.D., 5µm particle size) and the mobile phase containing phosphate buffer (pH adjusted to 3.5 wi...
3239
1319
EFFERVESCENT BIOADHESIVE VAGINAL TABLET OF METRONIDAZOLE FOR BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS – DESIGN AND IN-VITRO EVALUATION
In the present study, the effort has been made to formulate the effervescent bioadhesive vaginal tablet of Metronidazole for localized treatment of Bacterial vaginosis. Among various bioadhesive polymers carbopol 934P, hydroxyl propyl methylcellulose K4M, methylcellulose, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose were selected. Eight different formulations were made using a single polymer as well as a co...
3958
1175
ANOVULATORY FOLLICLE DEVELOPMENT IN ADULT ALBINO MICE DUE TO PROLONGED EXPOSURES TO GENISTEIN
Genistein is a soy phytoestrogen that mediates its functions by interacting with the endogenous estrogen receptor β. To investigate the effect of 10mg/kg body weight/ day genistein administration up to 90 days on the ovarian folliculogenesis and its correlation with serum gonadotropins and estrogen, adult Mus musculus were either administered with 1:4 DMSO : PBS (vehicle) or with 10mg genistein/k...
2985
1150
ASSESSMENT OF β-ADRENORECEPTOR ANTAGONISTIC ACTIVITY OF NS1 AND NS2 ON PERCENTAGE INHIBITION OF ISOPRENALINE INDUCED TACHYCARDIA AND HYPOTENSION IN RATS
The present investigation is carried out for β-adrenoreceptor antagonistic activity of both derivatives by evaluating their effects on the isoprenaline-induced tachycardia and hypotension in rats. Rats were divided into 5 groups (n=6) based on the treatment given to them. Group 1 received saline (0.9 % NaCl) only, groups 2, 3 were treated using test drugs NS1 and NS2 (1 mg/kg, i.v.) and groups 4,...
6268
1050
EFFECT OF NIMODIPINE ON NOCICEPTIVE PAIN AND ITS INTERACTION WITH OPIOID ANALGESICS IN RATS
Objective: To explore the effect of nimodipine on nociception and on opioid-induced antinociception in rats by using the tail-flick method. Method: Sixty albino rats were used for the study. The tail-flick method was used to induce nociception in rats. Analgesic effect of nimodipine was evaluated by using three graded doses (200 mcg/kg, 400 mcg/kg, and 800 mcg/kg). To study the effect of nimodipin...
2642
1003
ANTICANCER POTENTIAL OF SOLANUM JASMINOIDES
Objective: To investigate the anticancer potential of the extracts and the alkaloidal and nonalkaloidal fractions of Solanum jasminoides Paxt using in-vitro and in-vivo models. Method: The petroleum ether, methanol, and water extracts of the whole plant were prepared by successive soxhlet method. The methanol extract was treated with solvents to separate alkaloidal and non-alkaloidal fractions. Al...
2797
1142
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SPECIFIC ACOUSTIC IMPEDANCE AND TRANSPORT PROPERTIES OF SULFA COMPOUNDS USING ULTRASONIC VELOCITY
Measurement of ultrasonic velocity in non-aqueous solution gives information about the behavior of solution such as molecular association and disassociation. The attraction and repulsion between the molecules of the components involved show considerable effect upon the physical and chemical properties of a solution such as density, viscosity, and ultrasonic velocity. The ultrasonic velocity data c...
2527
1064
ULTRASOUND ASSISTED EXTRACTION OF QUERCETIN FROM CABBAGE
Cabbage is an important vegetable crop of the Brassicaceae family consumed all over the world and regularly used in our day to day life. It contains potentially health-promoting flavonoid compounds such as quercetin. Flavonoids are secondary plant metabolites that are synthesized via the shikimate pathway. In this study, extraction yield of quercetin from cabbage by application of ultrasound-assis...
3123
1570
A RP-HPLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT FOR THE ESTIMATION OF RIZATRIPTAN BENZOATE FROM FORMULATED FAST DISINTEGRATING SUBLINGUAL TABLETS
A simple, accurate, precise RP-HPLC method has been developed for the estimation of Rizatriptan Benzoate. Good chromatographic separation was achieved by isocratic mode with Sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate as buffer (pH 3.5): Acetonitrile (80:20), as the mobile phase with Zorbax SB phenyl column (250 × 4.6 mm i.d, 5 µ particle size) as stationary phase with a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min at ambient ...
3316
1762
COMPARATIVE CNS ACTIVITIES OF CLINICALLY EMPLOYED ANTIHISTAMINES (H1 ANTAGONIST)
Aim: H1 Antihistamines are classified into the first generation and second generation agents. The main differences between the first and second generations of drugs are their propensity to cause central nervous system (CNS) side effects. Therefore, the present study was aimed to analyze the effects of different H1 antihistamines (first and second generation) on CNS using different animal experimen...
3867
1308
EXPLORING THE ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF ARTEMISIA ANNUA DURING DIFFERENT FLOWERING STAGES
Many of the plants used to treat certain diseases because they have shown antimicrobial activity. In this case, many studies have conducted on antimicrobial activity of Artemisia annua. The crude extracts obtained from Artemisia annua L. (Asteraceae) were investigated for their antibacterial activity by using agar well diffusion assays against three bacterial species (Escherichia coli, Bacillus su...
3057
972
EFFECT OF EXCIPIENTS ON THE RELEASE OF TRAMADOL HYDROCHLORIDE FROM BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERIC IMPLANTS
Subcutaneous implantation of the drug is known to be the first medical approach aiming to achieve prolonged and continuous administration of drugs. The purpose of the research was to achieve sustained delivery of Tramadol Hydrochloride from biodegradable Gelatin-Sodium Alginate polymeric implant. Implants were prepared by using Gelatin-Sodium Alginate polymer in two ratios 70:30 & 80:20% w/w b...
2956
1232
ANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF TRICLOSAN IN DENTAL FORMULATIONS
The present study is a simple rapid, sensitive, selective and reproducible RP-HPLC method has been developed for the estimation of Triclosan in dental formulations. In present work a simple, sensitive and specific method (RP-HPLC assay, stability indicating RP-HPLC) has been developed by using a phenomenex, BDS C18, column having 5 µm particle size and 150 mm × 4.6 mm in length and gradient mode...
5634
3264
CARDIOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF GARDENIA GUMMIFERA LINN. F. ON ISOPROTERENOL INDUCED MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN RATS
Objective: To investigate the cardioprotective effect of methanolic extract of Gardenia gummifera root (MEGG) on Isoproterenol (ISO) induced myocardial infarction (MI) in rats. Methods: LCMS analysis of MEGG was done for the identification of cardioprotective constituents. Myocardial infarction was induced by the subcutaneous injection of ISO (6mg/100g body weight) at an interval of 24 h for 2 day...
3960
1246
A NEW RP-HPLC STABILITY INDICATING METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF IBUPROFEN & FAMOTIDINE IN BULK AS WELL IN PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGES FORM BY USING PDA DETECTOR
The RP-HPLC separation was carried out by reverse phase chromatography on XTerra column C18 (4.6 × 150mm, 3.5 mm Make: ACE) or equivalent with a mobile phase composed Sodium Dihydrogen Ortho Phosphate and the pH has been adjusted to 2.5 by Orthophosporic Acid & Acetonitrile in the ratio of 30:70 v/v in isocratic mode at a flow rate of 1.2 ml/min. The run time was maintained for 8 mins. The de...
4835
3101
BIOLOGICALLY POTENTIAL FLAVONES: A SUBGROUP OF FLAVONOIDS
Flavones are an important class of flavonoids having a wide range of biological activities like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-oestrogenic, antimicrobial, anti-allergic, antioxidant, vascular, antitumor, and cytotoxic activities. First cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, flavopiridol, which is a flavone is approved as an orphan drug in Europe for the treatment of relapsed chronic lymphocytic ...
5297
2300
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF BRASSICA JUNCEA SEED ON CARRAGEENAN INDUCED PAW EDEMA IN RATS
Inflammation is a primary physiological defense mechanism that helps the body to protect itself from infection, toxic chemicals, or other noxious stimuli. The methanolic seeds extract of Brassica juncea was evaluated for its anti-inflammatory activity, in-vivo methods. Anti-inflammatory drugs with low toxicity and higher therapeutic values. It is a defensive mechanism of the body to remove the inj...
6434
1807
A NEW, SIMPLE, SENSITIVE, ACCURATE & RAPID ANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT & VALIDATION FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF LAMIVUDINE, ABACAVIR & ZIDOVUDINE IN TABLET DOSAGE FORM BY USING UPLC
The present work was undertaken to develop and validate a rapid and consistent UPLC method in which the peaks will appear in a short period as per ICH Guidelines. The UPLC separation was achieved on a Symmetry C18 (2.1 × 100mm, 1.7mm, Make: BEH) or equivalent in an Isocratic Mode. The mobile phase was composed of Phosphate Buffer (60%) [pH 3.0] & Methanol (40%) [UPLC Grade] The flow rate was ...
2794
1032
STUDY OF ANTIDIARRHOEAL ACTIVITY OF TWO MEDICINAL PLANTS OF BANGLADESH IN CASTOR-OIL INDUCED DIARRHOEA
Kaempferia galanga (Family: Zingiberaceae) has immense importance in the traditional health care system as a carminative, cholera, anti-inflammatory, abdominal pain, dyspepsia, and stomachic as well as in the diseases of coughs, pectoral affections, and stoppage of the nasal blocks. Grewia paniculata (Family: Malvaceae) has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of indigestion, eczema...
6407
1783
STUDY OF STRUCTURE BASED DESIGN FOR SULFONES AS ENOYL-ACP REDUCTASE INHIBITORS
Mycobacterium leprae, the causative agent of the disease, leprosy develops resistance against most of the drugs, so novel drug targets are required to design new drugs. Present work is aimed at understanding the inhibition of enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (Enoyl-ACP reductase), which is one of the receptor proteins used in drug discovery for screening anti-leprosy agents by virtually design...
2700
1078
IDENTIFICATION OF LUPEOL IN ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF CELASTRUS PANICULATUS BY HPTLC METHOD
ABSTRACT: Celastrus paniculatus is a known herb used in alternative system of medicines since ancient times. Traditionally seed oil of Celastrus paniculatus has been in various medicinal remedies to cure neuronal disorders, asthma, cough, etc. The constituents found in Celastrus paniculatus reportedly are sesquiterpenoids, triglycerides, triterpenoids. A high-performance thin layer chromatography,...
3543
1238
IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF DIFFERENT SOLVENT FRACTIONS FROM THE ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF HIBISCUS ROSA SINENSIS PETALS
Overproduction of free radicals can cause oxidative damage to biomolecules (e.g., lipids, proteins, DNA), eventually leading to many chronic diseases, such as atherosclerosis, cancer, diabetes, aging, and other degenerative diseases in humans. Plants may contain a wide variety of free radical scavenging molecules, such as phenolic compounds, nitrogen compounds, vitamins, terpenoids, and some other...
3138
1529
OXIDATION KINETICS AND MECHANISTIC INVESTIGATION OF QUININE SULPHATE BY CHLORAMINE-B IN ACIDIC CHLORIDE SOLUTION
The kinetics of oxidation of quinine sulphate [8α, 9R-61- methoxycinchonan- 9 - ol sulphate], (QS) by Chloramine-B (Sodium N-Chlorobenzene Sulphonamide, CAB) has been studied in aqueous hydrochloric acid medium at 303 K. The reaction rate shows a first order with respect to [CAB], fractional order with respect to [HCl] and [QS]. Activation parameters were evaluated from the kinetic data at differ...
2719
1101
EVALUATION OF NEPHROPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF BAUHINIA PURPUREA IN GENTAMICIN INDUCED NEPHROTOXICITY IN RATS
Objective: To study the nephroprotective activity of Bauhinia purpurea unripe pods and bark against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. Materials and Methods: Twenty four healthy adult albino rats of either sex (150-200 g) were randomly divided into four groups of six animals each. Group, I served as vehicle control and Group II as the negative control (gentamicin 80 mg/kg/d, i.p). Groups III and I...
3001
1256
IN-VITRO ANTIUROLITHIATIC POTENTIAL OF VARIOUS EXTRACTS OF MUCUNA PRURIENS
The present study was aimed to investigate the methanolic (MEMP), ethyl acetate (EEMP) and n-hexane (HEMP) extracts of the whole plant of Mucuna pruriens for their in-vitro Antiurolithiatic potential. Calcium oxalate crystallization was induced by the addition of 0.01M sodium oxalate solutions in synthetic urine. The in-vitro anti-urolithiatic activity of various extracts of M. pruriens was invest...
3950
3544
TEMPLATE SYNTHESIS AND SPECTRAL STUDIES OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE NI(II), AND CU(II) TRANSITION METAL COMPLEXES OF TETRADENTATE AZA-OXO (N2O2) MACROCYCLIC LIGAND
A novel series of transition metal complexes of [M(C19H18N2O2S)X2], where M = Ni(II), Cu(II), X = Cl-, NO3-, ½ SO42- and (C19H18N2O2S) moiety corresponds to the tetradentate aza-oxo macrocyclic species, were synthesized by template condensation reaction of 1,4-bis(2-formylphenoxy)butane and thiourea in the presence of divalent metal salts in 1:1:1 ratio. The metal complexes were characterized and...
2380
1219
FORMULATION AND ANTI-DIABETIC ACTIVITY STUDIES OF HERBOMINERAL FORMULATION FOR TREATMENT OF DIABETES
Several formulations are marketed globally, claiming to be useful in diabetes & other associated diseases. In the present study, an attempt has been made to study the comparative efficiency of herbal formulations, for their hypoglycemic activity. The study was conducted on healthy rats randomly distributed streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic control & test rat groups. In diabetes-induced...
4108
1970
ANTIPROLIFERATIVE EFFECT OF CALOTROPIS GIGANTEA (L.) R. BR. ON BREAST CANCER CELLS MCF-7
The investigation was aimed at evaluation of the mechanism of anticancer activity of the glycosides from Calotropis gigantea on breast cancer MCF-7 cells through analysis of modulation of gene expression. Cardiac glycosides were isolated from the leaves of C. gigantea, and the compounds were identified through LC-MS. Influence of the glycoside sample on the expression of p53 and Bcl-2 genes in MCF...
3500
1156
MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF AZOLE RESISTANCE MECHANISMS IN CANDIDA ALBICANS CLINICAL ISOLATES FROM HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS IN INDIA
Candida albicans has been the most widely premeditated pathogen in antifungal resistance because of their morbidity and mortality allied with infections in immunocompromised patients. A variety of mechanisms of resistance exist, with the most significant being those due to efflux pumps. The emergence of resistance during therapy in other settings appears uncommon but has been described in settings...
2702
1001
EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIAL OF BAUHINIA BLAKEANA FLOWERS
In this study, the phytochemicals and their antimicrobial potential of flowers of Bauhinia blakeana of Fabaceae Family were evaluated. The selected microbes for the antimicrobial study were E. coli, Enterobacter sp., Proteus sp., and Klebsiella sp. Ethanolic extract was prepared by continuous hot percolation method using Soxhlet extractor, and Antimicrobial activity was tested by Agar well diffusi...
2850
1054
MOLECULAR CHARACTERISATION OF CATHARANTHUS ROSEUS CULTIVARS FROM VARIOUS REGIONS OF RAJASTHAN BASED ON RAPD MARKER
Genetic relationship between ten wild cultivars of C. roseus L. from four different regions of Rajasthan (Jaipur, Bikaner, Kota, and Jhalawar) with the marked difference in climatic condition was investigated using RAPD markers. Catharanthus roseus L. is a storehouse of several secondary metabolites such as vindoline, catharanthine, vinblastine, and vincristine, etc., thus making it an important s...
2612
1761
CURATIVE EFFECT OF ELEPHANTOPUS SCABER LINN. ON N’- NITROSODIETHYLAMINE INDUCED HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA IN EXPERIMENTAL RATS
Objective: To evaluate the curative effect of Elephantopus scaber Linn. on N’Nitrosodiethylamine induced hepatocellular carcinoma in experimental rats. Methods: Phytochemical analysis of the different solvent extracts of E. scaber revealed various constituents such as flavonoids, terpenoids, phenols, etc. in the methanolic extract, which was selected for further study. The curative ability of tw...
3573
1117
IN-VITRO EFFECT OF CYSTONE AGAINST CALCIFYING MICROORGANISM ISOLATED FROM HUMAN KIDNEY STONE
Kidney stones are a global affliction causing a great deal of morbidity and economic loss. The prevalence and control of nephrolithiasis are very important. Herbs and herbal drugs have created interest among the people by their clinically proven effects like immunomodulation, adaptogenic, and antimutagenic. Also, the overuse of synthetic drugs, which results in a higher incidence of adverse drug r...
3223
1143
BIOASSAY GUIDED FRACTIONATION OF SPHAERANTHUS INDICUS EXTRACT AGAINST MOSQUITO VECTORS
Phytochemicals with mosquitocidal potential are now recognized as potent alternative insecticides. This study aims at exploring the mosquitocidal potential of the extract of the medicinal plant Sphaeranthus indicus. The soxhlet extracts of flowers, leaves and aerial parts of S. indicus with four solvents viz., hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol were screened against the larvae of the ...
3115
1436
PREVALENCE OF CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS AMONG POST MENOPAUSAL WOMEN- HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY A REMEDY?
Menopause is a stage which every woman has to pass through. Menopausal stage brings physical changes as well as microbial changes in the oral cavity. The latter change is often left unnoticed, or it is neglected. The important feature during menopause is a rapid decline in the level of the hormone estrogen. Due to the gradual to a rapid drop in the level of the hormone, there is a lower absorption...
2850
1369
PHYTOCHEMICAL, FT-IR, AND GC-MS ANALYSIS OF STEM AND LEAF OF TILIACORA ACUMINATA (LAN.) HOOK F & THOMAS (MENISPERMACEAE)
The present study deals with the phytochemical examination of therapeutic importance of Tiliacora acuminata (Lan) Hook. F & Thomas an important medicinal plant. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of the methanol and ethanol extracts prepared from Tiliacora acuminata stem and leaf revealed the presence of alkaloids, anthraquinones, catechins, coumarins, flavonoids, phenols, quinones, saponins, ...
3363
1514
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION AND MOLECULAR DOCKING STUDIES OF NOVEL BENZOXAZINE DERIVATIVES FOR THE TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATION
An attempt has been made to synthesize Benzoxazines and conduct Molecular docking studies of the same using Cyclooxygenase-1. All the synthesized compounds are then tested for anti-inflammatory activity by using fresh egg-white induced Paw edema method. The synthesis of novel Benzoxazine derivatives has been achieved by the reaction of Salicylaldehyde with Para Amino Benzoic Acid (PABA), which aff...
2655
1169
EXTRACTIVE SPECTROPHOTOMETRY METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF ROSIGLITAZONE IN PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS USING BROMOTHYMOL BLUE
An accurate and precise method was developed for Rosiglitazone Maleate in the visible range of electromagnetic spectrum sing Bromothymol Blue (BTB) in alkaline medium resulting in a blue chromogen showing its absorption maxima at 615 nm. Sandell’s sensitivity to the proposed method was found to be 1.5 × 10-4 µg/ml. The extracted complexes obey Beer–Lambert’s law in the concentration range ...
2391
1063
ANTIOXIDANT CHANGES IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS AFTER ACUTE HEAT STRESS
Introduction: Global warming is one of the major issues in the current scenario. Heat stress is known to affect both physical and mental task. Imbalance in the maintenance of temperature leads to oxidative stress and damage to the body systems. Several studies have been documented on various stressors and its impact on antioxidant status. Aim: The present study was done to evaluate the antioxidant...
2924
1102
STATUS OF GLUCOSE-6- PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE – A RISK FACTOR FOR PREECLAMPSIA
Background and Objectives: Glucose 6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G-6PD) is a ubiquitous enzyme playing a key role in the metabolism of glucose. Reduced activity of G-6PD is one of the most prevalent and genetically determined hereditary defects of the human being. Recently, it has been suggested that reduced G–6PD activity in pre-eclampsia may act as a contributory factor for the development of thi...
2432
1022
PHYTOCHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF CLEOME BRACHYCARPA VAHL. GROWING IN EGYPT
Flavonoid and sesquiterpene constituents of the aerial part of Cleome brachycarpa were chemically investigated and screened for their potential cytotoxicity. A flavonol glycoside; 3, 5, 4` trihydroxy-3`-methoxy flavone - 7 – O - a - L -rhamnopyranose (1```® 2``) - O – β - D-glucopyranoside (1) and a megastigmane glucoside; (+)-(6S, 9R) roseoside (2) were isolated for the first time from the ...
3503
1708
ISOLATION OF BIO-SURFACTANT PRODUCING ACTINOMYCETES FROM TERRESTRIAL AND MARINE SOILS
Bio-surfactants, produced by microorganisms are important biotechnology products, owing to their modes of action, low toxicity, relative ease of preparation, and widespread applicability as an industrial, medicinal and in food industries. The present study was done to isolate the bio-surfactant producing Actinomycetes from three different types of soil samples contaminated with petroleum spillages...
3976
2065
ADULTERATION AND SUBSTITUTION IN ENDANGERED, ASU HERBAL MEDICINAL PLANTS OF INDIA, THEIR LEGAL STATUS, SCIENTIFIC SCREENING OF ACTIVE PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS
Endangered Indian medicinal plants have used as traditional and alternative Indian system of medicine (ISM) from last several ancient time. In 20th and 21th - century generation are becoming aware of the side effect and adverse reaction of synthetic drugs and so there is an increasing interest, Scope of innovating in herbal medicinal plants based Ayurvedic, Siddha, Unani (ASU) medicinal products. ...
16241
8732
CLINICALTRIAL OF POLY HERBAL PRODUCT IN THE TREATMENT OF HYPERTENSION
Background: High blood pressure has emerged as a leading cause of death and disability worldwide.1 Management of hypertension effectively has been a distant reality. Hypercum, a rationale combination of herbs has shown to reduce BP effectively along with other benefits as studied in the ancient literature and research publication. Objectives: The study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of â...
3138
995
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POTENTIAL IMPURITIES OF ARIPIPRAZOLE
Aripiprazole is an anti-psychotic drug used in the treatment of psychosis, including schizophrenia, and during process development for Aripiprazole, we observed two related substances. This paper describes the preparation, identification and proposed structures of the impurities 7-(4-(4-(2-chlorophenyl) piperazine-1-yl) butoxy) - 3, 4 – dihydroquinoline - 2(1H) - one and 7- (4-(4-(3-chlorophenyl...
7175
3697
GASTRIC ULCER PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF MADHUCA LATIFOLIA ROXB BARK IN WISTAR RATS
The present study was carried out to investigate the protective effect of ethanolic extract of Madhuca latifolia (Roxb.) bark (MLE) and aqueous extract of Madhuca latifolia (Roxb.) bark (MLA) in aspirin-induced gastric ulcer. In both extract, acute toxicity performed according to guidelines for the selection of doses. The oral administration (400 mg/kg) of MLE & MLA extract reduced the ulcer i...
2877
1164
EVALUATION OF HYPERTENSION KNOWLEDGE AND DRUG ADHERENCE AMONG SOUTH INDIAN POPULATION
Objective: To investigate the patient’s knowledge of hypertension fact with validated Morisky questionnaires and management of drug adherence. Materials and Methods: The aim of one present study was undertaken 100 patients attending the cardiology, outpatient department in various private sector hospitals in southern Tamilnadu and to assess the patient’s medication knowledge and drug adherence...
3984
2503
ASSESSMENT OF ANXIOLYTIC POTENTIAL OF SPIRULINA PLATENSIS
Spirulina platensis, planktonic blue-green algae, has been used as a source of protein (60-70%) and vitamin supplement for more than 15 years without any unknown adverse events. Traditionally, Spirulina platensis has been used as an antioxidant agent. However, no pharmacological work has been done to evaluate the anti-anxiety activity. The present study was premeditated for the evaluation of the ...
3341
1282